Rewrite of my interpretation of Elgar'nan: God of Vengeance and Mythal: The Great Protector because I changed my mind about it. This goes into Titans, tranquility, and Elgar'nan and Mythal's connection to the sun and the moon. Spoilers for Veilguard and other DA media. This will be a long one!
To start, this post assumes you have watched Solas's regrets and know what's in the DAV artbook! If not, this video summarises it things nicely :)
Codex entry #1: Elgar'nan: God of Vengeance
This codex starts in the time spirits had begun to create bodies for themselves out of Lyrium. It describes how Elgar'nan was the First of the Firstborn, and where he was born.
Long ago, when time itself was young, the only things in existence were the sun and the land. The sun, curious about the land, bowed his head close to her body, and Elgar'nan was born in the place where they touched.
This whole codex entry is part of the cosmogony of Thedas and like other religion in Thedas, probably isn't meant to be taken literally. That being said, we know enough about several elements mentioned in it to speculate what the different elements in it may represent, so that's what I'll be doing here.
The Helm of Solar is said to have contained the memory of an enraged sun that burned people's minds.
The Elven Star Charts note in Veilguard states the following: "Ancient elves drew from the magic of the celestial spheres, and wove their greatest enchantments beneath a darkened sun. A full eclispe approaches, which is an auspicious portent for our risen gods. —Philia"
The lines of the Fall of the Protector Revenant at The Gate of Pale Reflection from Veilguard: "A wisp of what was. An unjust end. Vengeance, unavenged. The sun snuffed out." (this may just be a reference to Mythal according to the game files)
The Dragon Age Vinyl cover and its variant show a dragon behind a floating (golden?) city, in front of something like an eclipse and a pale reflection of a sun.
Yavana tells Alistair that his heart beats with the old blood and that it "Sings of a time when dragons ruled the skies. A time before the veil, before the mysteries were forgotten." if Thedas was stuck in a perpetual day at this point, it wouldn't be far off to say that the sun ruled the skies.
Emmrich makes a bunch of interesting references to the stars in Veilguard - as a lich he mentions he hadn't expected the stars to whisper across the firmament, he also mentions that the eclipse is forcing alignment between the stars and powerful currents in the Fade.
The Dalish and Elvhen funerary rights differ in some of the wording in them: where the Dalish offer "a third to the sky, to share your story with the sun and the moon", the ancient elves granted a third "to the stars, to speak your life to the firmament".
The constellation Solium, thought to represent both the Sun and the Moon, as well as Elgar'nan.
In one of Solas' regrets, Solas references the earth shaking as the first elves make their bodies.
The shaking of the earth is also mentioned in the Song to Elgar'nan codex entry
The Avvar god Korth is said to have grown cruel after sealing his heart away inside a golden cask that around which he raised the Frostback Mountains. He sent avalanches and earthquakes to torment the tribes of men.
In A Test of Faith, Havard's riddle: "The bones of the world stretch towards the sky's embrace. Veiled in white, like a bride greeting her groom. Of what do I speak?" The answer is 'the mountains'.
This Avvar image looks a lot like a Titan going mad, note the 'third eye' on its forehead, which in turn looks similar to the depiction of the constellation Fulmenos:
In short: there are some possible links between ancient elves, the Sun, the Land, mountains, and Avvar myths.
I would like to try to link this to the Old Elven Writing codex entry and the imagery of overlapping spheres - "For one moment there is a vivid image of two overlapping spheres; unknown flowers bloom inside their centers. Then it fades"
Spheres are also mentioned in other codex entries:
In the Emergent Compendium: Two shadowed spheres among stars subtitled "An eclipse as Fen'Harel stirred".
In Vir Dirthara: Raising the Sonallium there is another reference to a sphere, and magic being channeled into it: "In the distance, haloed by a blizzard of light, thousands of elves are maintaining an elaborate magical ritual that pulls raw essence from the Fade, funneled into a sphere in the air."
Veilfire Runes in the Deep Roads also mention a sphere, a firey one at that: "For a moment, the scent of blood fills the air, and there is a vivid image of green vines growing and enveloping a sphere of fire."
While depicting spheres rather than mentioning them, this Trespasser mural: "The runes say the Evanuris fought the Titans. They mined their bodies for lyrium and... something else. It's not clear."
This is a bit of a reach because ok people draw spheres and circles, but there's material related to Veilguard (from the codex, marketing, and the collector's edition artbook) with overlapping circles in them.
The sun and the land loved Elgar'nan greatly, for he was beautiful and clever. As a gift to Elgar'nan, the land brought forth great birds and beasts of sky and forest, and all manner of wonderful green things. Elgar'nan loved his mother's gifts and praised them highly and walked amongst them often.
The next part of the tale seems to describe how Elgar'nan observed the Titans and how when they are happy and tended to by the dwarves, they 'bloom' and either produce or attract animals, this is referenced to some extent in Vir Dirthara: A Flowering Imago. As we know Elgar'nan to be rather cruel, I wouldn't be surprised if walking among them meant he hunted them as he hunted the titans.
The sun, looking down upon the fruitful land, saw the joy that Elgar'nan took in her works and grew jealous. Out of spite, he shone his face full upon all the creatures the earth had created, and burned them all to ashes.
This is where things start going sideways for Elgar'nan, or I guess the Evanuris in general. There is a part of the Canticle of Threnodies in the Chant that I don't want to get into in detail right now, but I believe it outlines some things the Evanuris did in what Ghilan'nain calls the 'First Age of the Gods', a time of conquest.
The children of the Maker gathered
Before his golden throne
And sang hymns of praise unending.
But their songs
Were the songs of the cobblestones.
They shone with the golden light
Reflected from the Maker's throne.
They held forth the banners
That flew on their own.
From this, personally I can make out three separate things:
The Evanuris sang hymns of praise unending, but their songs were the songs of cobblestones - This means that they made bodies out of Lyrium
They shone with the golden light reflected from the Maker's throne - This I am unsure about, I have several guesses: the Evanuris built structures that were ripoffs from things they saw elsewhere, all of the Evanuris's knowledge and magic stolen from others, or the Evanuris looked like they were people capable of reflection (like mortals are with souls) but in reality are still nothing but spirits that can only reflect things that already exist.
They held forth the banners that flew on their own. - Earlier these are also referred to as banners which flew without wind. I figured this is either a reference to the Evanuris enslaving dragons, or how you could say that a spirit without a body back in the day sort of looks like a banner.
Plenty of transgressions that could make the Sun angry. Not trying to imply that the Sun is the maker here, this could simply be a vague memory of what happened to anger it. Back to Elgar'nan's codex.
The land cracked and split from bitterness and pain, and cried salt tears for the loss of all she had wrought. The pool of tears cried for the land became the ocean, and the cracks in her body the first rivers and streams.
This part of the tale specifically mentions the ocean, but ocean seems to be a word that is misremembered and mistranslated a lot. In Taash's quests, the Qunari mention an ocean where spirits mention the sea. In ancient elven funeral rites, a third is given to the sea to share your story with the heart of the world. The mournwatch speak of the dreaming sea, there are those from across the sea. It's hard to tell here if the ocean is meant to be the sea, referring to something like the Fade, or a literal ocean.
Here's three of my personal interpretations of the way the Sun killed all the creatures the Land had created:
The Sun is an angered Titan, spewing lava like in the artbook. The lava killed many elves that mined lyrium inside the Titans. The earthquakes the Titans caused cracked the land and the lava then liquefied lyrium, causing it to flow like rivers. The Sun could be a representation of the Titan's Spirit in a way. Perhaps one of the two overlapping spheres? Or the 'other thing' the Evanuris mined, aside from Lyrium.
The Sun is a dragon. I am unsure if that means it was a protector of some sort or not. If friendly with the Titans, perhaps it slept in somewhere in or near it. With the Titan angered, it woke up and decided to attack both the Titan and the elves, killing all life in or near it. The Titans could still crack the land through earthquakes, and dragon blood could be what melted lyrium.
The Sun is one of the things mined by the elves. Perhaps one of the spheres. Sylaise, as the hearthkeeper, was in charge of funneling magic out of this sphere, as per Vir Dirthara: Raising the Sonallium and magic and building elements were funnelled out of it to build Arlathan. They managed to expend one of these orbs and as a result, the Titan and all it had created died, and the land became infertile.
We don't know how Lyrium was refined, dragon flame could possibly play a part in this. Salt is also used to kill plants and melt ice and all kinds of things, so perhaps this means that the first deserts came to be as a result of this.
Either way it seems unlikely to me that the Titans actually created the sea, lakes, and rivers as a result of this battle. In the creaton story in the DAV artbook, there's already lakes. Unless this is about some part of the fade like the Emerald Waters in the chant, perhaps the Titans caused the first deaths and so the Void came to be.
Elgar'nan was furious at what his father had done and vowed vengeance. He lifted himself into the sky and wrestled the sun, determined to defeat him. They fought for an eternity, and eventually the sun grew weak, while Elgar'nan's rage was unabated.
I really wonder if this is what the Vinyl cover depicts. Elgar'nan, on top of a mountain, about to face off against a gigantic dragon.
Alternatively, this could mean that Elgar'nan and his armies fought a Titan until it eventually succumbed. He has these little Lyrium fragments on his collar from every Titan he defeated according to the Artbook.
I'm not sure what went down here, but Elgar'nan found a way to defeat the moon, or perhaps exhaust its magic somehow?
Eventually Elgar'nan threw the sun down from the sky and buried him in a deep abyss created by the land's sorrow. With the sun gone, the world was covered in shadow, and all that remained in the sky were the reminders of Elgar'nan's battle with his father—drops of the sun's lifeblood, which twinkled and shimmered in the darkness.
The Abyss reminds me of the words "Here lies the Abyss, the Well of all Souls" from the chant. I really wonder if an abyss created by the land's sorrow could mean that the Evanuris's actions caused the first deaths in Thedas. Alternatively, I wonder if the Abyss could be something like the Wellspring we find in the Descent DLC, perhaps it was filled with life in the past, the Deep Roads could have been too, but now they are mostly empty and devoid of life.
We've seen dragons trapped underneath the earth, so that wouldn't be unprecedented either.
The drops of the sun's lifeblood sound like they may be the stars. Either way, Elgar'nan started an age of darkness.
Codex Entry #2: Mythal: The Great Protector
Elgar'nan had defeated his father, the sun, and all was covered in darkness. Pleased with himself, Elgar'nan sought to console his mother, the earth, by replacing all that the sun had destroyed. But the earth knew that without the sun, nothing could grow. She whispered to Elgar'nan this truth, and pleaded with him to release his father, but Elgar'nan's pride was great, and his vengeance was terrible, and he refused.
So here Elgar'nan, or the Evanuris, find themselves in a predicament: they defeated the Sun, be it a Titan or a Dragon, and the world has gone dark.
This could be a representation of a dead Titan, perhaps it still stood as a mountain (the earth/Land side of it) but as it was no longer alive, the Evanuris could no longer mine it for Lyrium.
The earth that whispers here, I wonder if it could be someone like The Healer, that was magically struck from all the Evanuris' records. We also know Solas to be a spirit speaker, so it's also possible this was Elgar'nan being angry with Solas for telling him to stop killing, or to consult spirits.
It was at this moment that Mythal walked out of the sea of the earth's tears and onto the land. She placed her hand on Elgar'nan's brow, and at her touch he grew calm and knew that his anger had led him astray. Humbled, Elgar'nan went to the place where the sun was buried and spoke to him. Elgar'nan said he would release the sun if the sun promised to be gentle and to return to the earth each night. The sun, feeling remorse at what he had done, agreed.
This is a big part of why I believe the sea of the land's tears refers to either Lyrium, or the Fade. That imagery of placing her hand on Elgar'nan's brow... it sounds very familiar now that we've seen what's in the DAV artbook:
To me it sounds like this part of Mythal's tale depicts that she found the secret to making the Titans tranquil. Stepping out of the Sea of the Earth's Tears could mean that she returned with the Lyrium Dagger.
In addition to this, with all the connections between the Earth, the Land, and the Stone - Tearstone Island could be the place where she did this. It's also where the Elgar'nan and Ghilan'nain went to create their own dagger during an eclipse.
It's also possible that the Evanuris fought a Titan until an eclipse just happened to come along, they noticed it made their magic more powerful, and so they set out to find a way to replace the moon with their own creation - more on that in a bit though.
I doubt Mythal truly made Elgar'nan tranquil, I can't imagine that going down well. We do know that Dirthamen and Falon'Din were split into two however, so perhaps that's what happened here?
At this point Elgar'nan speaks to the Sun and this somehow brings about day and night. I really don't buy this part, but do want to point out that in the game files there are references to Elgar'nan blighting the Moon. Here is one of them:
My best guess is that this is when the Evanuris first make a Titan tranquil.
And so the sun rose again in the sky, and shone his golden light upon the earth. Elgar'nan and Mythal, with the help of the earth and the sun, brought back to life all the wondrous things that the sun had destroyed, and they grew and thrived. And that night, when the sun had gone to sleep, Mythal gathered the glowing earth around his bed, and formed it into a sphere to be placed in the sky, a pale reflection of the sun's true glory.
So the eclipse ended, and the Evanuris were free to create as many bodies as they wanted from the Titans that were now made tranquil.
Interestingly, Mythal gathers the glowing earth around the Sun's bed and raises a sphere into the sky here, a pale reflection of the sun's true glory.
Something similar is also found in Avvar myths: the Lady of the Skies raised Belenas from the earth into her realm. It could mean nothing, but her heraldry might give us an idea of what might rest inside the moon:
Whether that could be the skeleton of a dragon or some type of fire bird, like a phoenix, beats me. Perhaps more likely to be the latter because of the tail.
Whatever it is, Elgar'nan was able to make one of the moons move, and in cut content, blight it. This being cut content may be referenced in the memento Moon Gems, though the moon that is moved doesn't seem to be Satina (the smaller moon).
What is interesting is that during the eclipse, the moon appears like a normal moon (you can see some of its craters) during the eclipse when you're viewing it from Thedas, but in the Lighthouse it looks like one big black hole.
Honestly, looking into this perhaps raises more questions than it answers, but I think it's interesting all the same because it drives home shows just how cruel the Evanuris were.
They made the Titans tranquil in order to mine them faster and build more, they imprisoned their fear and their rage and abused it, they enslaved dragons to become more powerful and live longer as well.
What they did to the Titans is inexcusable, and they did all of this before the Blight drove them even more mad and even more cruel, which they saw as an opportunity to gain even more power and control.
The lore in Dragon Age so far hasn't even truly scratched the surface when it comes to all the terrible things they have done, and nobody knows what the full consequences of their actions are.