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When the torch is moved from side to side, Fig. 7-7, more material is heated to the ignition temperature so that additional material is oxidized and blown out of the kerf.

The eyes must also be protected from the heat coming from the job.

The history of the iron and steel industry in North America extends back over 300 years, beginning with a successful ironworks in Saugus, Massachusetts, about 20 miles northeast of Boston. It operated from 1646 to 1670.

Commercial acetylene is made from calcium carbide, which is commonly referred to as carbide. Carbide is a gray, stonelike substance that is the product of smelting coke and lime in an electric furnace.

If a fire should occur, properly trained personnel should use dry sand, powdered graphite, or commercially available Metal-X* to extinguish the titanium.

5. Repeat the procedure until the entire pipe is welded. The pipe is welded in quarter sections. Rotate each quarter section toward you as it is completed, Fig. 8-43.

4. Place two section of beveled pipe on a supporting jig like that shown in Fig. 8-42.

2. Before making a butt weld on pipe that is over ⅛-inch thick, bevel the ends of each pipe at an angle of 30 to 37½° to form a 60 to 75° included angle. Space the pipe at the root at a distance of ³⁄₃₂ to ⅛ inch, Fig. 8-41.