Why we don't all have skin cancer from going outside
What is sunburn? Why does tanning give you skin cancer? The answer has to do with how UV rays fuck up your DNA.
There are three types of UV light: A, B, and C. UVC is absorbed in the atmosphere. UVA and UVB are what sunscreen protects against because they do the damage to your skin. Why do they do damage? UV light has a lot of energy, which can cause the bonds between molecules to change.
Onto DNA. This is the instructions for how to make you. It's made of nucleotides, four of them: Adenosine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine. Thymine and Cytosine are what we call pyrimadines (the other two are called purines). Normally, in double-stranded DNA (that beautiful helix) a pyrimadine on one strand is paired with a purine from the other to make a "rung on the ladder" of dsDNA. (A goes to T and C goes to G).
What happens when UV light penetrates the skin and hits DNA? A pyrimadine dimer. So what this means is that two pyrimadines (usually Thymines) on the same strand have disconnected from their purines and bonded to each other. This creates a weird knob on the strand, and is a type of DNA lesion. Lesions can induce other mutations in the code. The dimer cannot be read by enzymes correctly either. This is all very bad, and can lead to cancer. Cancer = mutation
How do we fix this? So this is happening all the time. 100x per cell per second that your skin is exposed to sunlight. But we aren't all riddled with skin cancer because of Nucleotide Excision Repair. This is a form of DNA repair where the shitty nucleotides (the two bonded pyrimadines) are cut out. DNA polymerase synthesizes a new segment of DNA, and DNA ligase attatches it all back together. Now your DNA is fixed.
What happens when NER doesn't work? Very bad things. One condition where this repair pathway is impaired is Xeroderma pigmentosum. These people cannot repair damage from UV light and develop severe sunburns from only minutes in the sun. They will also get skin cancer and cataracts. Historically, people with this disease have been referred to as vampires, as they can only go out at night. Just shows how important your DNA repair mechanisms are and how much work they do around the clock.
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On Scotland’s beautiful island of Kerrera, a millipede ancestor was found in a fossil in 1899. Now, scientists at the University of Texas in Austin have accurately dated it to be 425 million years old, making it the oldest bug in the world. The team believes this discovery indicates that...
I know this isn't a question related to the zine process, but what made you choose sci-fi? And were there any other themes you were considering?
GREETINGS ANON,
That’s ok! Thanks for your interest (*´▽`*)
The mods had many ideas for themes but sci-fi came out on top because it’s such a broad topic and there’s so much potential for all sorts of fics and illustrations!
We’re super excited to see what everyone comes up with~
DNA Mutations vs. Anti-Aging: The Surprising 2025 Discovery That Changes How We Fight Aging
You know that feeling when your phone’s battery health drops faster than your New Year’s resolutions? Scientists just found the biological equivalent—random DNA mutations might be the real culprits behind aging, not just the epigenetic changes we’ve been obsessing over. Buckle up, because this isn’t your grandma’s longevity advice.
The Mutation-Methylation Tango: A Love-Hate Relationship
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EXCLUSIVE: Cobalt-60 dirty bombs combined with mRNA vaccine suppression of chromosomal repair mechanism could unleash CANCER DEATH WAVE across America and vaccine-compliant nations
(Natural News) In today’s exclusive analysis, we detail how cobalt-60 dirty bombs unleash a low level of radioactive contamination in the affected area. This radiation is not intense enough to kill people from simple radiation exposure, but when combined with the mRNA “vaccines” and their spike protein suppression of the NHEJ chromosomal repair mechanism in cell nuclei, even a low level of…
Study suggests why most smokers don’t get lung cancer
Study suggests why most smokers don’t get lung cancer
Cigarette smoking is overwhelmingly the main cause of lung cancer, yet only a minority of smokers develop the disease. A study led by scientists at Albert Einstein College of Medicine and published online today in Nature Genetics suggests that some smokers may have robust mechanisms that protect them from lung cancer by limiting mutations. The findings could help identify those smokers who face…
A new way of dating skeletons by using mutations in DNA associated with geography will avoid the difficulties and inaccuracies sometimes associated with existing dating methods. The technique will enable a better understanding of historical developments from the beginning of the Neolithic period, through the Bronze and Iron Ages.
This would greatly narrow down the dates for human activity of all kinds, I would think. Excellent news.