Verbs: Person who said it์/๋ + what they said & verb in plain form + ๊ณ ๋งํ์ด
So it becomes: ์น๊ตฌ๋ + ๊ทธ ์ํ๊ฐ ๋๋ฌด ์ข๋ค + ๊ณ ๋งํ์ด
Complete sentence: ์น๊ตฌ๋ ๊ทธ ์ํ๊ฐ ๋๋ฌด ์ข๋ค๊ณ ๋งํ์ด - My friend said that movie is really good
eg.ย ์ ์๋์ ํ์๋ค์ด ๋ฆ๊ฒ ๋์ฐฉํ๊ฒ ๋ค๊ณ ๋งํ๋ค - The teacher said the students will arrive lateย
You can also say who it was said to by adding them in along with ์๊ฒ/ํํ
/๊ป
eg. ์น๊ตฌ๋ ๋ํํ
๊ทธ ์ํ๊ฐ ๋๋ฌด ์ข๋ค๊ณ ๋งํ์ด - My friend told me that that movie is really good
Adjectives:ย Very similar to verbs but plain form of ํ๋ค endings is ํ๋ค and not ํ๋ค.
eg. ๋ด๊ฐ ์๋งํํ
๋๋ ์์๋ค๊ณ ๋งํ์ด - I told my mum that you are pretty
eg. ๋๋ ์ฌํํ ์ ์๋ค๊ณ ๋งํ์ด - I said I canโt travelย
Nouns (์ด๋ค): In the past tense, you just add ๋ค๊ณ ๋งํ์ด to the normal past tense endingย
eg. ๊ทธ ๋จ์๊ฐ ์ฑ์๋์ด์๋ค๊ณ ๋งํ์ด - That man said he was a teacher
In the present tense, ๋ค๊ณ becomes ๋ผ๊ณ ย
eg. ๊ทธ ๋จ์๊ฐ ์ฑ์๋์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋งํ์ด - That man said he is a teacher
In future tense, you use โ๊ฒ์ด๋คโ so it would become ๊ฒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋งํ์ด which can then be shortened to ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ ๋งํ์ด.
eg. ๋๋ ๋ฐฅ์ ๋จน์ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ ๋งํ์ด - I said I will eat
1. In spoken Korean,ย ๋งํ์ด is often shortened to just ํ์ด. The meaning is still the same.ย
2. In Korean it is also common to use quote form to say your thoughts or beliefs. Just change โ๋งํ์ดโ toย โ์๊ฐํดโ (I think) orย โ๋ฏฟ์ดโ (I believe)