Histrionic Personality Disorder (HPD): Symptoms and Characteristics
Histrionic Personality Disorder (HPD) is a Cluster B personality disorder, meaning it is characterised by dramatic and/or erratic behaviour. In this case, the pwHPD behaves in such dramatic and/or erratic ways to become the centre of attention due to a lack of feeling acknowledged by others, and perhaps a feeling that they (the pwHPD) do not belong.
feeling underappreciated or depressed when not the centre of attention
having rapidly shifting and shallow emotions
being dramatic and extremely emotionally expressive, even to the point of embarrassing friends and family in public
having a “larger than life” presence
being persistently charming and flirtatious
being overly concerned with their physical appearance
using their physical appearance to draw attention to themselves by wearing bright-colored clothing or revealing clothing
acting inappropriately sexually with most of the people they meet, even when they’re not sexually attracted to them
speaking dramatically and expressing strong opinions, but with few facts or details to support their opinions
being gullible and easily influenced by others, especially by the people they admire
thinking that their relationships with others are closer than they usually are
having difficulty maintaining relationships, often seeming fake or shallow in their interactions with others
needing instant gratification and becoming bored or frustrated very easily
constantly seeking reassurance or approval
While HPD and NPD are similar in their need for attention, it comes from two different places. A pwNPD has a need for attention that is tied to supporting their sense of self-worth and superiority, while a pwHPD's need for attention is more tied to feeling like part of a group - feeling real and acknowledged. It's more a form of emotional regulation than it is of regulation of self-worth in NPD.
As with the other PDs, a leading factor contributing to the development of HPD is genetics and abuse in childhood. Unstable and/or unhealthy parenting styles may also contribute to development, such as a parent displaying overly sexual or erratic behaviour; a child may internalise this and have it develop into HPD in the future.
Those with HPD are also more likely to have somatic symptom disorder, a disorder in which the person has "a significant focus on physical symptoms, such as pain, weakness or shortness of breath, to a level that results in major distress and/or problems functioning." (psychiatry.org, "What is Somatic Symptom Disorder?"). This means that, when physically injured, a pwHPD may exaggerate their symptoms to gain sympathy, but it may be due to the pwHPD themselves feeling a form of anxiety around said physical injuries. They think excessively about their physical injury(ies) when they are present, to the point of impacting their ability to function, and a pwHPD may openly express this excessive thinking about physical injuries and get sympathy, which makes them feel acknowledged.