Image 1: A side-by-side chart comparing South Africaās Apartheid (Afrikaans: [aĖpartɦÉit] past tense); and Israelās Hafrada (Hebrew: [×פר××] present tense), with Apartheid on the left and Hafrada on the right (this pattern will continue through the photoset).
Land expropriation. Apartheid: 1913 Natives Land Act. Hafrada 1950 Absentee Property Law
Racial Classification: Apartheid 1952 Pass Laws Act. Hafrada 1982 Identity Card Act
Mass Displacement: Apartheid 1960-1983 Forced Evictions. Hafrada 1948 & 1967 Forced Displacement
Violent Repression: Apartheid 1960 Sharpeville Massacre. Hafrada 2018 Great March of Return
Token Independence: Apartheid 1970-1981 South African Bantustans. Hafrada 1995-present Palestinian Authority
The following images provide more information on each point.
Image 2: A side-by-side comparison of Apartheid and Hafrada, covering point 1: Land Expropriation. On the left, there is a diagram of South Africa covered mostly in black, where the black coloring means āNo Black Ownership.ā On the right, there is a diagram of Israel/Palestine with the southern end and parts of the west covered in black where the coloring means āIsraeli āstate landā .ā
Apartheid. 1913 Natives Land Act. The first of a series of laws that were designed to outlaw Black land ownership and segregate āpopulation groupsā by race.
Hafrada. 1950 Absentee Property Law. The first of a series of laws bringing the land of displaced Palestinians under Israeli state control for the benefit of Jewish-only settlement.
Image 3: A side-by-side comparison of Apartheid and Hafrada, covering point 2: Racial Classification. There are photos on both sides of the types of identification each group was forced to carry.
Apartheid. 1952 Pass Laws Act: Required all Black people in South Africa over the age of 16 to carry a āpass bookā while in White areas.
Hafrada. 1982 Identity Card Act: Requires all people in Israel, West Bank, and Gaza over the age of 16 to carry an Israeli-issued ID card which can be used to identify their ethnicity.
Image 4: A side-by-side comparison of Apartheid and Hafrada, covering point 3: Mass Displacement. There are photos of ruined homes on each side. The left depicts District Six, Capetown, c. 1974. The right depicts Manishiyya neighbourhood, Jaffa, c. 1948.
Apartheid. 1960-1983 Forced Evictions: 3.5 million Black South Africans removed from their homes in order to establish residential segregation.
Hafrada. 1948 & 1967 Forced Displacement: Over 1.1 million Palestinians forcibly displaced during the 1948 Nakba (ācatastropheā} and 1967 Naksa (āsetbackā).
Image 5: A side-by-side comparison of Apartheid and Hafrada, covering point 4: Violent Repression. On the left is a poster saying āRemember Sharpeville.ā There is a photo from the event, followed by āMass meeting. Wednesday 21 SSI. 12:30.ā On the right is a photo of the Great March with a caption in Arabic at the top.
Apartheid. 1960 Sharpevill Massacre: 69 unarmed South Africans killed during peaceful protests against the racist āpass lawsā ID system.
Hafrada. 2018 Great March of Return: 42 unarmed Palestinians killed in Gaza in one day during peaceful protests calling for end to Israeli siege and return of refugees.
Image 6: A side-by-side comparison of Apartheid and Hafrada covering segregation.
On the left is an aerial photo of South Africa showing the disparity between Bloubosrand -a White gated community, and Kya Sands -a Black township. Bloubosrand has higher quality living with clearly defined large buildings and greenery, while Kya Sands has much smaller buildings almost resembling ruins from its aerial perspective, and no visible greenery.
On the right is a photo of Israel/Palestine showing a similar disparity between Pisgat Ze'ev East -an illegal Israeli settlement, and Shuafat -a Palestinian refugee camp. The buildings in Pisgat Ze'ev are larger and flanked by trees and other greenery, while the buildings in Shuafat are crammed together and lack greenery.
Apartheid. 1. āSeparatenessā: the state of being separate, literally āapart-hood.ā 2. name used to describe South Africaās state policy of segregation by race, 1948-1990.
Hafrada. 1. āSeparationsā: the act of separating things (or people) from each other. 2. name used to describe Israelās state policy of segregation by ethnicity, 1948-present.
Image 7: A side-by-side comparison of Apartheid and Hafrada, covering point 5: Token Independence. The photo on the left depicts a map of South Africa with a few small areas toward the north and southwest colored in black. The coloring indicates Black āhomeland.ā The photo on the right depicts a map of Israel/Palestine with a few areas in the center (West Bank) and the Gaza Strip highlighted in black. The coloring indicates Palestinian administered.
Apartheid. 1970-1981 South African Bantustans: Apartheid government defined ten fragmented Black āhomelands,ā each run by a puppet authority.
Hafrada. 1995-present Palestinian Authority: Palestinian Authority set up in coordination with Israel to govern disconnected fragments of the West Bank and Gaza.
Underneath each image is the source for the photoset.
Sources bit.ly/vp-hafrada
Symbols indicating a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 Deed: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International
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