slope point, the southernmost tip on new zealand’s south island, is hit with such persistently violent southern antarctic winds that trees grow in the leeward direction. (click pic or link for credit x, x, x, x, x, x)
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slope point, the southernmost tip on new zealand’s south island, is hit with such persistently violent southern antarctic winds that trees grow in the leeward direction. (click pic or link for credit x, x, x, x, x, x)

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a couple months ago someone sent me an ask asking if I’d ever heard of Boquila trifoliolata and I was like ‘no way. this can’t be real’ and i looked it up and it was and I forgot about it until just now when my supervisor and I got sidetracked and I looked it up again to prove to her that it’s real and found out that not only does this plant vaguely mimic the leaves of whatever plant it’s vining on, it does it when it climbs on fake plants too so any theories about how it does it that include gene transfer or chemicals or touching it in any way are just out the window and those were like, the only theories the original researchers had about how it might be doing it. so anyway I am screaming and crying and whatnot
Well it's gotta be shaded by the leaves of the plant it's climbing on so... so somehow... uh... no that's stupid, how on earth would you pick leaf shape out of random shadowy noise. Uh. Um SHIT THEY ALSO THINK IT'S "PLANT VISION" THOUGH: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/15592324.2021.1977530
Leaf Mimicry in the Climbing Plant Boquila trifoliolata
Pictures of the twining vine B. trifoliolata co-occurring with woody species in the temperate rainforest of southern Chile, where leaf mimicry in terms of size, color, and/or shape is evident. White arrows point to the vine (V) and to the host tree (T).
sometimes I forget orchids grow on trees and I’m like. oh.
They do what now?
in the wild, most orchids grow on tree bark, a fact which will never not bring me a profound sense of delight
interestingly, orchids aren’t parasites–they are just harmless squatters hanging out with their arboreal buddies. it’s a form of commensalism–one organism benefits, the other neither benefits nor is harmed.
OK but orchids ARE parasites. They just aren’t parasites on trees. All orchids have this very bizzare lifecycle where they begin life as parasites on fungi. Here’s the rough strategy:
1. There’s a tradeoff between how much nutrients can be in a single seed and how many seeds you can make. On one end is the double coconut, the largest seed in the world weighing as much as a small child but each double coconut palm tree makes relatively few seeds per individual per season. OR. Make a fuckton of seed that individually cost very little to make. A lot of your small nonwoody plants chose this option, grasses, dandelions, any little weeds usually.
2. But there’s a limit to how far you can push this.
3. And by god orchids crossed it.
4. Orchid seeds are so fucking small they don’t have the energy stores to fucking germinate.
5. Orchid seeds are so small that they only consist of a few cells that haven’t decided who’s going to be roots or leaves yet.
6. And this is great! If you preferred habitat is in trees where the ability to disperse from one treetop to the next and find the right little spot on that tree to survive as a seedling for a few years is really hard. Lots of seed that can float on the wind and find just that spot is great for that.
7. But shit for actually, you know, being alive.
8. But orchids are crafty bastards.
9. Most plants try very hard not to be colonized by fungi, thats usually not good.
10. But orchid seeds just let fungi in.
11. And how the turn tables.
12. Because they just start eating the fungi back.
13. And this is where it gets weird.
14. Orchids are easily in the running for most diverse plant family at nearly 30,000 different species
15. And every single fucking one of them is like this.
16. And worse than that most of them are dependent on a single species of fungus to do this for them, so they produce millions of seeds just so that one might find the one right fungus.
17. And then after that anything can happen.
18. Some orchids are nice and start paying back their hosts onve they get big enough to phtotosynthesize with nice sugars.
19. Some orchids move on to as many as 30 other fungal species throughout their lives.
20. Some complete bastards keep being parasites after they are big enough to photosynthesize on their own. That’s right, a plant that can make its own food is stealing from something that lives on dead leaves.
21. Some orchids just never grow out of it, orchids have turned into permanent parasites more often than any other group of plants because they’re all parasites so becoming a full parasite is nbd.
22. And worse, most of these actually parasitize fungi that are symbiotic with forest trees that supply sugar to the fungi in return for better access to mineral nutrients, effectively making the orchids both parasites on the fungi and the trees, in a sense the whole ecosystem.
23. This leads to one more weird phenomenon. Mutant albino orchids unable to photosynthesize, of species that normally can photosynthesize, are often recorded as being able to reach maturity and flower without issue. because they just keep being parasites instead. Orchids can just. become parasites at will.
In conclusion orchids are just the weirdest fucking plants in the world. Technically all the above applies to this obscure group of ferns called the Ophioglossum family too. Same fucked up start out life as parasites and become independent (or not) later thing.
everyone needs to slowwww down and look at a fucking tree
A tree trunk throne in Kendall, England.
Doesn’t look safe for a mortal.
if you sit there you belong to the fae
That’s the Fae’s problem
That is such a strong, bold, confident statement and I respect you for it.

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Hedera helix, the common ivy, English ivy, European ivy, or just ivy Its purple-black berries, ripening in late winter, are an important food for pigeons and thrushes and poisonous to humans.
Mature English ivy in bloom
Pterocarpus Angolensis is a tree native to South Africa. It’s also commonly known as the bloodwood tree due to the fact that when it’s chopped or damaged, a deep red sap which looks eerily similar to blood, seeps from the tree. In fact, the purpose of the sap is to coagulate and seal the wound to promote healing, much like blood.
Propagating Pine Trees From Cuttings * Organically Ann
“ On our urban Homestead, one of our favorite pine tree branches broke so I decided to try and propagate the branches to grow more trees. I have had great success in the past with other trees and plants using this method. Thank you for watching. God bless! ”

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Heather beetle: a natural killer
Introduction of a biocontrol agent for heather. The process required to find an agent to control heather, food preference trials and the application process
“Scotch heather was planted in Tongariro National Park from 1912 to 1922 to provide a habitat for grouse. Although the birds were never introduced, the plant flourished and was soon widespread through the park’s red tussocklands. Heather forms dense stands, and shades out native plants.” [x]
Lifesaver tree - Holly (Ilex aquifolium)
Identifying Woodland Plants with Dominic Price
A short film looking at several key woodland indicator species and how to identify them.
How to identify Bell Heather (Erica cinerea)
Comparing Erica cinerea and Calluna vulgaris
How to identify Heather (Calluna vulgaris)

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How to Prune a Scotch Heather from NCG.AVI
How To Prune a Scotch Heather or Calluna - these techniques are also great for pruning Daboecia or Erica, though the flower stalks will look a little different.
Heather (Calluna Vulgaris)
Lorraine of Waggle Woods takes a look at the heather on the bogland at Drumduff and Drumnakilly mountain view