The precise subject of this painting is not clear, but it appears to represent the Muses of epic and lyric poetry, Calliope and Erato. The figure on the right, Erato, is identified by her lyre—the attribute of the Muse of lyric and amorous poetry. The figure on the left is more difficult to identify because Conca did not follow closely the standard representations of allegorical figures. The presence of the globe and of the compass held by the winged goddess are attributes of Urania, the Muse of astronomy, while the book and crown of laurel are attributes of Calliope, the muse of epic poetry.