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Dr. Sally Lau Dr. Sally Lau MD Medical oncologist, NYU Langone’s Perlmutter Cancer Center Assistant professor of medicine NYU Grossman School of Medicine MedicalResearch.com: How big is the problem of lung cancer? Response: Amongst all cancer types, lung cancer is the number 1 killer in the US. MedicalResearch.com: Are there different types, and risk factors, for lung cancer?  Response:   Smoking is the most common risk factor for lung cancer. Smoking cessation programs have reduced lung cancer related deaths. The long-term effects of vaping are unknown. Increasingly, non-smokers are also getting lung cancers. The rising incidence is concerning. Some of the risk factors for non-smoker lung cancers are family history and air pollution. MedicalResearch.com: Are there symptoms of early lung cancer that patients should be aware of? Would you comment on recommendations for CT screening ie of high-risk patients? Response:  Early stage lung cancers are usually asymptomatic. In smokers, screening lung CTs help to diagnose cancers when they are still at an early stage and studies have shown that screening reduces lung cancer related deaths. There is no screening strategy for non-smokers, but studies are underway. MedicalResearch.com: How is treatment, and longevity, of lung cancer changing? Response:  Lung cancer is not just one disease. As we are learning more about its biology, we have new treatments that are much more effective with much less side effects. For many lung cancer patients with advanced disease the prognosis have dramatically improved, often measured in years with treatment. Our goal however, is to identify these patients earlier and treat with the new drugs to improve the cure rates. The information on MedicalResearch.com is provided for educational purposes only, and is in no way intended to diagnose, cure, or treat any medical or other condition. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health and ask your doctor any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. In addition to all other limitations and disclaimers in this agreement, service provider and its third party providers disclaim any liability or loss in connection with the content provided on this website.     Read the full article

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Bruce N. Cronstein, MD Paul R. Esserman Professor of Medicine NYU School of Medicine Director, NYU-H+H Clinical and Translational Science Institute Director, Division of Translational Medicine NYU Langone Health New York, NY 10016  MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? Response: Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis affecting about 10% of the adult population and 25% of the population over 60. We had previously found that adenosine, a molecule generated by nearly all cell types, is critical for maintaining cartilage health by activating specific adenosine receptors on the surface of cells (A2A receptors). Moreover, giving adenosine into the joint could prevent deterioration of cartilage (progression of osteoarthritis) in a rat model of osteoarthritis. Because people do not usually go for treatment of osteoarthritis until they have developed symptoms we asked whether administration of adenosine or adenosine that had been modified to be a more potent and specific stimulus for A2A receptors, carried in fat bubbles called liposomes, could reverse osteoarthritis after it had already started. MedicalResearch.com: Would you briefly explain what adenosine is? Response: Adenosine is a nucleic acid that, in modified form, is incorporated into DNA and RNA. Adenosine is also highly abundant in cells as an energy storage molecule (ATP). Read the full article