Innocent until proven guilty – the central pillar of the American criminal justice system. This is also an essential philosophy for each of us to remember when interacting on a daily basis. For myself, I know that the most difficult aspect of my life to accept is the limitations I encounter because of the way I am often perceived by the outside world. The negative associations and assumptions that come with having a disability are, without a doubt, a heavier burden on me than the physical restrictions I experience from having a neuromuscular disease.
When I think about it, I am no stranger to the concept of being on trial … there have been countless instances where I have felt the anxiety of knowing my fate rested in the hands of others, and of knowing that their judgment would likely be based on a misguided idea of who they perceive me to be. Such determinations can have small or large implications on my life, depending on the circumstance, but my only focus is to create as much opportunity as possible to present truth into evidence, truth about who I am as well as what I have to offer.
Employment, for many people with disabilities, is the best example of an arena that has presented unfair judgment at least one time or two. Even with the most generous estimates, the employment rate among people with disabilities remains around 30 percent, which has long suggested the possibility of an attitudinal bias that has had a huge impact. Results from a study that were released last month has given significant credibility to such speculation.
Scholars from Rutgers and Syracuse universities collaborated on the project, applying for thousands of accounting positions on behalf of fictitious applicants. All applicants that the team created were qualified (presumably real) professionals seeking a position in the accounting field. Approximately 3000 applications were completed as part of the study and were divided into three groups: one group revealed a diagnosis of Asperger’s in their cover letters, the second group stated in their cover letters that they had each experienced a spinal cord injury, and the third group did not disclose a disability in their cover letters.Â
Response showed that employers were interested in those who had disclosed a disability 26% less frequently than those who had not mentioned a disability in the application process. The study also made note that the applicants with disabilities who were applying for entry-level positions were more likely to generate interest from employers than the expert candidates with disabilities.
In an interview with the New York Times, the research team stated that there was no surprise in the fact that candidates with disabilities experienced a lower rate of  response from employers than nondisabled candidates.  However, the fact that the expert candidates with disabilities received less interest than less experienced candidates with disabilities was an unexpected revelation. Attempting to explain this phenomenon, one researcher said that highly qualified candidates are deemed as more of a financial investment as they would require a bigger salary and, as a result, employers may view people with disabilities as “risky.”
Closing Argument
This study was the first empirical analysis of how employers view disability, and as such, it has taken me some time to process my thoughts on what was discovered. It goes without question that the decision to disclose a disability in the initial application process is a very personal one. And, it should be noted, that there may be advantages to mentioning disability early on depending on the employer and if they are accountable to federal guidelines in their hiring practices. But if an employer does not have specific requirements or quotas to fill in their hiring, it may be beneficial to withhold personal information (such as disability) until the actual interview.Â
I am a firm believer in celebrating individuality and demonstrating pride in all aspects of who you are … this value can still be achieved without disclosing disability right away. It just seems to me that, if we have learned anything from this groundbreaking study, it is that employers have difficulty assigning an accurate judgment to what they do not understand. Focusing on your qualifications during the first phase of an application is a great way to establish credibility in your desired profession and the skills you bring to the table. Then, when it is time for an interview, that would be an ideal opportunity to speak as freely as you like about your whole self as well as the kind of asset you could be to their team.
In my own day-to-day life, I am a witness to the fact that appealing to the mercy of others only gets you so far. What truly matters is the judgment you carry out on yourself.
(To read the study described in this blog post, click the link below.)
http://www.nber.org/papers/w2156