"All sources and myths name EL, BEL OR BELIATAN, to whom the star SATURN was sanctified, as the first God of the Semites. The name that appears in many forms, such as Belitan, Bolathen, Baaliton, means 'The Old Eternal BEL.'" 256-257.
Connected to this name is the myth of the Reich of Belos [Barbelo?] the first king of the Semite tribes. The myth about his castle in Babel, Phoenicia, Lybia asf. 257-261. He carries the name Belitan as primordial being, in which context he is also called Thaldos. Aldos, Aldemios (Time), Ulom (Eternity), Baal-Ulom (Lord of Eternity). 261-262.
Mythically he was known as the Old Man to the Carthaginians and the ancient Arabs, who depicted him as such and Hobal (The Old One), Abod (Father of Time). 22-263.
Bel is the Demiurge in the cosmogonies of the Phoenicians and Babylonians. He is the spiritual light and the life principle, next to the nature goddess , who is cosmogonically known as the dead matter of chaos and is personified as Tauthe. 268 ff.
The Phoenician religion also.. lets him appear as the demiurge, soon after its inception. The first class of cosmogenies and the writings of Sanchinatho....
Bel as sustainer and ruler of the world, according to the law (Thuro, Dotho) of harmonia (Shusarthus). After his decisions, the other gods rule the different nations and peoples 286-287.
These ideas found in the depictions and symbols of the God, explain the picture of Hobal inside the Kaaba, the "symbol of the reich of Saturn" crafted by Tauut 287-289.
The Pillars of Saturn in the ancient Phoenician cult.
The [polymorphic] appearing names Ciuun, Chon, Kaiwan, all describe a pillar which depicts the god as the sustainer of the world and heavenly order, upholding the world without carrying any weight. The Jachin-Pillar Chon or Heracles pillars of heaven. Instructions to a symbolic apparatus described by Apium, which supposedly was used in the Mosaic cult of Typhon-Saturnus. 296-299
The Notions of El-Saturnus as a holy and just being, who rejects injustice and sin, whose wrath can only be prevented by offering the most loved. The Human Sacrifices done unto him in his attribute as Moloch. 299-301.
Three different classes of them [sacrifice]: The Annual Cleansing Sacrifice, on a certain day, before huge undertakings, virgin offers before the establishment of a city, and before great misfortunes. 301-303.
The annual celebrations in remembrance of the suffering of god's only son. The myth of the wrapped bethyl, which Saturn devours.
In Semitism, El, Bel, or more complete Belitan, the old Bel, whom the Greek call Kronos [Cronos], and the Romans called Saturnus, takes the highest rank above all other gods.
Phoenicians and Carthaginians worship Saturn the most. Wherever and whenever he is compared or mentioned, it is always he that is the first and most preferred . In the Cosmogenic myths of Sanchionatho, he is the leader of the other Elohim, whose position of power was given to them by him anyway. After he had defeated his father Uranus in a long battle and achieved kingship, he employed his combatants, the Elohim, as his sub-kings and servants in his great Reich. "The God-King Hadat, the great Astarte and Zeus Demarus ruled the land according to the decisions of pho;" Unto Baaltis he gave the holy city of Byblus."
"But what was the character of the primitive Semitic deity?" Bunsen seems to think that Plutarch, in one passage, alludes to the identity of Typhon (Seth) and Osiris. (Egypt Vol III, Bunsen p.433). This is a remarkable idea, and yet curiously enough, Sir Gardner Wilkinson says that Typhon-Seth may have been derived from the pigmy Pthah-Sokaris-Osiris, who was clearly only another form of Osiris [Dionysus] himself. "
"However this may be, the phallic origin of Seth can be shown from other data. Thus it appears that the word Set means, in Hebrew, as well as in Egyptian, pillar, and in a general sense, the erect, elevated, high. Moreover, in a passage of the Egyptian Book of the Dead, Set is called Tet, a fact which, according to Bunsen, intimates that Thoth inherited many of the attributes of Set. They were however, in reality, the same deities. Set, by change of the initial letter, becomes Tet, one of the names of Thoth, or rather the same name; as Set agrees with Seth. We have in this explanation of the statement that Tet, the Phoeneician Taaut, was the snake-god Esmun-Esculapius; the serpent being the symbol of Tet, as we have seen it to be that of Seth also. In this we have a means of identifying the Semitic deity Seth, with the Saturn and related deities of other peoples. Ewald says that "the common name for God, Eloah, among the Hebrews, as among all the Semites, goes back into the earliest times."
Bryant goes further, and declares that El was originally the name of the supreme deity among all the nations of the East. This idea is confirmed, so far as Chaldea is concerned, by later researchers, which show that Il or El was at the head of the Babylonian pantheon. With this deity must be identified the Il or Ilus of the Phoenicians, who was the same as Cronus, who again was none other than the primeval Saturn, whose worship appears to have been at one period almost universal among European and Asiatic peoples. Saturn and El were thus the same deity, the latter, like the Semitic Seth, being, as is well known, symbolized by the serpent.* A direct point of contact between Seth and Saturn is found in the Hebrew idol Kiyun, mentioned by Amos, the planet Saturn still being called Kivan by Eastern peoples. This idol was represented in the form of a pillar, the primeval symbol of deity, which was common undoubtedly to all the gods here mentioned. These symbolical pillars were called Betyli, or Betulia. Sometimes also the column was called Abaddir, which, strangely enough, Bryant identifies with the serpent god. There can be no doubt that both the pillar and the serpent were associated with Saturn.
"And I appeared unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob as El Shaddai, but by my name Jehova was I not known to them."
Egyptian prince, who is said to have brought up Moses, is given by Josephus as Thermuthis, this being the name of the sacred asp of Egypt (see Supra). We appear, also, to have a reference to the serpent in the name Levi, one of the sons of Jacob, from whom the descent of Moses [Museus] was traced.
*Fragments, Book xxxiv. See, also, in connection with this subject, King's Gnostics, p. 91.
Op. cit., vol. iv, p. 434
Bunsen's Egypt, vol. iv., p. 208
As Tet becomes Thoth, so Mo-ses becomes in the Hebrew Mo-shesh.
The Brazen Serpent made by Moses, it will be remembered, was the symbol of this divinity; and it was worshipped until the time of King Hezekiah, by whom it was broken in pieces.
"The name of the god Kiyun, or Kivan, who was worshipped by the Hebrews, and who in Syria was said to devour children, is connected with the root kun, to erect, and therefore doubtless with the antediluvian Kain or Kevan. Kon, derived from the same root, was, according to Bunsen, a Phoenician designation of Saturn.*
~ Ancient Symbol Worship: The Influence of the Phallic Idea In The Religions of Antiquity by Hodder M. Westropp & C. Staniland Wake
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