Units:
g/dl: grams per decilitre pg: picograms g/l: grams per litre mm/hr: millimetres per hour mmol/l: millimoles per litre iu/l: international units per litre U/ml: units per millilitre
Normal Values
Heart rate: 38 ± 10 /min Respiration rate: 12 ± 6 /min Body temperature: 37.9 ± 0.5 °C Total volume of blood: 35 ± 10 litres Total amount of faeces: 17.5 ± 3 kg Total amount of urine production: 6 ± 3 litres Onset of reproductive activity: 18 ± 6 months Length of oestrus cycle: 21 ± 2 days Duration of oestrus period: 6 ± 3 days Length of dioestrus period: 15 ± 5 days Ovulation: 48 ± 12 hours Optimum covering period: 48 ± 24 hours Gestation period: 11 ± 1 months
Haematology
Red blood cells:
Thoroughbred in training: 7-10 x1012/litre
Non-thoroughbred: 6-10.5 x1012/litre
Haemoglobin:
Thoroughbred in training: 11.5-17 g/dl
Non-thoroughbred: 9-15.5 g/dl
Packed cell volume (% volume of RBCs to blood plasma): 35-50% Mean corpuscular volume: 39-49 fl Mean corpuscular haemoglobin: 12-19.2 pg Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration: 34-38 g/dl White blood cells: 5.5-12 x109/litre Neutrophils (segmented): 3-6.5 x109/litre Neutrophils (banded): 0-0.2 x109/litre Lymphocytes: 1.6-6.5 x109/litre Monocytes: 0-0.85 x109/litre Eosinophils: 0-0.2 x109/litre Platelets: 120-360 x1012/litre Fibrinogen: 1-4 g/l Coagulation time: 10.6-14.6 mins Prothrombin time: 10-13 secs Erythrocyte sedimentation rate: 22-57 mm/hr
Biochemistry
Albumin: 25-37 g/l Globulin a2 : 8-13 g/l Globulin b1: 8-15 g/l Globulin b2: 8-15 g/l Globulin g: 7-14 g/l Total serum protein: 60-80 g/l Triglycerides: 0.12-0.35 mmol/l Aspartate aminotransferase: <300 iu/l Creatine phosphokinase: <175 iu/l Lactate dehydrogenase: <585 iu/l LD3: 43 %LD LD4: 13 %LD LD5: 2 %LD Gamma glutamyltransferase: <40 iu/l Serum alkaline phosphatase: <350 iu/l Intestinal alkaline phosphatase: <20 iu/l Sorbital dehydrogenase: <6 iu/l Bilirubin, total: 10-50 mmol/l Bilirubin, direct: 4.5-15 mmol/l Cholesterol: 1-3 mmol/l Creatinine: 100-180 mmol/l Cortisol: 50-250 nmol/l Glutamate dehydrogenase: 4-14 iu/l Glutathiomine peroxidase: >80 U/ml Urea: 3.5-8 mmol/l
Blood Mineral Levels
Calcium: 2.5-3.5 mmol/l Chloride: 100-108 mmol/l Copper: 8-18 mmol/l Glucose: 3-6 mmol/l Lead: <1.2 mmol/l Magnesium: 0.6-0.9 mmol/l Phosphate: 0.8-3 mmol/l Potassium: 3-4.5 mmol/l Sodium: 135-145 mmol/l
Source: Complete Equine Veterinary Manual - Tony and Marcy Pavord
