Sorry for butting in…but this is a subject that is Relevant To My Interests. :)
Actually, Russian does have quite a few Western Europe/English-equivalent names, just as English (and other languages) has some names directly lifted from Russian/Slavic names and diminutives…although ultimately I suppose they’re ALL drawn from Greek names, as there are close ties between the Greek language/alphabet and the Slavic languages in general and the Cyrillic alphabet…And there are some names, like Anna, that seem to be in every language with no alterations…but I don’t know which came first. :) Probably Greek. Ultimately, it’s all Greek. Or Latin. Or Norse/Germanic. Or Gaelic. (Or Welsh! Says the person of Welsh descent. ;) ) But anyway! Some name equivalents, off the top of my head, in no particular order (and my apologies for any transliteration weirdness. I’d use the Cyrillic alphabet, but it’s difficult to do so on an American keyboard. :p )
Ivan = John
Andrei = Andrew
Anton = Anthony
Yekaterina = Catherine
Pyotr = Peter
Karina = Karen
(L)Izabeta = Elizabeth
Isobel(a) = Isabelle/Isabella
Timofei = Timothy
Fyodor = Theodore
Natalya = Natalie
Leonid = Leonard
Pavel = Paul
Yakov = Jacob
Evgeny = Eugene
Igor (and Grigory) = Gregory
Gyorgy = George
Stepan = Steven
Mikhail = Michael
Raisa = Rose
Oksana = Roxanne
Ilya = Elijah
Olga = Helga
Irina = Irene
Nikolai = Nicholas
Sergei = Serge (Admittedly, not a popular American name, but it’s out there in Western Europe, I believe. :) Especially in France, I think? Or Italy, where it’s Sergio.)
Viktor = Victor
And I suspect (though I don’t know for certain) that (O)Lesya is also a form of Helga. It’s far less common than Olga, though…and I like it a lot better. :)
And I could go on. :) But for your anon…I’m not aware of a Russian equivalent for Noah, no. I’m guessing it’s simply transliterated into Cyrillic. (I’d be interested to know what Russian Old Testaments do with the name in Cyrillic… And names like “Methuselah,” for that matter. I’m guessing they’re all just transliterated.) Anyway, it’s a Hebrew name, obviously, and not too many of them seem to have made it into the Slavic languages outside of simple transliterations. I’m really surprised there’s not a specific Joshua/Jesus equivalent, though! But maybe there is and I’m just not aware of it. Or maybe it’s just transliterated, too.
So…Um, yeah! Sorry. I’m a bit of a Russophile, I’m afraid. It’s all because of Pavel Chekov, the Star Trek character. Would you believe I learned quite a bit of Russian just to be able to write Russian dialogue – mostly mutterings and curses – for him in fanfic? :) I’m such a geek. (Thank you for posting your Russian asks with general-sense translations, by the way! It’s helping me to remember some of what I’ve forgotten. :) )
And also, while I have you…Just what is the matronymic for Yekaterina? I know that an “-ovna” is added to the given name, but Yekaterinovna is a little…cumbersome? Is it shortened to something? My name (Katrina) is also a form of Catherine, and I’m always threatening my kids to call them by their first name and a matronymic (Yes, even my son :) )…only I’m not sure what the proper matronymic would be… Although I’ve also seen Katrina simply transliterated into Cyrillic as-is, so perhaps it should be “Katrinovna”…which is a little less cumbersome. :)