The Demonization of Lilith
When we talk about the “life” of a spirit, or the “history” of a spirit, we have to divide it into two categories. The empirical history of that spirit’s relationships with various human cultures is first. The second is the mythology itself, which varies enormously from culture to culture and should in no way be taken literally.
Right now, we’ll have a look at how Lilith figures (or rather was forced) into Abrahamic mythology. This experience led to her becoming a patron not only of independent women, but of women abused for their womanhood. It also made her a bitter enemy, not of the Abrahamic God, but rather of patriarchy.
Lilith As Abrahamic Demon
Was Lilith literally abused by the domineering Adamah and driven to leave him, defying God’s plan and accepting a curse in the process? No. But she was defamed, demonized and cast in the role of victim, outcast, demon-lover and child-murderer by Abrahamic male religious authorities for centuries. Her spiritual children were slaughtered or enslaved, and the concept of woman as man’s equal partner was eradicated from that part of the world.
Those are enormous crimes. But they are crimes committed by patriarchal men, not the Most High. Lilith despises and defies patriarchal men, not the Most High. The problem is that patriarchal men can’t really see the difference. The argument is made that by refusing to return to Adamah, Lilith defied God, and thus became a demon.
However, this whole idea hinges on the supposition that the Most High is a complete dick who would send Lilith back to such a miserable situation. Does this sound like something a perfect, loving deity would do to their child, especially if they just had to rescue that child from the same situation?
The idea that she is a demon in defiance of God who is responsible for many plagues against women and children is an attempt to shoehorn the archetypal free woman into a narrative that defies its own internal consistency to make her into a villainess.
If we read into the account in The Alphabet of Ben Sira, we notice that Lilith’s last act before suddenly growing wings and being whisked off into the wilderness is to call out the Ineffable Name. According to the account, she used the Name without permission to steal some of God’s power so she could escape.
...despite the fact that nobody, not even Lucifer, had ever been able to pull that trick even with a lot more power and motivation.
The idea of her misusing God’s power is the root of a whole lot of Lilith’s demonization, but it’s also one enormous reach after another, with little to no connection to older stories.Â
Let’s go back to basics. What is the number one reason that you would call out the name of an omniscient deity?
To get the Most High’s attention, of course.
The Name is forbidden to mortals save for when the High Priest speaks it once a year within the Temple. But neither Lilith nor Adamah were mortal then. Her ability to escape, and to remain separated despite the original plan of the Most High, had a much simpler explanation than a theft of power.
She was calling for help.
The idea that she could steal and use the cosmic power for herself without the Most High’s knowledge or permission is ridiculous. The idea that she would call upon the one power who would let her leave if there was desperate need fits the situation much more. The idea that she would cry out to God for help and receive it is much more in line with the concept of the Most High being both a powerful and watchful Deity, and a just one.
Once Lilith was separated from Adamah, she could no longer be part of the plan for Adamah and had to remain remote from him and his wife and descendants. This was not a problem for her, nor a source of shame; what is considered an exile was an escape. The Abrahamic religious and occult scholars, all men of course, gave it all their own spin, since after all framing Adamah as the hero of the story instead of the one who first transgressed (and would go on to transgress further) was extremely important.
But what is convenient for those in power is usually not fully true, whether to the narrative itself or to the beings depicted. What was convenient in Lilith’s case was to turn her into a monster, a particular enemy of women and children, and a being who existed in defiance of God’s law. This became a part of the propaganda that kept “good” women in their place.
She is none of those things. She is not a pure and peaceful spirit, but unlike Adam and his new wife Eve, she didn’t screw up and get herself exiled, either. She remained immortal, free of Original Sin, and though unmated, she was also free. That bit about her constantly mating with demons and giving birth to thousands of dead babies a day...okay. How does the average guy depict his ex after she’s left?
Yeah. Let’s all take a moment to notice how post-Garden Lilith is depicted as the slutty abortion queen who is somehow both giving birth to a billion demon babydaddies’ bastards and is completely infertile and hates men and hates women and wants to strangle little babies in their cribs. Or why she still comes back to Adamah in his sleep to screw him because she can’t get enough of this dick and everybody knows it, dammit.
Hilariously, the description on Lilith’s activities after dumping Adamah sound like an amalgamation of every single insult tossed at every single woman who has ever realized her true worth and left a subpar boyfriend in the dust. The Alphabet’s authors and the rest of those boys had some serious ex issues to go along with their terror of independent women.
To the sons of Abrahamic traditions, Adamah’s desire to be the boss when the Most High had created him and Lilith as equal halves of a greater spiritual whole was not hubris or a defiance of God. It would not be viewed as any crime by men with a vested interest in furthering the idea of a male-favoring God in support of patriarchy. But we can see the glaring issues in their narrative very easily in modern day.
So consider instead a new approach to the narrative: that Lilith left the garden not because of exile, but because like an abused woman’s home, the haven for humanity had been made dangerous to her. This was thanks to Adamah’s refusal to acknowledge the equality that the Most High had gifted her from the beginning. Because of this, she was allowed to leave, and live away from the world that Adamah and his sons were making.
The various holes in the stories told in the Alphabet and similar texts as well as Abrahamic folklore provide a very weak argument for Lilith being a demonic force that attacks women. In fact, it’s pretty clear that even by the rules of those trying to demonize her, Lilith is not a demonic enemy of the Most High, and is certainly not responsible for what is now recognized as crib death and deaths from early child abuse.
So what is Lilith in the Feminist reading of the Abrahamic myths?
Lilith is the wild woman. She is the woman who will only love a man as an equal, and will walk away if he tries to dominate her. She is the abused woman breaking free. She is the battered woman fighting back. She does not despise all men, nor love all women, but she will always favor women.
She is not the enemy of Eve. As the serpent in the garden, she returns to a dangerous place in order to bring the bitter gift of knowledge to her sister. She does this out of sympathy for Eve, who loves a man but suffers time and again because of his bullshit. In doing so, in making Eve self-aware, she is not betraying or corrupting her, but instead allowing her to make free and conscious choices instead of blindly remaining an appendage of her husband.
Interestingly, Eve is not immediately banished for eating the fruit, for Adamah had neglected to warn her against it, and so had God. She had to know that something was forbidden to act against God. But when she offers to share the knowledge with him, Adamah takes it while knowing fully that it’s not allowed. Only then are both banished and made mortal.Â
If Eve had not shared, or if Adamah had refused, would they have been banished? If Lilith had instructed Eve and empowered her with knowledge, but she had not then passed on the gift to her beloved but egotistical mate, what would have happened? Would Eve have lived on an immortal life in the garden, forever more enlightened and powerful than her dull-witted mate and their offspring? Was that what Lilith was shooting for--Eve’s empowerment? Perhaps even in the hope of creating a more suitable companion than Adamah?
There’s a lot that can be done with the bits and pieces of the Abrahamic narrative that Lilith appears in, if you strip it of its soul-crushing misogyny and attempts at demonization. Ultimately, though, it all leads to the question: why were the descendants of Adamah so desperate to demonize any example of womanhood that demanded equality?
I think we all know the answer.Â