#ndau

Ndau (Cindau)

Basic facts

Number of native speakers: 2.4 million

Official language: Zimbabwe

Language of diaspora: Mozambique

Script: Latin, 24 letters

Grammatical cases: 0

Linguistic typology: agglutinative, SVO

Language family: Niger-Congo, Atlantic-Congo, Benue-Congo, Southern Bantoid, Bantu, Shona

Number of dialects: -

History

I was not able to find any information about the history of the language.

Writing system and pronunciation

These are the letters that make up the alphabet: a b c d e f g h i j k m n o p q r s t u v w x z.

Stress is normally placed on the penultimate syllable. A characteristic feature of Ndau is that very slightly rising intonation is frequently used at the end of sentences.

Grammar

Nouns have classes, two numbers (singular and plural), and no cases.

Noun complements follow the noun, while adpositions take the form of prepositions.

Verbs are conjugated for tense, mood (hortative, imperative, and indicative), person, and number.

Dialects

It’s the end of Dennis’ chase that baby lady away scheme when Dennis decides he’s gonna take off and ditch the gang after all the effort they put into helping him avoid becoming a father. It’s no matter to Mac, though. He knows Mandy’s number. AKA AU where Mac called Mandy up and went ‘where u at fam’, thereby tracking Dennis and going to North Dakota to find him, erasing at least a year of unseen canon angst *shudder*

Mozambique 🇲🇿

Basic facts

Official name: República de Moçambique (Republic of Mozambique)

Capital city: Maputo

Population: 34.1 million (2023)

Demonym: Mozambican

Type of government: unitary semi-presidential republic

Head of state: Filipe Nyusi (President)

Head of government: Adriano Maleiane (Prime Minister)

Gross domestic product (purchasing power parity): $53.71 billion (2023)

Gini coefficient of wealth inequality: 54% (high) (2014)

Human Development Index: 0.461 (low) (2022)

Currency: metical (MZN)

Fun fact: It is the only one-word country that includes all five vowels in its name.

Etymology

The country’s name comes from the Island of Mozambique, whose name derives from its ruler Mussa Bin Bique.

Geography

Mozambique is located in Southeast Africa and borders Tanzania to the north, the Indian Ocean to the east, Eswatini and South Africa to the southwest, Zimbabwe to the west, and Malawi and Zambia to the northwest.

There are three main climates: monsoon-influenced humid subtropical in the northwest and west, hot steppe in the west and southwest, and dry-winter tropical savanna in the rest. Temperatures range from 12 °C (53.6 °F) in winter to 34 °C (93.2 °F) in summer. The average annual temperature is 24.1 °C (75.3 °F).

The country is divided into one capital city (cidade capital) and ten provinces (provincias), which are further divided into 129 districts (distritos). The largest cities in Mozambique are Maputo, Matola, Nampula, Beira, and Chimoio.

History

1st-5th century: Bantu migrations

957-1513: Kilwa Sultanate

1430-1760: Kingdom of Mutapa

1480-1891: Kingdom of Maravi

1505-1975: Portuguese Province of Mozambique

1824-1895: Gaza Empire

1964-1974: Mozambican War of Independence

1975-1990: People’s Republic of Mozambique

1977-1992: Mozambican Civil War

1990-present: Republic of Mozambique

Economy

Mozambique mainly imports from South Korea, South Africa, and the United Arab Emirates and exports to India, the European Union, and South Africa. Its top exports are coal, aluminum, and dried vegetables.

It has gas, oil, and titanium reserves. Services represent 46.5% of the GDP, followed by agriculture (29.5%) and industry (23.9%).

Mozambique is a member of the African Union, the Commonwealth of Nations, the Community of Portuguese Language Countries, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, and the Southern Africa Development Community.

Demographics

The Shona are the largest ethnic group (38.1%), followed by the Makua (26.1%), Tsonga (12%), Nyanja (8.1%), Sena (4%), and Makonde (3.5%). The main religion is Christianity, practiced by 55.8% of the population, 27.2% of which is Catholic.

It has a negative net migration rate and a fertility rate of 4.8 children per woman. 38.2% of the population lives in urban areas. Life expectancy is 57.1 years and the median age is 17 years. The literacy rate is 60.7%.

Languages

The official language of the country is Portuguese, spoken natively by only 16.6% of the population. Indigenous languages include Chuwabo (4.7%), Lomwe (7.1%), Makhuwa (26.1%), Ndau (3.8%), Nyanja (8.1%), Sena (7.1%), Tsonga (8.6%), and Tswa (3.8%).

Culture

Traditional arts include wood carving and mask elaboration, as well as intricate dances that differ from tribe to tribe.

Men wear a shirt and pants. Women wear a short-sleeved dress or a blouse and a wrap-around long skirt (capulana) and a matching head wrap.

Architecture

Traditional houses in Mozambique have walls made of weaved bamboo and a conical thatched roof.

Cuisine

The Mozambican diet is based on corn, fish, meat, and vegetables. Typical dishes include bolo polana (cashew and potato cake), inteiro com piripiri (chicken in piri piri sauce), mucapata (mung beans, coconut milk, and rice), prego (a steak roll), and rissóis (battered shrimp).

Holidays and festivals

Mozambique celebrates New Year’s Day and Labor Day. Specific Mozambican holidays include Heroes’ Day on February 3, Women’s Day on April 7, Independence Day on June 25, Victory Day on September 7, Armed Forces Day on September 25, Day of Peace and Reconciliation on October 4, and Family Day on December 25.

Independence Day

Other celebrations include the AZGO Festival, which includes music, fashion shows, and movie screenings; the Kinani International Festival of Contemporary Dance, and the Marrabenta Festival, which showcases a style of dance music.

AZGO Festival

Landmarks

There is one UNESCO World Heritage Site: Island of Mozambique.

Other landmarks include the Iron House, Macaneta Beach, Maputo Central Railway Station, Maputo National Park, and the Vumba Mountain Range.

Maputo Central Train Station

Famous people

Al Bowlly - singer

Alberto Magassela - actor

Bineesh Vadavathy - cricket player

Eusébio - soccer player

Ingvild Mucauro - basketball player

Lina Magaia - writer

Maria Mutola - athlete

Mariza - singer

Rogério Manjate - movie director

Tasha de Vasconcelos - actress and model

Bineesh Vadavathy

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The Fruit of the Spirit (NDAU: Bible)

NDAU: Bible

Galatians (VaG) 5:22-23

22 Asi michero yoMweya rudo, kudakara, kunyarara, kusengerera, nyasha, kunaka, kugondeka,

23 kupfaa, kudzibata. Akuna mupango unorwisana nezvakadai.