Whatโs the difference?? ๋งํผ and -๋๋๋งํผ
Back with another grammar post! ๋งํผ and -๋๋๋งํผ look similar, but thereโs a small (and important!) difference in their meaning.
The ๋งํผ grammar can be used with action verbs; descriptive verbs in the past, present, and future; and nouns. It indicates that what follows ๋งํผ is similar or equal to what comes before it, or that the two things are of a similar degree. Letโs look at some examples:
DESCRIPTIVE VERB: -(์ผ)ใด ๋งํผ โ ํ์์ด ๋๋ํ ๋งํผ ์ฑ์ ์ด ์ ๋์์. (Students get better grades depending on how smart they are [Students get grades equivalent to how smart they are].)
PAST:ย -(์ผ)ใด ๋งํผ โ ๊ฒฝํ ์จ๋ ์ ๊ฐ ๊ณต๋ถํ ๋งํผ ๊ณต๋ถ๋ฅผ ์ด์ฌํ ํ์ด์. (Kyeonghoon studied just as hard as I studied.
PRESENT: -๋ ๋งํผ โ ๋ทํ์ ๊ฐ ๋ ๋์ ๋ด๋ ๋งํผ ๋ง์ด ๋จน์ด์ผ ๋ผ์. (When you go to a buffet, you should eat as much as you pay for [to the extent that you paid for it, you should eat that much].)
FUTURE: -(์ผ)ใน ๋งํผ โ ์์ด๋ค์ด ๋ค ์ถฉ๋ถํ ๋จน์ ์ ์์ ๋งํผ ์์์ ๋ง์ด ์ค๋นํด ์ฃผ์ธ์. (Please prepare a lot of food so that the children will be able to eat enough.)
NOUN:ย ๋งํผ โ ๋์์ ํค๋ ์ค๋น ์ ํค๋งํผ ์ปค์. (My younger brother is as tall as my older brother [My younger brotherโs height is as big as my older brotherโs height].)
Please note that with nouns, ๋งํผ attaches to the noun! When used with descriptive and action verbs, there is an obligatory space.
๋งํผโs meaning is similar to that of ์ ๋, which expresses the degree of something!
-๋๋๋งํผ is similar to ๋งํผ in that it expresses the degree of something, but it also expresses a reason for something, similar to -๋๊น. It can be used with action verbs, descriptive verbs, and nouns, in the past and present tenses. It can sometimes be switched with ๋งํผ as described above, but you lose a bit of thatย โbecauseโ meaning.
AV PAST: -์/์์ผ๋๋งํผ โ ๊ณต๋ถ๋ฅผ ์ด์ฌํ ํ์ผ๋๋งํผ ์ฑ์ ์ด ์ ๋์ค๊ฒ ์ด์. (Because you studied hard [and to the extent that you studied hard], you should get good grades.)
DV PAST:ย -์/์์ผ๋๋งํผ โ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ ๊ณ ํ ์ผ๋๋งํผ ๋ง์ด ๋จน์์ด์. (Because I was hungry [and to the extent that I was hungry] I ate a lot.)
AV PRESENT- -๋๋๋งํผ โ ์ด์ฌํย ์ผํ๋๋๋งํผ ํผ๊ณคํด์. (Because I am working hard [and to the extent that I am working hard] I am tired.)
DV PRESENT- -(์ผ)๋๋งํผ โ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์ข์ง ์์ผ๋๋งํผ ๋ง์คํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ผญ ์ฑ๊ธฐ์ธ์. (Because the air is not good [and to the extent that it is not good], please wear a mask.)
NOUN PAST: -์/์ด์์ผ๋๋งํผ โ ๊ฐ์ฅ ๊ฐ์ ํ ์ํ๋ ๊ฟ์ด์์ผ๋๋งํผ ๊ทธ ๊ฟ์ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ธฐ ์ํด์ ๋คํ์ด์. (Because it was my most fervently desired dream [and to the extent that it was my most fervently desired dream] I did my best to achieve it.)
NOUN PRESENT: -(์ด)๋๋งํผ โ ์ค์ํ ๋ฐํ๋๋งํผ ์ค๋น๋ฅผ ์ฒ ์ ํ๊ฒ ํด์ผ ๋ผ์. (Because it is an important presentation [and to the extent that it is an important presentation] I must prepare thoroughly].)
Feel free to ask if you have any questions or, if you see any mistakes, please let me know so I can fix them!