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The voltage of that analogue audio signal is measured 44,100 times per second on a scale from -32,768 to 32,767 and stored as binary.

That binary does not go onto the disc directly as burnt area = 0, as many sources will tell you. The change from a pit to a land or vice-versa is what signifies a 1. It is also modulated to allow the player to read it more easily and encoded in a way so that the disc can still be read even if there are many bits that cannot be read due to a reasonable degree of scratches or dirt.

That finalized set of binary instructions is fed into a laser that etches the pits into a glass disc coated with a polymer that falls off glass discs easily when hit directly by a laser. It is then put in a vacuum chamber, coated with nickel, and a negative copy of that is grown by the complicated process of electrodeposition.

That negative copy is used to mold a disc of clear plastic with all the pits and lands. After it is molded it is coated with aluminum and another layer of plastic on top of the aluminum.

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