#research labs

Huge numbers of animals from factory farms and zoos to research labs and circuses show signs of mental illness, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and madness, such as repetitive hair plucking, self-mutilation, biting the bars of their cages, pacing, regurgitation and reingestion (repeatedly vomiting and eating it), and repetitive head bobbing. Autistic writer and primatologist Dawn Prince-Hughes describes seeing her own symptoms of exclusion and marginalization in the animals she watched and studied at the zoo: "I would see this kind of behavior with gorillas in captivity. They had nervous tics similar, if not identical, to mine: hair plucking, picking at scabs, scratching, rocking, chewing on themselves, and other repetitive self-stimulating behaviors. One gorilla spun in tight, fast circles. Another bobbed her head up and down." Such behavior is so common in captive animals that there is actually a diagnosis for it, zoochosis--psychosis caused by confinement. In fact, animals in zoos are regularly put on antidepressants and other pharmaceuticals. In her book 'Animal Madness: How Anxious Dogs, Compulsive Parrots, and Elephants in Recovery Help Us Understand Ourselves,' science historian Laurel Braitman exposes the widespread use of pharmaceuticals to help animals cope with captivity in zoos, aquariums, and research labs. Not surprisingly, zoos try to keep this information secret, with zookeepers often required to sign nondisclosure agreements. After all, as Braitman writes, "finding out that the gorillas, badgers, giraffes, belugas, or wallabies on the other side of the glass are taking Valium, Prozac, or antipsychotics to deal with their lives as display animals is not exactly heartwarming news." What we do know is that the animal pharmaceutical industry in the United States is booming (it brought in nearly $6 billion in 2010).

During my psychology research study appointment.

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