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You’re looking at the most detailed images ever taken of the surface of our sun. Captured by the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope in Hawaii, these images show a surface that contains “boiling gas pocked with magnetic storms that crackle, whirl and lash space with showers of electrical particles and radiation.” Each one of these kernels is around the size of Texas.

Researchers from institutes in Germany and Greece reported a mechanism in the brain's outer cortical cells that produces a novel 'graded' signal all on its own, one that could provide individual neurons with another way to carry out their logical functions.

By  measuring the electrical activity in sections of tissue removed during surgery on epileptic patients and analysing their structure using fluorescent microscopy, the neurologists found individual cells in the cortex used not just the usual sodium ions to 'fire', but calcium as well.

This combination of positively charged ions kicked off waves of voltage that had never been seen before, referred to as a calcium-mediated dendritic action potentials, or dCaAPs.

"There was a 'eureka' moment when we saw the dendritic action potentials for the first time," said Larkum.

Source:-sciencealert

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A team led by physicists from Oxford University analyzed data from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and discovered that a subatomic particle can switch between matter and antimatter, Antimatter, which is differentiated by having the opposite charge to normal matter, is composed of the antiparticles of normal matter. Some particles oscillate between being matter and antimatter via superposition, In a world-first discovery, it was found that the charm meson, a subatomic particle made out of a charm quark and an antiquark, can travel as a mixture of their particle and antiparticle states, all the while spontaneously switching between the two.

The new discovery was made thanks to stupefyingly precise measurements made by CERN's Large Hadron Collider – both states were differentiated by a minuscule difference in mass of just 0.00000000000000000000000000000000000001 grams.

The team set out to investigate between charm mesons that traveled further and those that dissipated sooner — charm mesons are produced during proton-proton collisions at the LHC, and they typically travel a few millimeters before they decay or transform into other particles.

During this investigation, the team identified the tiny differences in mass that decided whether a charm meson ends up as an anti-charm meson or not.

The northern lights arise when electrons from space cascade into the upper atmosphere, where they collide with oxygen and nitrogen molecules to paint the sky red and green. But it has been difficult to discern what, exactly, draws those electrons down toward Earth. For decades, scientists have suspected that electrons ride ripples in Earth’s magnetic field, called Alfvén waves, into the atmosphere, like tiny surfers catching waves to shore. But no satellite has ever directly observed this happening.

The team filled a 20-meter-long, 1-meter-wide tube with a soup of charged particles, or plasma. Electrical coils created a magnetic field running the length of the chamber. An antenna at one end of the instrument generated its own magnetic field, which essentially plucked the magnetic field lines within the canister to send Alfvén waves rippling through the plasma.

As expected, electrons in the plasma got swept up in the Alfvén waves and accelerated down the chamber.These results not only confirm the physics behind atmospheric light shows on Earth but may suggest how auroras form In place just as Jupiter and saturn, plasma physicist Schroeder says.

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