ā... Traffic is a result of not investing in things like public transit. Itās a result of urban sprawl, and a result of incentivizing economic development where there were no people or no infrastructure...ā
BICYCLIST: Liz CornishĀ (Executive Director of Bikemore, a baltimore based nonprofit that works to increase and improve bicycle infrastructure, policies, and awareness)
I grew up in Tulsa Oklahoma, and Tulsa Oklahoma is a very segregated city. Itās a place where in 1921 the largest race riot in history before the L.A. riots had occurred. White residents attacked black residents and businesses along Greenwood Avenue, which at the time was dubbed "Black Wall Street" for the concentration of black wealth. Living in a city where thereās lots of racialized tension is something that I grew up with. As a kid I went to a predominantly black elementary school and I lived in a predominantly black neighborhood. My god parents are black and so [I was] raised going to their home and spending time with their family. My parents lived in this perfectly nice subdivision where you ride bikes to friends houses, go inside and discover all the houses are the same. I didn't realize it at the time but that window into black family life is a really important part of my story. I really do believe that was really critical to giving me a heart for social justice and also building connections and building relationships with people that are different than I am. Coming in and out of segregated situations Iāve always tried to do my best to try to seek out opportunities to build bridges and to work on behalf of people that may not be having the same access to power or to change that I might have.
-- Whatās the purpose of bicycle advocacy for you?
In Baltimore I see it as a tool. We need lots of tools, and biking is not the silver bullet or panacea to this because itās hugely complex and not everybody can ride a bike, and it doesnāt even make sense for everybody to ride a bike, but biking is one of the tools that people can use to build up communities; and our communities in Baltimore need a lot of building up. I think there was a time when bike advocacy was very niche -- kinda wacky. Youād have guys showing up to Capitol Hill in bike shorts and their little rear view mirrors off of their bicycle helmets. Now itās really different. I have so much more in common with people that are working on food justice, and people that are working on housing issues than I ever have before, and it makes my work very exciting.
-- Do you think that bicycle infrastructure means āgentrification?ā
There's this harmful narrative in cities that becoming more friendly to bikes is essential to attracting the "creative class" which essentially ignores the fact that there are already people who live here, who rely on bikes as transportation--or would like to--that need safe routes. That line of thinking did a lot of damage, and is why bike lanes are often linked to gentrification. I donāt believe that wanting a neighborhood that comes alive with people walking and biking, where traffic is calmer, that having better access to places to recreate outside whether itās biking trails, walking trails, public green spaces -- I do not believe that thatās only stuff that young, wealthy white people want in their neighborhood. In fact, I hear from people of all colors and all ages from across the City, and thatās whatās beautiful about it. When you look at it that way I think everybody wants that for their neighborhood. What becomes challenging is that historically you had a lot of mostly white men that were mostly recreational cyclists that decided to bike to work that really pushed this sort of vehicular cycling movement. They defined equity amongst modes on the roads -- and so any policy or advocacy that they were fighting for whether it was on the local or federal level had to do with that. I think what weāve learned and how the bike movement has evolved pretty recently is that all of that work didnāt really get a whole lot more people to bike. But you know what did? Putting up a couple of flex posts and a segregated lane creating protected space for cyclists, and then creating a movement that showed everyday cyclists wearing everyday clothing running errands. Maybe theyāre using it for transportation. Maybe theyāre using it on Saturday mornings to get to places. Thatās really what changed. I think any neighborhood is going to have a different feeling about biking, or any family you ask about biking is going to have a different feeling about it or a different barrier to it. Thatās what makes it so hard. Thereās no one size fits all approach.
--What are some of the barriers?
So if I was working with you and I was trying to get you excited about biking Iād have to get to know you, and then youād tell me about your day and how far away your job is. Then youād tell me that maybe you have to dress up at work, and maybe you donāt have a shower there or maybe where you grew up only poor people rode bicycles so itās really important to you to be able to express your identity through owning a car because ownership to other things like houses has been restricted from you. Itās really complex. Whatās really great now and what Iāve learned from others is that we can't just talk about bikes. We have to talk about housing. We have to talk about economic development. We have to talk about other forms of transportation, and how they are accessible or inaccessible. You have to talk about public health, and you have to talk about all of those things to figure out why someone is or isnāt biking, and then you have to come up with solutions that address those barriers, and if youāre only addressing some of those barriers then that might be why biking is only for a certain small segment of people.
--What do you think the challenges are to getting diverse groups excited about bicycling?
I had an amazing phone call with Oboi Reed. He runs āSlow Roll Chicago.ā Heās been nationally recognized for his work getting communities of color excited about biking in Chicago. He just said things in a concise way. Itās that you cannot lead with transportation, and I even thought about this as well -- that a lot of people bike as kids and then around 14 or 15 they kind of drop off. I think we all got back into biking as adults first recreationally. Some friend had an extra bike and said, āLet's go ride bikes to the movies,ā or to a restaurant, and then youāre like, āI donāt have a bike. Well, I have one you can use.ā Then you do it and itās so fun, and you donāt have to look for parking, and you donāt have to pay for parking, and you get to see your city in a different way. All of a sudden youāre kind of hooked and youāre like, āwell how many more days a week can I do this?ā So I think that lots of people, not everyone, come to transportation bicycling from a place of recreation for awhile, and then they make the transition. Oboi was discussing that what they do is that there are weekly rides that engage with a lot of different community partners. They pick their neighborhoods way out in advance. They partner with a different organization thatās not a biking organization. Maybe itās a housing authority. Maybe itās a community organization. Maybe itās a school. Maybe itās a church, and they plan a route. They usually try to pick something thatās challenging in that neighborhood and something thatās beautiful in that neighborhood. What theyāre trying to do is build community. Theyāre trying to say that there are no bad neighborhoods. Every neighborhood has some value and something to offer. Every neighborhood has some challenges and we are going to see those by bike because theyāre easier to see than when youāre speeding by in a car. And weāre going to hang out and be social and be safe. Weāve really started to see people like Oboi that have started to do that type of work start to tip the scales about normalizing biking for diverse people. My goal for biking always is that it shouldnāt feel risky and it shouldnāt feel like a Herculean feat. I get a lot of like, āOh youāre so brave.ā I want to wake up one day and have it be so normalized and so easy and safe-feeling that people donāt feel like that.
--What are you most proud of so far?
I was really proud of our āI Bike, I Vote kick-off party.ā The ability to get that many candidates to show up for something and they donāt get to speak⦠that they just had to listen, and meet and greet just felt like a very big win. We still have a lot of work to do til active transportation actually comes into the forefront of this election or even in psyche of the candidates that are running. That was such a giant leap forward in terms of getting our conversation and agenda out there. The other thing that Iām really proud of is that the downtown bike network went to bid. Basically, what that means is that for the last three to four years weāve had six miles of protected bike infrastructure funded, and mostly engineered, but it hasnāt started construction. That project is so critical to increasing visibility of bike ridership in this city that our work really begins when that gets built. Does that make sense? Bikemore has done a lot, but what weāre going to be able to do will increase exponentially when thereās actually a network of safe places for people to ride. What weāre doing now is inviting people into a space thatās not always safe for people to ride.
--What does it feel like to ride in Baltimore for you?
As a city rider learning to take the lane and just feel confident around cars itās incredibly empowering, especially as a woman. Thereās just so many points throughout every day that youāre inculturated to not take up space. You feel that you're told not to take up space, and so when you start taking the lane and you start to get pushy with traffic... Itās great exercise for the mind to remind yourself that you can do that in other areas of your life too. Youāre allowed to take up space wherever you need to take up space. As women, weāre taught that petite and demure is more desirable. So like donāt be broad shouldered and donāt be tall, but also emotionally, like donāt be assertive. Donāt be loud. Donāt be demanding, and so weāre taught and inculturated to not take up space and to shrink into ourselves so we donāt offend anyone. You watch that, especially when you teach adult women to ride again. Not all, but a lot of women are very polite, and so to teach them how to be assertive and defensive in a road space it might take them awhile to develop the confidence and skills in order to do that. I have a thousand stories about bikes changing womenās lives, and I know they do that for men too, but Iām just privy to all these stories from women. I think thatās the best part about my job.
--What do you think your role is?
Iām not out there teaching people how to ride bikes. Iām not out there giving bikes to people, but the work I do will lead a lot more people to biking. A lot of things in our everyday culture work against things that make us healthier, that make us more emotionally stable, that make us have more joy. Thereās a lot of things in our everyday society that try to take those things away every day, and the bike brings that all back. To me thatās an amazing thing to get to be a part of. Thereās very few people that bike to work that hate their commute. Yeah you have some complaints, but you still do it everyday because thereās some days on Guilford with the cherry blossoms hanging overhead, and you get that wee moment, you know like weeeee! And you donāt get that sitting in traffic, and you donāt get that sitting on a bus. If you think about Baltimore thereās so much work to be done, and thereās so much trauma to counter that people experience everyday. Stress is toxic. If you live in a city with high crime, and high proclivity of drug use, and exposure to violence, and exposure to lead. These are all factors that lead to toxic stress. I cannot fix all of those things, and Bikemore cannot fix all of those things, but we can counter some of those things by bringing more people to biking.
--Do you think itās important to work, specifically, with women?
I think that when you create women-only spaces, magical things happen. Are there women that feel comfortable in spaces that always include men? Absolutely. So women only spaces arenāt necessarily for those women, but there are enough women out there in the world that because of what weāve been taught itās hard to try new things, or mess up, or fail. The stakes seem to be higher for women. Even when you watch kids play on a playground. Maybe thereās a low retaining wall, and thereās a little boy that climbs up there and heās walking along the edge. Everybodyās natural bias is to be like, āBoys will be boys,ā and the second a little girl gets up there itās like, āBe careful! Youāre going to get hurt.ā How many times has a girl been told, āBe careful. Youāre going to get hurt.ā? Then turn that person into a twenty-five-year-old and ask them to ride a bike in traffic, and then you can imagine the psychological stuff that theyāre going to have to overcome before that experience feels accessible to them. So womenās only spaces creates a sense of safety where other women understand that, and the pressure just seems to come off.
--Where do you think your passion comes from?
Iāve always been fascinated with root causes, like, āThe why? How did this start? Where did this begin?ā So when I think about root causes you also have to think about disruptive solutions; the bicycle does that. You talk about biking and all of a sudden youāre talking about public safety. Youāre talking about street harassment. Youāre talking about government spending. Youāre talking about environmentalism and our reaction to climate change. Youāre talking about equity--like, how long does it take for people to get to work? You get to talk about all those things that encompass life, and more people have to start having those conversations, and voting about them before we start to see some change. Baltimore is certainly a place where I see potential for that type of awareness. You already see it, and I wouldnāt want to live anywhere else.
--What do you think the ultimate urban impact of bicycling is?
We canāt build our way out of road congestion. We canāt keep building more lanes. Traffic is a result of not investing in things like public transit. Itās a result of urban sprawl, and a result of incentivizing economic development where there were no people or no infrastructure. When I show people the math of not owning and owning a car, especially in Baltimore City where car insurance is criminally high. It just makes sense. Our cities can be these amazing vibrant places where lots of different types of people from lots of different types of incomes can lead safe, productive lives. Itās not always going to be perfect and itās not going to be Utopia...but Iām very optimistic, because Iāve yet to meet anybody in Baltimore that I work directly with that isnāt also working hard on these issues, that doesnāt also get it.