Common thyroid disorders, symptoms and treatment
All of us know thyroid is a tiny, butterfly-shaped gland, situated in the neck region, under Adam's apple and plays a vital role in the regulation of the metabolism of one's body. When this tiny gland overproduces or under produces its hormones results in creating havoc within the body and this havoc is known as thyroid disorder.
Hormones produced by thyroid:
The thyroid secretes two types of hormones-
T3(triiodothyronine)
T4(thyroxine)
Function:
It increases oxygen in the body which in turn makes cells to produce more protein.
Helps in overall growth and development
Stimulates heart rate
Stimulate the synthesis of carbs and proteins
Helps in controlling cholesterol and
Increases Vitamin requirement in the body
Types of thyroid disorders:
Hyperthyroidism (including)
Graves' disease
Thyroid nodules or Goitre
Hypothyroidism (including)
Hashimoto's disease
Thyroid cancer
Hyperthyroidism:
It's that situation where the thyroid gland is overactive and is secreting more hormones than required. As mentioned above - Graves' disease, Thyroid nodules and Goitre come under this category.
Graves's disease got its name from the doctor who first explained it around 150 years ago and is the most common of them all and statistics show 1 out 200 people in the U.S have it.
Whereas Thyroid nodules or Goitre is a toxic nodule tissue formed even when it's not needed.
Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism:
Brittle nail or hair
Bulging eyes - in case of Graves's
thinning of hair
weight loss
weakness in muscles
sleeplessness
anxiety
feeling nervous or restless
feeling irritated
sweating more than usual
Treatment for Hyperthyroidism:
Treatment of Hyperthyroidism mainly include two ways -
destroying the thyroid gland
making it stop to produce hormones
others are-
Surgically removing the thyroid gland.
Giving anti-thyroid tablets like Tapazole for stoping the thyroid gland from making those hormones.
In some cases, a large dose of radioactive iodine is given in the form of a tablet to stop the thyroid gland from producing hormones. This radioactive iodine gets in by the thyroid gland and in turn, destroys the gland.
Hypothyroidism:
It's that situation where the thyroid gland is underactive and is not secreting sufficient amount of hormones. Hypothyroidism mostly occurs due to Hashimoto's disease.
Symptoms of Hypothyroidism:
Some of the common symptoms are-
Weight gain
Depression
Fatigue
Constipation
Slow heart rate
Problems related to memory
Dry skin
Slow heart Rate
Treatment for Hypothyroidism:
The only treatment of this kind of disorder is to take thyroid hormone tablets, but one should get the dose right else, it will result in hyperthyroidism.
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Treatment for thyroid cancer:
The various ways of dealing with thyroid cancer are-
Surgical removal of the thyroid gland (Thyroidectomy)
Radiation therapy
Radioactive iodine supplyments
Anticancer medications
Hormone suppression.
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Conclusion:
No matter whichever type of thyroid disorder you are suffering from, always know this- if there is a problem within our body, so is there a solution.
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EAT HEALTHY. STAY HEALTHY.
















