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With Him are the keys of the unseen—no one knows them except Him. And He knows what is in the land and sea. Not even a leaf falls without His knowledge, nor a grain in the darkness of the earth or anything—green or dry—but is written in a perfect Record
Holy Qur’an, al-An’am 59
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O you who have believed, seek help through patience and prayer. Indeed, Allah is with the patient.
Quran 1:153
Whatever tests you're facing, if you don't put the Almighty in the equation, you'll never find ease. So instead of "why me?", turn to Him.
Mufti Ismail Menk
Daily Tafsir of Ibn Kathir
Expiation for Breaking the Oaths
Allah said,
(but He will punish you for your deliberate oaths. ) in reference to the oaths that you intend in your hearts,
(for its expiation (a deliberate oath) feed ten poor,), who are needy, not able to find necessities of the life. Allah’s statement,
(on a scale of the Awsat of that with which you feed your own families; ) means, “On the average scale of what you feed your families, ” according to Ibn ` Abbas, Sa` id bin Jubayr and ` Ikrimah. ` Ata’ Al-Khurasani commented on the Ayat, “From the best of what you feed your families”. Allah’s statement,
(or clothe them,) refers to clothing each of the ten persons with what is suitable to pray in, whether the poor person was male or female. Allah knows best . Al-` Awfi said that Ibn ` Abbas said that the Ayat means a robe or garment for each poor person (of the ten). Mujahid also said that the least of clothing, referred to in the Ayat, is a garment , and the most is whatever you wish. Al-Hasan, Abu Ja` far Al-Baqir, ` Ata’, Tawus, Ibrahim An-Nakha` i, Hammad bin Abi Sulayman and Abu Malik said that it means (giving each of the ten poor persons) a garment each. Allah’s statement,
(or free a slave) refers to freeing a believing slave. In the Muwatta’ of Malik, the Musnad of Ash-Shaf i` i and the Sahih of Muslim, a lengthy Hadith was recorded that ` Umar bin Al-Hakam As-Sulami said that he once had to free a slave (as atonement ) and he brought a black slave girl before the Messenger of Allah , who asked her;
(Where is Allah) She said, “Above the heavens. ” He said,
(Who am I) She said, “The Messenger of Allah. ” He said,
(Free her, for she is a believer. ) There are three types of expiation for breaking deliberate oaths, and whichever one chooses, it will suffice, according to the consensus (of the scholars). Allah mentioned the easiest , then the more difficult options, since feeding is easier than giving away clothes, and giving away clothes is easier than freeing a slave. If one is unable to fulfill any of these options, then he fasts for three days for expiation, just as Allah said,
(But whosoever cannot afford (that ), then he should fast for three days. ) Ubayy bin Ka` b and Ibn Mas` ud and his students read this Ayat as follows, “Then he should fast three consecutive days. ” Even if this statement was not narrated to us as a part of the Qur'an through Mutawatir narration, it would still be an explanation of the Qur'an by the Companions that has the ruling of being related from the Prophet . Allah’s statement,
(That is the expiat ion for the oaths when you have sworn. ) 5:89 means, this is the legal way to atone for deliberate oaths,
(And protect your oaths. ) Do not leave your broken oaths without paying the expiation for them, according to the meaning given by Ibn Jarir.
(Thus Allah makes clear to you His Ayat ) and explains them to you,
(that you may be grateful.)
(90. O you who believe! Khamr, Maysir, Ansab, and Azlam are a Rijs of Shaytan’s handiwork. So avoid that in order that you may be successful. ) (91. Shaytan wants only to excite enmity and hatred between you with Khamr and Maysir, and hinder you from the remembrance of Allah and from the Salah (the prayer). So, will you not then abstain) (92. And obey Allah and obey the Messenger, and beware. Then if you turn away, you should know that it is Our Messenger’s duty to convey in the clearest way. ) (93. Those who believe and do righteous good deeds, there is no sin on them for what they ate, if they have Taqwa and believe and do righteous good deeds, and they (again) have Taqwa and believe, and then (once again) have Taqwa and perform good. And Allah loves the good-doers. )
