Amethyst

How to make your world's magic make sense!

Magic in itself makes no sense, which is why we call it magic. With that being acknowledged, many authors have created their own science to the magic that they have come up with. There is no rule for your magic having to have rules to it, but the reader often will find your writing more interesting if there's lore for them to understand. It gives the fandoms something to argue about, meaning they’ll talk more about it. 

There are a few classic forms of magic that you’ll see, so I’ll go through each one that I know and explain how you can throw some logistics into this world you’re building. I would like to make a disclaimer that none of this information should be used in real life by someone who's not a certified scientist in a lab with safety precautions. If you try these things in real life, you’re an idiot and then I’ll have to take this down. Now let’s get into it!

First up is a well known classic and what some people would call elemental magic, which includes fire, ice, earth, air, and then you can even add dimensional, light, dark, forbidden, lunar, etc. if you want to get spicy. For these kinds of things, you can learn what elements you actually need for different reactions. 

One of my favorite examples is something that probably got me on a watch list for researching, and I called it an explosion bomb spell. It’s when a thermite is placed on top of ice and ignited with the help of a flame, as the ice is immediately set on fire which causes a large amount of heat to be released in the form of an explosion. This would be water, earth, and fire magic. 

The next example is what I called a fire breeze, which is a reaction between diethyl zinc (chemical element) and water, air, or anything else that can accept 2 electrons OR one proton. Another is one that is debatably worse than the bomb one is called land mine, which is the careful reaction of iodine and ammonia, by reacting iodine with an aqueous ammonia solution. The result is an extremely sensitive contact explosive.

Another form of magic is alchemy, which is defined as the medieval forerunner of chemistry, based on the supposed transformation of matter. I’m going to tell you a bunch of alchemical reactions you can use in your stories, which includes some kind of chemical or element being mixed with heat, physical contact, etc… Since this includes so many possibilities, I’m going to include 4 of my personal favorites. 

First is Nitrogen Triiodide and physical contact. The compound is formed through the careful reaction of iodine and ammonia, by reacting iodine with an aqueous ammonia solution. The result is an extremely sensitive contact explosive. Small amounts will explode with a loud, sharp snap when touched even lightly with a feather, releasing a purple cloud of iodine vapor.

Next is Ammonium Dichromate and Heat, which when ignited decomposes exothermically, producing sparks, steam, and nitrogen gas, like a mini volcanic eruption. It also produces green chromium (lll) oxide "ash." Ammonium dichromate has been used in pyrotechnics, photography, and lithography. It can also be used as a mordant for dyeing pigments.

Next and one of my personal favorites is potassium chlorate and sugar, which can be represented by a gummy bear experiment you may or may not have heard about. Gummy bears would be dropped into potassium chlorate, then a drop of sulfuric acid added as a catalyst, and you then get two chemicals that are reacting violently with each other. They release large quantities of heat energy, forming a spectacular purplish flame, and a great deal of smoke in a combustion reaction.

Finally I have NaK Alloy, a metal alloy that is formed through mixing sodium and potassium without air, and water. The heat given off by this reaction rapidly melts the sodium and potassium and is often enough to ignite the hydrogen gas produced. It might go off in air normally, but when you add water you get a much better explosion. 

Our last form of magic is going to be what I refer to as basic matter creation, which basically consists of each person having a specific type of magic. It’s similar to what you see with the magic books in Black Clover, or the Chakra you see in Naruto. It doesn’t have to be genetic though, and you can form it out however you want and still get some science in there. 

With this form you want to use more physics and chemistry, as these are quite literally the sciences of all physical matter. I have to say that this is quite literally my least favorite type of science based magic, but I’m still going to explain it to the best of my abilities. I’ll start with stating the states of matter, including the ones you don’t see in your day to day lives. 

Solid has a defined shape and volume, liquid has a defined volume but no defined shape, and then gas lacks both defined shape and volume. Those are the three you’ve known for your whole life, as it defines the surface world that lives around us. The next few are more complicated and will include detailed descriptions, so take that as you will. 

Plasma lacks both defined shape and volume, however the particles are charged electrically and are separated by longer distances. An example of plasma would be lightning and the aurora. Next is glass, which is an amorphous solid intermediate that is between a crystalline lattice and a liquid. It’s only occasionally referred to as a different state of matter though. 

Next we have a superfluid, which is a secondary liquid state that only occurs at absolute zero, meaning it has zero viscosity. This means it moves around with zero friction, making it faster and lighter than your average liquid. Next is dropleton, also known as a quantum fog, because it has electrons and holes that flow much like a liquid. I believe this might include the fog you get from incense that flows like water, but I can’t find any evidence to confirm this. 

The last form of matter is actually the state of not being matter at all! It’s called gravitational singularity, and it’s used to describe the center of a black hole. It is not a state of matter, but it has to be noted because it’s still an ‘object’ formed by mass and energy that lacks matter. 

Good Evening Everyone!

Today I’m bringing you some information on how to make fire hotter, so if you have any magic using OC’s that you want to be stronger than other fire users but also want to keep it somewhat scientifically grounded then you’re in luck! Really though, I’m not sure why I researched this so much, but it worked great for my science teacher OC that I threw into an isekai. Now, without further ado, let’s get into this!

We’re going to start low and pick it up over time, so let’s start with basic wood. It ignites at 300°C (572 degrees Fahrenheit), and once it starts burning it stays around 800°C to 950°C (1472 to 1742 degrees Fahrenheit ). Beech wood burns hottest at 950°C, while western red cedar burns coldest at 354°C, and your classic oak burns at 900°C. Next we have coal, which burns at 1,100°C (2,012 degrees Fahrenheit). A candle burns at 1,000°C. 

Okay, now let's get to the actually interesting things since we have established a base point! I’ll be continuing in only Celsius, so I apologize for any of you who only know fahrenheit. 

There are tons of types of fuels that are used to create hot flames, but which ones are the hottest? First we can start with butane, which burns at 1970°C. Next is Oxyhydrogen, which burns at 2,000°C, carbon monoxide that burns at 2,121°C, hydrogen that burns at 2,660°C, Propylene which burns at 2870°C, MAPP which burns at 2980°C, and Acetylene that burns at 3,100°C. The hottest fuel though is dicyanoacetylene, or carbon subnitride, which burns at 4,990°C. 

The core of the sun is only about 10,000, but the sun's heat peaks on the edges where it burns at (roughly) 15,000,000°C. 

If you’re wondering what flames burn what color, I’ll give you that information too. Red flames are 600°C-800°C, orange are 1100°C, yellow is 1200°C, blue are 1400°C-1650°C, indigo are just under 1650°C, white are 1300°C-1500°C, and purple is over 1650°C. 

What chemical reactions make these colors you ask? Red is caused by strontium chloride or strontium nitrate, orange is caused by burned carbon particles or calcium chloride, yellow is caused by sodium chloride, green is caused by copper or barium, blue is caused by copper chloride, indigo is caused by indium, white is caused by magnesium sulfate, and purple is caused by potassium nitrate mixed with potassium sulfate. 

Poisonous Plants!

Do you want to use poison in one of your stories? Want to know how it would feel to be poisoned by them so you can truly encompass the suffering they’re in? Keep reading and I’ll give you all the information you could possibly need! I’m not giving you any basic poison ivy, I’m giving you a list full of  plants that can kill.

Now of course I do not recommend you try and purchase/find any of these plants, so with that in mind, let’s get into six of the most powerful poisons you can find in wild plants! 

We’re starting off with a classic, the beautiful Lily of The Valley flower is a type of white bell-like flower that grows on a long green stem. The scent is described as sweet, fresh, and floral, which makes it even more tempting to the wandering eye. What you might not expect when picking these flowers is that every part of the plant, from the stem to the berries, are extremely poisonous. You can find over 40 different cardiac glycosides (a class of organic compounds that increase the heart's output by force) in the plant, and if you consume it then you’re going to be having a rough time. Symptoms include blurry vision, diarrhea, vomiting and nausea, disorientation, drowsiness, headaches, red skin rashes, excessive salivation, sudden alterations in your cardiac rhythm and possible death. 

Next we will go to the foxglove flower, which is a bell shaped flower that grows on a long stem like the Lily of the Valley, except the difference is that it’s longer and a shade somewhere in between white, pink, and purple. All parts of these plants are poisonous as well when consumed, since they contain deslanoside, digitoxin, and digitalis glycoside. These chemicals cause poisoning, heart attacks, or death. 

Let’s crank it up a notch and look at the Snakeroot, a small spiky white flower that grows in small handfuls on a bush. Unlike the previous flowers, this one has a foul scent of old fruit that attracts insects. The toxin in effect, tremetonel, causes violent vomiting, delirium, severe thirst, and finally death. Be sure not to confuse it with tramadol, which is an opioid used to help with moderate pain. They have very different effects. 

The next one isn’t actually a flower, as the Rosary Pea is a small red bean shaped pea that grows on grayish brown leaves. It contains a natural poison called abrin, an extremely toxic toxalbumin, in the seeds. This will cause someone to begin sweating heavily and have a dramatically lower blood pressure, which keeps oxygen from reaching the brain and other vital organs in a condition called shock. Respiratory failure may occur, which can be fatal within 36 to 72 hours. The scent isn’t very notable to humans. 

Next we have Aconite, also known as wolfsbane, a luxurious looking purple flower that was used on arrows by the ancient Greeks when they were hunting wolves. Unlike the previous plants, just touching the plant can cause severe symptoms. Ingesting them, though, makes it much worse. The effects are immediate and begin with a burning in the mouth, followed by drooling, vomiting and diarrhea, until over time numbness, tingling, irregular heartbeat and ultimately death from respiratory failure come.

Finally I’ll tell you about the Deadly Nightshade, which is a relative of your everyday potatoes and tomatoes, and like them it contains the glycoalkaloid poison solanine. You need to eat a ridiculous amount of bad tomatoes or potatoes to get poisoned by them though. Five berries normally is enough to kill an adult, but the effects of the poison aren’t instant and may take from several hours to days to kick in. The symptoms are dilated pupils, blurred vision, dry mouth, hallucinations, loud heart beats, aggressive behavior, convulsions, coma and possibly death. 

Good Evening Everyone!

Today I’m bringing you all a list of monsters and mythical creatures for you all to use in your fantasy stories! These creatures come from quite literally every religion, culture, mythology, and even some wide known ghost stories. Because I’m very kind, I’m going to organize the creatures by hostility and whether or not they are actual monsters or anything similar to a spirit or fairy. I won’t waste any more time, so let’s get into this! 

We’re starting off with the gnarlier creatures, the first one being an Arachne. Arachne are a fairly mainstream monster, being a gigantic spider with the torso and head of a woman. They’re often made to be attractive women these days though, but the traditional one is normally an off putting middle aged woman. 

Similar to the snake woman is a Lamia, which is the same concept except with a snake body. They can often be seen as hot women as well, but from what I’ve seen they’re often depicted as older women. If you thought we were done with the half woman half monsters, you were wrong! We also have Harpies, but unlike what you normally see, they’re much creepier than the harpies you see in anime and such.

Then we have a thunderbird, a bird that shoots lightning, a phoenix which is literally just a flaming bird, and then a wendigo, a creature I don’t think I can really describe. Wendigos were basically once humans and became long lanky monsters after consuming a significant amount of human flesh. You can’t forget sandworms though, they’re gigantic worms that sometimes excrete some kind of poison that makes them even more threatening than a giant violently flailing worm.

Unlike the worm, there's the Night Cobra, which is deadly without poison, and is a snake that only comes out at night. These snakes are normally gigantic though, and their main diets consist of livestock and the occasional human. We then have a Basilisk, which is a big one in mythology. Pictured as a gigantic green serpent that occasionally has legs, you can find them in many modern day works of literature like Harry Potter.

Then we got some aquatic beings, first being a Karkinos, which is a giant crab, and then a Kelpie, a violent horse that lives in the water. Another aquatic animal is a Bunyip, which looks like an aquatic saber toothed tigers, and rampage about, attacking anything in the swamp they live in. 

Speaking of seafood, we also have Akkorokamui, a gigantic octopus said to be 390 feet long. This guy will gobble up any boat or whale in a single bite. There's then the Sea Serpent, which is a giant eel at the bottom of the ocean, and then of course the Kraken that’s the same as Akkorokamui except it is a squid. Cthulhu is a creature straight from H. P. Lovecraft, but one much longer standing ancient beast is a Leviathan. Straight from the christian bible is the OG biblical sea monster of which only one exists. 

We also have a class of what I like to call the women offenders. They often get classified together, but if we’re going by size and strength then at the bottom are Goblins, which are easily killed. As for the Ogres and Orcs, they are often similar although I’ve seen more orcs with regenerative powers than Ogres. The reason these guys are women offenders is because, for some reason, certain fandoms have made some explicit lore behind them. Unlike them, though, are Trolls, which are hideous little creatures from Scandinavia that occasionally can be helpful. They’re generally malicious though. 

Next is what I’d consider tamable creatures that are often depicted as violent. They’re beasts only the truly powerful can tame, and if you’re not up to the task then you’ll never be able to tame these things. One of my personal favorites is a Sleipnir, which is an 8 legged black horse and a descendant of the Greek god Loki. They fly through any sky and can swim through any sea. We also have Griffins, creatures with the head, talons, and wings of an eagle and the body of a lion. 

There are also Dragons. If you don’t know of them then watch any medieval movie ever. 

Then there's Gargoyles, stone servants that guard buildings, a Sphinx, which values intelligence for some reason, and Elephant Koi, which are giant Koi fish you can tame and drive. Unlike the previous creatures, Oozlum birds, which fly backwards, and Caladrius, a white bird for royals that prevents illness, aren’t violent on sight. There are also Slimes, which technically are violent but in most situations are considered low level monsters if monsters at all.

Our next category are non-human creatures that live in societies like humans do, so let’s just get straight into them! First we have Demi-Humans, which are just humans with animal characters. There’s vampires, humans that drink blood, mermaids, humans with fish tails, demons, humans with a long list of issues, werewolves, a more intricate version of a demi-human, and then Valkyries, which are like angels that throw hands. You can also say that your typical Elf or Dwarf  is in this category, but they’re creatures of earth like fairies even though they live like humans so it’s hard to classify really. 

Now that we finished that, we have arrived at my favorite category in which I call fairies and fairy-adjacent creatures. There are a lot of these so let's get into some more rapid fire listings! Gandharvas, male nature spirits that sing, Dryads, which are basically tree spirits, Nixies, aka water spirits, Sylphs, which are the souls of dead virgin women, Gahe, healing creatures that live inside mountains, Daimons, helpful spirit guys, Dracae, water spirits that like making kitchen utensils float, and then Btsan, fierce sky spirits in Tibet that look like red hunters riding red horses. Finally, and one of my favorites, are Veela, which are beautiful mountain nymphs that dance in the forest under the moonlight.