Sunmao (Chinese 🇨🇳: 榫卯, pinyin: sǔn mǎo), also known as Chinese joinery, or Mortise and tenon joint structure, is an ancient Chinese wooden architecture employing Chinese woodworking/carpentry and joinery methods that uses primarily wood, bricks, and tiles as the main building materials, with the wooden frame structure as the main structure, and columns, beams, and purlins as the main components.
“Sun” refers to “Suntou” (榫头, or 笋头, tenon), which is a wooden component that is designed for insertion, typically with a protruding or projecting part, and “Mao” comes from “Maoyan” (卯眼, or 卯口, or 榫眼, mortise), which is a wooden component that is designed for receiving a corresponding projection, typically with a hole or recessed cut. The joints between the various components are joined and connected by mortise and tenon, and fit together to form a flexible frame.
Sunmao is the most common structuring approach in ancient Chinese architecture and furniture. Sunmao structures, as a part of the “Chinese traditional architectural craftsmanship for timber-framed structures”, is a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage inscribed in 2009 on the UN Representative list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
“The Neolithic period (6000 — 2000 b.c.e.) marks the true emergence of the wooden frames so characteristic of Chinese architecture. As early as seven thousand years ago, Neolithic peoples knew how to use mortise and tenon — a method of joinery that employs notches and inserts — to build wood-beamed houses. (The world’s oldest examples are at the Hemudu site in Zhejiang.) By the end of the era these techniques were well developed, and such homes were made in circular, square, or oblong shapes, depending on their function.” - Chinese Architecture – The Origins of Chinese Architecture (English ed.). Yale University Press. pp. 5–15.
x
Me when he started cutting: oh yeah yeah I’ve seen that in medieval European architecture
Me a minute later: wait
Me thirty seconds later: I have not seen this in medieval–WAIT WHAT THE FUCK THERE AREN’T EVEN ANY JOIN LINES
















