PiEmbSysTech

ISO 26262 Part 1 – Vocabulary and Key Terminology Explained Hello, automotive engineers and functional safety enthusiasts! Welcome to the first deep-dive post in our comprehensive ISO 26262 series at PiEmbSysTech. In this article, we will thoroughly explore ISO 26262 Part 1 – Vocabulary, which defines all the terms, definitions, and abbreviations that are used throughout the entire 12-part…

AUTOSAR E2E Profile 22: The Definitive Technical Guide to SOME/IP Event Safety Communication Protection AUTOSAR E2E Profile 22 is the purpose-built End-to-End safety communication protocol for SOME/IP events in Automotive Ethernet service-oriented architectures – the event-driven counterpart to Profile 6, which protects SOME/IP data elements. While Profile 6 assumes a continuous sender-receiver…

AUTOSAR E2E Profile 11: The Definitive Technical Guide to Compact LIN Safety Communication Protection AUTOSAR E2E Profile 11 is the purpose-built End-to-End safety communication protocol for the Local Interconnect Network (LIN) bus – the low-cost, single-master serial bus that remains the dominant choice for body electronics, interior control, and actuator sub-networks in virtually every modern…

AUTOSAR E2E Profile 7: The Definitive Technical Guide to CRC-64 Large Data Ethernet Protection AUTOSAR E2E Profile 7 stands at the technological frontier of automotive functional safety communication – it is the only profile in the entire AUTOSAR E2E library that employs a full 64-bit cyclic redundancy check, making it the strongest data integrity guardian in the AUTOSAR safety communication…

AUTOSAR E2E Profile 6 Explained: CRC-32 Protection for CAN FD and Automotive Ethernet AUTOSAR E2E Profile 6 is the dedicated End-to-End safety communication protocol engineered specifically for SOME/IP (Scalable service-Oriented MiddlewarE over IP) – the primary serialization protocol used in AUTOSAR Ethernet-based service-oriented architectures. As modern vehicles increasingly adopt Automotive…

AUTOSAR E2E Profile 5 Explained: CRC-16 CCITT, 3-Byte Header, and CAN FD Ethernet Protection AUTOSAR E2E Profile 5 occupies a uniquely valuable position in the AUTOSAR End-to-End Communication Protection library – sitting precisely between the compact 8-bit CRC profiles designed for classic CAN and the heavyweight 32-bit and 64-bit CRC profiles designed for FlexRay and large Ethernet payloads.…

AUTOSAR E2E Profile 4 Explained: CRC32 Protection and Reliable Automotive Communication AUTOSAR E2E Profile 4 marks a pivotal step forward in the AUTOSAR End-to-End Communication Protection library. While Profile 1 and Profile 2 serve the bandwidth-constrained world of classic CAN with 8-bit CRCs and 4-bit counters, AUTOSAR E2E Profile 4 was engineered for a completely different league of…

AUTOSAR E2E Profile 2 Explained: CRC16, DataID, and CAN Communication Protection AUTOSAR E2E Profile 2 is the second and arguably the more robust of the two original end-to-end safety protocols introduced in AUTOSAR Release 3.1. While E2E Profile 1 remains the most widely deployed profile, AUTOSAR E2E Profile 2 delivers measurably stronger masquerade protection and a superior CRC algorithm —…

AUTOSAR E2E Profile 1 Explained: CRC-8 SAE J1850, DataID Modes, and CAN Communication Protection AUTOSAR E2E Profile 1 is the original and most widely deployed safety protocol in the AUTOSAR End-to-End Communication Protection library. Specifically designed for the bandwidth-constrained environment of CAN (Controller Area Network) bus systems, AUTOSAR E2E Profile 1 delivers ISO 26262-compliant…

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is often referred to as the brain of a computer for Tasks Are Processed and Executed. It’s the powerhouse responsible for executing instructions and managing tasks that make computing possible. Understanding how a CPU processes and executes tasks offers insight into the marvel of modern computing, unraveling the sophisticated processes that occur within…

Qualcomm acquires Arduino and launches the Linux-capable Arduino UNO Q: what it means for makers, students, and edge-AI Qualcomm acquires Arduino and launches the Linux-capable Arduino UNO Q, marking a major step forward in open-source innovation and embedded AI development. The acquisition (pending regulatory approval) also brings a new hardware release — the UNO Q, a dual-brain board powered…

BigQuery SQL Explained: Legacy SQL vs Standard SQL Made Simple In Google BigQuery, understanding the difference Standar Standard SQL and Legacy SQL in BigQuery – into between Legacy SQL and Standard SQL isn’t just about syntax it’s the key to unlocking the platform’s full potential. Whether you’re writing simple SELECT statements or designing complex analytics pipelines, the SQL dialect you…

BigQuery SQL Tips: Handling NULLs Effectively in Your Data In Google BigQuery, handling NULL values isn’t just a technical detail it’s a core part NULL handling in BigQuery – into of building accurate, reliable, and high-performing SQL queries. BigQuery operates at massive scale, and even a few unexpected NULLs can lead to misleading results, broken joins, or failed filters. Understanding how…

BigQuery Language Structure Explained: Everything You Need to Know About Data Organization Google BigQuery is not just a powerful analytics engine it’s a structured environment Structure of BigQuery language – into built to manage data at scale using an intuitive SQL-based query language. At its core, BigQuery organizes information through a hierarchy of projects, datasets, tables, views, and…

Google Cloud BigQuery Setup: Enable APIs and Configure Billing Easily Google BigQuery is a fully managed, serverless data warehouse that empowers Enable BigQuery API and configure billing in Google Cloud – into users to run high-performance SQL queries on large-scale datasets. Whether you’re building data pipelines or visualizing insights, BigQuery offers the speed and flexibility that modern…

BigQuery Project Setup on Google Cloud Platform (GCP): Easy Configuration Guide Google BigQuery is a powerful, serverless data warehouse built to run lightning-fast SQL Create Google Cloud project for BigQuery — into queries across massive datasets. Its scalable architecture and familiar SQL interface make it ideal for data engineers, analysts, and business teams. Before leveraging BigQuery’s…

Traversal Translation and Execution in Gremlin Database: A Complete Guide Understanding how traversals are translated and executed in the Gremlin database is essential Gremlin traversal translation – into for optimizing graph queries. Every Gremlin query undergoes a translation phase where it’s converted into a platform-independent traversal bytecode. This bytecode guides the traversal engine on…