The Buddha centered all of his teaching on these truths. They are called ‘Noble” because they ennoble the person who understands them, and ‘Truths’ because as they correspond with true reality.
The Four Noble Truths are:
1. The Noble Truth of Dukkha - Dukkha is a multi-faceted word. Its literal meaning is "that which is difficult to bear". To live, you must suffer. It is impossible to live without experiencing some kind of suffering. We have to endure physical suffering like sickness, injury, tiredness, old age and eventually death and we have to endure psychological suffering like loneliness, frustrations, fear, embarrassment, disappointment, anger, etc. Simply, it says that to live is to experience physical and psychological suffering which is a statement so true and so obvious that it cannot be denied.
2. The Noble Truth of Samudaya. This cause is defined as grasping and clinging or aversion. On one hand it is trying to control anything and everything by grabbing onto or trying to pin it down; on the other hand it is control by pushing away or pushing down and running away from things. At the core, this truth tells us that getting what we want does not guarantee happiness. Rather than constantly struggling to get what is wanted, try to modify the act of wanting. Wanting deprives us of contentment and happiness.
3. The Noble Truth of the end of Dukkha. This is perhaps the most important of the Four Noble Truths because in it the Buddha reassures us that true happiness and contentment are possible. When we give up useless craving and learn to live each day at a time, enjoying without restless wanting the experiences that life offers us, patiently enduring the problems that life involves without fear, hatred and anger, then we become happy and free. Then, and only then, do we being to live fully. Because we are no longer obsessed with satisfying our own selfish wants, we find we have so much time to help others fulfill their needs. This state is called Nirvana.
4. The Noble Truth of the Path that leads to Awakening. The final truth is actually the 8 steps to end Dukkha. To end suffering we must end craving. The Buddha shows us how through his way, commonly referred to as “The Middle Way” which consists of Perfect Understanding, Perfect Thought, Perfect Speech, Perfect Action, Perfect Livelihood, Perfect Effort, Perfect Mindfulness and Perfect Concentration. You will notice that the steps on the Noble Eight-fold Path covers every aspect of life: the intellectual, the ethical, the social and economic and the psychological and therefore contain everything a person needs to lead a good life and to develop spiritually.
The path is a process to help you remove or move beyond the conditioned responses that obscure your true nature. In this sense the Path is ultimately about unlearning rather than learning We learn so we can unlearn and uncover.