#color constancy

Why Your Brain Thinks These Strawberries Are Red 

What is color constancy and how does it trick our brain into seeing colors that aren't really there? WIRED's Robbie Gonzalez and neuroscientist David Eagleman use ambiguous photographs and giant props to explain light, color and the science of illusions.

Color Constancy: There is Zero Red in This Image

Color constancy is an example of subjective constancy and a feature of the human color perception system which ensures that the perceived color of objects remains relatively constant under varying illumination conditions. A green apple for instance looks green to us at midday, when the main illumination is white sunlight, and also at sunset, when the main illumination is red. This helps us identify objects. 

You read that correctly, your eyes are lying to you. While these strawberries look red, the blue tint to the photo permeates the whole picture, and there are actually no red pixels in the image at all. Your brain is trained to think it sees certain colors, which is why the strawberries still appear red.  A visual illusion called color constancy, the image was created by Professor Akiyoshi…

the Goldfish Retinex from David J. Ingle (1985)

goldfish were trained to approach specific colors within a Mondrian background in order to measure their perceived changes of spectral qualities (the light reaching the eyes of the fish and their memory of colours after abrupt changes in composition and illumination)  

British chemist and writer Hazel Rossotti wrote in her book “Why the World Isn’t Grey”: ‘We must recognize, that color is a sensation, produced in the brain, by the light that enters the eye; and that while a sensation of a particular color is usually triggered off by our eye receiving light of a particular composition, many other physiological and psychological factors enter in.’

Two of those factors that Rossotti refers to, of course, are color constancy (seeing only the colors we expect to see) and simultaneous contrast (the effects that colors have on each other. Just as these factors influence the way we see colors in general, they cause particular problems in trying to see the effects of light in colors.

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