#korean tutorial

the first type of honorific is the informal honorific. this way of speaking should only be used to the people you are close with. DO NOT use this with strangers, older people, acquaintances, or someone who has a higher (job) status than you. it is very disrespectful to use the informal honorific to the said people and this might cause a dispute between the speaker and the listener.

(note: the sentences used in this example are the same ones used in my post about conjugating in the plain form. click here if you haven’t seen that one yet!)

PRESENT TENSE

remove 다 and add ~아/어/여. ~아 is attached if the last vowel of the syllable ends inㅏ or ㅗ, ~어is attached if the last vowel of the syllable does not end in ㅏor ㅗ, and ~여 is attached if the last syllable of the word is 하. however, for easier pronunciation, 하 + ~여 =해.

1. 먹다 — 먹 + 어 = 먹어 고양이는 생선을 먹어. the cat eats fish.

when the last letter of the stem is ㅏ, it is combined with ~아 2. 가다 — 가 + 아 = 가 NOT 가아  나의 여동생은 학교에 가. my sister goes to school.

3. 이해하다 — 이해하 + 여 = 이해해 나는 오늘 수학을 이해해. i understand math today.

4. 비싸다 — 비싸 + 아 = 비싸 내가 좋아하는 많이 비싸. the dress i like is expensive.

PAST TENSE

remove 다 and add ~았/었/였 + 어. remember that 하 + ~여 = 해.

5. 닫다 — 닫 + ~았 + 어 = 닫았어 나는 문을 닫았어. i closed the door.

6. 가다 — 가 + ~았 + 어 = 갔어 NOT 가았다 나의 여동생은 학교에 갔어. my sister went to school.

when the last letter of the stem is ㅗ, it is combined with ~았어 to form 왔어 7. 오다 — 오 + ~았 + 어 = 왔어 NOT 오았어 나의 음식은 드디어 왔어.  my food finally came.

8. 보고싶다 — 보고싶 + ~었 + 어 = 보고싶었어 나는 갑자기 나의 강아지를 보고싶었어. i suddenly missed my puppy.

when the last letter of the same is ㅜ, it is combined with 었어 to form 웠어 9. 배우다 — 배 + ~었 + 어 = 배웠어 NOT 배우었어 나는 일본어를 배웠어. i learned japanese.

when the last letter of the stem isㅓ, it is combined with ~었어 10. 건너다 — 건너 + ~었 + 어 = 건넜어 NOT 건너었어  나는 거리를 건넜어. i crossed the road.

when the last letter of the stem isㅣ, it is combined with ~었어 to form 였어 11. 던지다 — 던지 + ~었 + 어 = 던졌어 NOT 던지었어 나는 나의 남자친구의 반지를 던졌어. i threw my boyfriend’s ring.

FUTURE TENSE

remove 다 and add ~겠어.

12. 가다 — 가 + ~겠어 = 가겠어 나는 나줗에 가겠어. i will go later.

if you follow any kfans on twitter you might see them using this website to post their art/fics. it’s like an ao3+tumblr kind of site, and there’s lots of content for many different popular fandoms! 

this tutorial is specifically for an account for IP addresses outside of korea. if you live in korea (like me), the verification process for adult content is more complicated.

first to make an account!! 

conjugations are essential to every language as they help in indicating if an action is or has already happened. if you haven’t noticed, all verbs and adjectives with the syllable “다”; this is the dictionary form of the verb/adjective. removing 다 will leave the word with its stem.

the plain form is a type of conjugation that is mainly used in writing. it is rarely used in conversations but there are instances that this can be used more naturally. the plain form is often seen in news articles, magazines, tests, diary and/or journals, etc.

PRESENT TENSE (VERB)

when conjugating a verb into the present tense using the plain form, remove “다” and add ~ㄴ다 if the syllable ends in a vowel otherwise, add ~는다.

e.g.

1. 먹다 — 먹 + ~는다 = 먹는다 고양이는 생선을 먹는다. the cat eats fish.

2. 가다 — 가 + ~ㄴ다 = 간다 나의 여동생은 학교에 간다. my sister goes to school.

3. 이해하다 = 이해하 + ~ㄴ다 = 이해한다 나는 오늘 수학을 이해한다. i understand math today.

PRESENT TENSE (ADJECTIVE)

the present tense of an adjective in the plain form is the same as its dictionary form. there is nothing to add, remove, or change.

e.g.

4. 아름답다 = 아름답다 여자들은 다 아름답다. all women are beautiful.  

5. 비싸다 = 비싸다 내가 좋아하는 드레쓰는 많이 비싸다. the dress i like is expensive

PAST TENSE

the past tense of a verb/adjective can be conjugated by removing 다 and adding ~았다/었다/였다* at the end of the word. ~았다 is attached if the last vowel of the syllable ends inㅏ or ㅗ, ~었다 is attached if the last vowel of the syllable does not end in ㅏor ㅗ, and ~였다 is attached if the last syllable of the word is 하. however, for easier pronunciation, 하 + ~였다 = 했다.

e.g.

6. 닫다 — 닫 + ~았다 = 닫았다 나는 문을 닫았다. i closed the door.

when the last letter of the stem is ㅏ, it is combined with ~았다 7. 가다 — 가 + ~았다 = 갔다 NOT 가았다 나의 여동생은 학교에 갔다. my sister went to school.

when the last letter of the stem is ㅗ, it is combined with ~았다 8. 오다 — 오 + ~았다 = 왔다 NOT 오았다  나의 음식은 드디어 왔다. my food finally came.

9. 보고싶다 — 보고싶 + ~었다 = 보고싶었다 나는 갑자기 나의 강아지를 보고싶었다. i suddenly missed my puppy.

when the last letter of the same is ㅜ, it is combined with 었다 to form 웠다 10. 배우다 — 배우 + ~었다 = 배웠다 NOT 배우었다  나는 일본어를 배웠다. i learned japanese.

when the last letter of the stem isㅓit is combined with ~었다 11. 건너다 — 건너 + ~었다 = 건넜다 NOT 건너었다 나는 거리를 건넜다. i crossed the road.

when the last letter of the stem isㅣit is combined with ~었다 to form 였다 12. 던지다 — 던지 +  ~었다 = 던졌다 NOT 던지었다  나는 나의 남자친구의 반지를 던졌다. i threw my boyfriend’s ring.

13. 하다 — 하 + ~였다 = 했다 NOT 하였다  나는 어제 숙제를 했다. i did my homework yesterday.

FUTURE TENSE

for the future tense, remove 다 and attach ~겠다.

e.g.

14. 가다 — 가 + ~겠다 = 가겠다 나는 나중에 가겠다. i will go later.