informal honorific conjugation.
the first type of honorific is the informal honorific. this way of speaking should only be used to the people you are close with. DO NOT use this with strangers, older people, acquaintances, or someone who has a higher (job) status than you. it is very disrespectful to use the informal honorific to the said people and this might cause a dispute between the speaker and the listener.
(note: the sentences used in this example are the same ones used in my post about conjugating in the plain form. click here if you havenโt seen that one yet!)
PRESENT TENSE
remove ๋ค and add ~์/์ด/์ฌ. ~์ is attached if the last vowel of the syllable ends inใ or ใ , ~์ดis attached if the last vowel of the syllable does not end in ใ or ใ , and ~์ฌ is attached if the last syllable of the word is ํ. however, for easier pronunciation, ํ + ~์ฌ =ํด.
1. ๋จน๋ค โ ๋จน + ์ด = ๋จน์ด ๊ณ ์์ด๋ ์์ ์ ๋จน์ด. the cat eats fish.
when the last letter of the stem is ใ , it is combined with ~์ 2. ๊ฐ๋ค โ ๊ฐ + ์ = ๊ฐ NOT ๊ฐ์ย ๋์ ์ฌ๋์์ ํ๊ต์ ๊ฐ. my sister goes to school.
3. ์ดํดํ๋ค โ ์ดํดํ + ์ฌ = ์ดํดํด ๋๋ ์ค๋ ์ํ์ ์ดํดํด. i understand math today.
4. ๋น์ธ๋ค โ ๋น์ธ + ์ = ๋น์ธ ๋ด๊ฐ ์ข์ํ๋ ๋ง์ด ๋น์ธ. the dress i like is expensive.
PAST TENSE
remove ๋ค and add ~์/์/์ + ์ด. remember that ํ + ~์ฌ = ํด.
5. ๋ซ๋ค โ ๋ซ + ~์ + ์ด = ๋ซ์์ด ๋๋ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ซ์์ด. i closed the door.
6. ๊ฐ๋ค โ ๊ฐ + ~์ + ์ด = ๊ฐ์ด NOT ๊ฐ์๋ค ๋์ ์ฌ๋์์ ํ๊ต์ ๊ฐ์ด. my sister went to school.
when the last letter of the stem is ใ , it is combined with ~์์ด to form ์์ด 7. ์ค๋ค โ ์ค + ~์ + ์ด = ์์ด NOT ์ค์์ด ๋์ ์์์ ๋๋์ด ์์ด.ย my food finally came.
8. ๋ณด๊ณ ์ถ๋ค โ ๋ณด๊ณ ์ถ + ~์ + ์ด = ๋ณด๊ณ ์ถ์์ด ๋๋ ๊ฐ์๊ธฐ ๋์ ๊ฐ์์ง๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ ์ถ์์ด. i suddenly missed my puppy.
when the last letter of the same is ใ , it is combined with ์์ด to form ์ ์ด 9. ๋ฐฐ์ฐ๋ค โ ๋ฐฐ + ~์ + ์ด = ๋ฐฐ์ ์ด NOT ๋ฐฐ์ฐ์์ด ๋๋ ์ผ๋ณธ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์ ์ด. i learned japanese.
when the last letter of the stem isใ , it is combined with ~์์ด 10. ๊ฑด๋๋ค โ ๊ฑด๋ + ~์ + ์ด = ๊ฑด๋์ด NOT ๊ฑด๋์์ดย ๋๋ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋์ด. i crossed the road.
when the last letter of the stem isใ ฃ, it is combined with ~์์ด to form ์์ด 11. ๋์ง๋ค โ ๋์ง + ~์ + ์ด = ๋์ก์ด NOT ๋์ง์์ด ๋๋ ๋์ ๋จ์์น๊ตฌ์ ๋ฐ์ง๋ฅผ ๋์ก์ด. i threw my boyfriendโs ring.
FUTURE TENSE
remove ๋ค and add ~๊ฒ ์ด.
12. ๊ฐ๋ค โ ๊ฐ + ~๊ฒ ์ด = ๊ฐ๊ฒ ์ด ๋๋ ๋์ค์ ๊ฐ๊ฒ ์ด. i will go later.
13. ๋๋ํ๋ค โ ๋๋ํ + ~๊ฒ ์ด = ๋๋ํ๊ฒ ์ด ๊ทธ ์๊ธฐ๋ ๋๋ํ๊ฒ ์ด. that baby will be smart.









