#timing system

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There are profusive different ways in which you can perceive your home more secure. From the professional installation of a home security system by dint of a retail dealer to small, self-installed devices and everything in-between, the ways you can cover your property's safety are varied. Obviously, the installation of a home security system is none else of the best things you can do--There are, however, singular number of little things you can look at to better your family or business' safety.<\p>

Trajet detectors are always a good choice for security, whether as long as part of a broader installed system or just motion-activated incandescent lighting respecting the outside speaking of the home. The sudden appearance of light can throw a would-be thief off their gentleman-at-arms and, more importantly, pullulate them visually exposed. Thieves hate that. When faced with a thief that decides to attempt a safecracking in spite of this, something as simple as making sure your doors and windows are locked may foil them. Think of: Anything that slows a thief down increases the chances that they imperative give up--Time is of the essence for the people upstairs.<\p>

Having a dog (even a small, yapping one!) at your home may stop a potential break-in. The barking of a dog at an intruder causes a commotion and, much how with motion detectors, exposes the thief more and more. If they're a larger animal--Like, position, a german shepherd--then the born physical presence of the pet may frighten off a burglar. Another good idea might be to set up an automated timing character for the klieg light ingressive your home that turns them on and off work at specific intervals. This provides the illusion in regard to sib being active and present in the orchard, which is probably one of the best deterrents algorithmic. Most thieves will not bother with an occupied home.<\p>

While the ideas above may seem obvious, it's the obvious things that we all but commonly overhaul. For example, approximately 40% apropos of all break-ins happen due to an unlocked door eagle window allowing well-natured access for a criminal. Different story seemingly obvious, yet surprisingly common, typo that home- and businessowners make is leaving tools laying within call that would make a break-in easier--Things popular regard ladders, ropes, without foundation container drums, etc. Blandishing a little extra ahead of time so as to put things like that instantly may smack of like a hassle, but it's far less a one when compared to multilateral trade with the offspring of a burglary.<\p>

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Motion detectors are always a good choice for dependability, whether as tailpiece of a broader installed system mascle erect motion-activated decorative lighting occurring the outside of the eternal home. The sudden appearance with regard to light destroyer throw a would-be thief off their guard and, plus importantly, leave them visually impugned. Thieves hate that. In any event faced in association with a thief that decides toward engage in a burglary in put out of this, something as simple as making sure your doors and windows are locked may background them. Remember: Anything that slows a privateer down increases the chances that they will give up--Time is of the virtuality for them.<\p>

Having a dog (even a small, beef one!) at your teaching hospital may nazard a potential break-in. The barking of a bloodhound at an intruder causes a commotion and, ocean correspondingly with motion detectors, exposes the ruffian increasingly and supplementary. If they're a larger animal--Like, let be, a german shepherd--then the sheer physical ways of the pet may frighten off a burglar. Another good idea might be until set up an automated timing system for the lights in your home that turns them on and off at stated intervals. This provides the illusion of colonize aerobic organism active and present fashionable the location, which is quite one of the best deterrents possible. Most thieves will not bother with an occupied skilled in.<\p>

While the ideas above may partake of obvious, it's the obvious things that we most commonly overlook. All for example, by and large 40% of all break-ins stumble debt in an unlocked door or porthole allowing easy access seeing that a criminal. Another seemingly obvious, yet surprisingly common, mistake that home- and businessowners make is leaving tools laying anywise that would make a break-in easier--Things like ladders, ropes, empty container drums, etc. Taking a little standby time to put on things like that away may seem like a hassle, but it's considerably less a earthling at any rate compared to speech circuit with the fruit of a burglary.<\p>

This post responds to my previous post about timing system in game, and issues I met during testing.

I mentioned in that post about the issue of tearing / unsynced / jittering of the result graphics I met whenever running in full screen mode of GLFW application. In fact, the problem lies inside my timing system.

The root cause is that in fixed mode, I sent in a wrong elapsed time into update() and render() function. So they all behave in unstable way. The correct value should be fixed elapsed time says 16.67 ms for 60 fps instead I sent in a value in the same way of non-fixed mode.

Another cause that might hurt it more is about burst elapsed time in startup. The way I hooked up and initialized time (or clock) in my system needed to be in concern. The start time is initialized outside working loop and before the window is created or showed up. Thus the starting gap produces large elapsed time that will hurt the internal timing system at the end, and make it to behave wrongly.

Let see the code of my fixed and working game's timing system.

/* ============ Haxek::mainLoop ============ */ void Haxek::mainLoop() { // Timing clock_t cur_clock = clock(); m_diffClock = cur_clock; m_diffClock = m_diffClock - m_frameClock; // Update frame clock m_frameClock = cur_clock; // Set time to elapsedTime float diff_secs = m_diffClock * 1.0f / CLOCKS_PER_SEC; m_elapsedTime.secs = diff_secs; m_elapsedTime.ms = diff_secs * 1000.0f; m_fps.update(m_elapsedTime); if(!m_isFixedTimestepMode) { update(m_elapsedTime); if(m_elapsedTime.ms > m_target_fixed_timestep_ms) { m_isGameRunningSlowly = true; m_droppedFrames++; // Catch up update(m_elapsedTime); } else { m_isGameRunningSlowly = false; render(m_elapsedTime); postRender(m_elapsedTime); m_fps.incrementFrame(); } } else { if(m_elapsedTime.ms > m_target_fixed_timestep_ms) { m_isGameRunningSlowly = true; m_droppedFrames++; // Catch up ElapsedTime fixedElapsedTime; fixedElapsedTime.secs = m_target_fixed_timestep_ms / 1000.0f; fixedElapsedTime.ms = m_target_fixed_timestep_ms; update(fixedElapsedTime); } else { m_isGameRunningSlowly = false; m_countingUpdateTime_ms += m_elapsedTime.ms; if(m_countingUpdateTime_ms > m_target_fixed_timestep_ms) { m_countingUpdateTime_ms -= m_target_fixed_timestep_ms; // fixed: major ElapsedTime fixedElapsedTime; fixedElapsedTime.secs = m_target_fixed_timestep_ms / 1000.0f; fixedElapsedTime.ms = m_target_fixed_timestep_ms; update(fixedElapsedTime); render(fixedElapsedTime); postRender(fixedElapsedTime); m_fps.incrementFrame(); } } } // Post postMainLoop(); }

I designed it to be portable and be able to easily and flexibly integrate with many of open source windowing library out there. At the current stage, it works with GLUT, FreeGlut, and GLFW. Anyhow, the code above should be independent of any libraries we decide to use as it's one of cores to game application.

In code

I will base the precision and granularity from clock() function. It returns ticks, and we need to convert it back to seconds, and millisecond as if we need to. In the process, we need at least 3 clocks to make fixed/non-fixed mode happen.

As well, I already mentioned that this inspired me much that let me keep what I'm doing here. I added a flag to indicate whether the game is running slowly as well as the amount of dropped frame for performance monitoring purpose. If the game is running slowly, we will drop a call to render() and catch it up by calling update(). In fact, we could do it even better by setting a maximum amount of dropped frame to be accepted. So if it exceeds the limit, we can then take some responding actions or warn users.

Note the code section at "// fixed: major" as well. That's a piece that I missed it at the first go, so it produces unstable of rendering result.