Timothy studies afrikaans

Goeie dag almal!

I would like to officially introduce myself. My name is Chiquita. I’m from South Africa and my native language is Afrikaans. I’ve been asked by quite a few people for Afrikaans resources, but, unfortunately, they’re very scarce. I have decided to compile some of my own and share it with you guys! Geniet dit!

History and background:

(Unfortunately, I cannot verify ALL the information, but I will try my best to make sure it’s accurate.)

The languages of South Africa | Brand South Africa (along with information about South Africa’s 10 other official languages!)

Afrikaans | About World Languages

Afrikaans | Omniglot (Arabic section requires verification.)

Afrikaner | SAHO

Afrikaans language | Wikipedia

Afrikaans language | SA-Venues

Online lessons:

Afrikaans lessons | polymath.org

Afrikaans | Openlanguages

Learn Afrikaans | Hein’s Universe

Afrikaans lessons | Easy Afrikaans

Learn Afrikaans | Learn 101

How to Learn to Speak Afrikaans | WikiHow

Afrikaans Language Course | ielanguages

All you need to know about Afrikaans | Rawlangs

Music:

Bands and groups (active):

(Link in name leads to home pages, where applicable.)

Fokofpolisiekar (profanity), (lit. “F*ck off police car”) - Alternative rock. - Background | YouTube | Facebook

Die Heuwels Fantasties (lit. “The Hills Fantastic”) - Alternative, Electronica, Indie, Pop. - Background | YouTube | Facebook

Van Coke Kartel (lit. “From Coke Cartel”) - Alternative rock. - Background | YouTube | Facebook

Straatligkinders (lit. “Street light children”) - Rock. - Background | YouTube | Facebook

Foto na Dans (lit. “Photo after Dance”) - Progressive rock. - Background | YouTube

Die Antwoord (profanity and considered vulgar), (lit. “The Answer”) - Hip hop, Rap, Rave. - Background | YouTube | Facebook

Eden - Pop - Background

Die Melktert Komissie (lit. “The Milktart Commission”) - Pop, Acoustic. - Background | YouTube | Facebook

Glaskas (lit. “Glass case”) - Pop, Rock. - Background | YouTube | Facebook

Artists and musicians:

(Link in name leads to home pages, where applicable.)

Elvis Blue - Pop, Adult contemporary. - Background | YouTube | Facebook

Kurt Darren - Afrikaans folk music. - Background | YouTube | Facebook

Steve Hofmeyr - Afrikaans folk/pop. - Background | YouTube | Facebook

Jack Parow (profanity) - Hip hop, Rap, Afrikaans rap. - Background | YouTube | Facebook

Nádine - Pop. - Background | YouTube | Facebook

Bobby van Jaarsveld - Pop. - Background | YouTube | Facebook

Bok van Blerk - Pop rock. - Background | YouTube | Facebook

Chris Chameleon - Folk, World, Rock, Acoustic. - Background | YouTube | Facebook

Hennie Jacobs - Acoustic. - Background | YouTube | Facebook

Juanita du Plessis - Afrikaans gospel. - Background | YouTube | Facebook

Snotkop (vulgar), (lit. “Booger head”) - Pop, Kwaito, Rap. - Background | YouTube | Facebook

Karlien van Jaarsveld - Pop. - YouTube | Facebook

Movies:

Dis ek, Anna (2015, lit. “It’s me, Anna”) - Drama. Movie based off of the novel written by Anchien Troskie. A girl endures abuse at the hands of her stepfather. A court case ensues.

Semi-soet (2012, lit. “Semi-sweet”) - Romantic comedy. A desperate young woman tries to save her company from someone taking over. A relationship can seal the deal, therefore, she hires a model to be her significant other.

As jy sing (2013, lit. “If you sing”) - Musical comedy. A music teacher supports his singing group. Circumstances force them to sing for what they believe in.

Poena is koning (vulgar and profanity), (2007, lit. “Poena is king”) - Comedy. Two teens boys go on a mission. They refuse to stay virgins until the finish highschool.

Bakgat! (2008, lit. “Cool!”) - Comedy. A popular girl is dumped by the highschool sport star. She goes on a mission to transform the school wimp into the next best thing.

Bakgat! 2 (2010, lit. “Cool! 2″ - Comedy. The characters from the first movie now attend university. Some dreams, like a rugby career, seem unreachable.

Bakgat! Tot die mag 3 (2013, lit. “Cool! To the power 3″) - Comedy. The main character aspires to win a rugby league and pay for his wedding with the prize money, meanwhile, he is putting his relationship in danger.

Wolwedans in die Skemer (2012, lit. “Wolf dance in the dusk”) - Thriller. Sonja arrives at a hotel where she’s supposed to take up her new job as a receptionist, but following a freak accident, she has no idea who she is.

Liefling (2010, lit. “Darling”) - Musical romance. A girl with a love for life falls in love during the December holidays, but fate, and other people, intervenes.

Pretville (2012, lit. “Fun-ville”) - Musical. A movie that in set in a typical 1950′s town, showing what life was like back then.

Faan se trein (2014, lit. “Faan’s train”) - Drama. A mentally challenged man has a dream of having his own traicn. We accompany him on his journey.

Pad na jou hart (2014, lit. “Road to your heart”) - Romantic comedy. A young man has 5 days to travel across the country to attend his father’s funeral. He catches a ride with a beautiful young lady.

Treurgrond (2015, lit. “Mourn ground”) - Drama. A movie that shows how farm attacks affect the whole community, not just the family.

Jou Romeo (2016, lit. “Your Romeo”) - Teen comedy. A school has to cancel a play due to budget cuts. Kids stand up, and try to keep the play going.

Sy klink soos lente (2016, lit. “She sounds like spring”) - Comedy. A guy tries to win a girl’s heart by lying to her, saying he is part of a band. He is a mere motor mechanic. Now he needs a plan, or he’s going to lose her.

Vir die voëls (2016, lit. “For the birds”) - Comedy. A wild girl on the verge of marrying isn’t sure if the married life is for her.

Vir Altyd (2016, lit. “Forever”) - Romantic comedy. A girl is left in front of the altar by her significant other. She makes some “bad decisions” and ends up going on a journey where she realises who she really loves.

Videos:

Learn Afrikaans 101 | YouTube

Learn Afrikaans - Steohenstone | YouTube

Learn Afrikaans | YouTube

Greetings - Learn Afrikaans | YouTube (I listed this one specifically, because I know people other than natives struggle with the g-sound!)

Extras:

Afrikaans slang | Wikipedia (checked this out myself, not too bad!)

Afrkaans memes and jokes (@antiegriet) | Instagram

Afrikaans quotes (@cool_kwadraat) | Instagram

Maroela Media - Social platform filled with articles and news.

Afrikaans.com - A page with a little bit of everything.

Pasella - A travel series focused on food, celebrities, and all the fun little things in South Africa.

Afrikaans is Groot (lit. “Afrikaans is Big”) - A annual event hosting some of the best Afrikaans artists in the country. | Facebook

I really, really hope this helps! Please report any problems, any feedback would also be appreciated! Thank you so much for reading, spread the word!

Last Afrikaans idioms! ☺ Please share and enjoy!

Hey guys! So on today’s topic - common manners in Afrikaans. As you know, in a lot of languages some things are frowned upon and seen as disrespectful, so, to save you from embarrasment when talking to a native, here are some guidelines.

Please and thank you.

Even though I believe this is used all over the world, it is seen as highly ill-mannered when you don’t use The Magic Words™. Native Afrikaans speakers can tell you a lot of instances where Afrikaans elders asked them, ‘en hoe vra jy?’ (this makes no sense in English, but “and how do you ask?”).

Addressing strangers.

Even though this is extremely formal, strangers and people of higher authority are addressed as “u” (keep in mind this is lowercase). There is no English equivalent, since the English language makes use of you.

“U” (uppercase) is also a way Christians use to address the Lord.

Mom, Dad and elders.

This is a very important one. When speaking to the above mentioned, you make no use of pronouns - highly disrespectful and frowned upon.

For example,

‘Mom, can Mom please hand me Mom’s mirror, along with Mom’s lipstick?’

This makes almost no sense (from my experience) in English, but In Afrikaans, this is life (it also takes really long to finish a sentence and it annoys other people around you).

Means of addressing people formally.

‘Mevrou’ - Afrikaans equivalent of Mrs, abbreviation - Mev.

‘Meneer’ - Afrikaans equivalent of Mr, abbreviation - Mnr.

‘Mejuffrou’ -  Afrikaans equivalent of Ms, abbreviation - Mej.

I really hope you guys find this helpful. Please share!

______________________________________________________________

So, op vandag se onderwerp - algemene maniere in Afrikaans. Soos julle weet is daar is baie tale sekere goed wat as verkeerd geag word en as disrespekvol gesien word, so, om julle die verleentheid te spaar wanner julle met `n Afrikaans sprekende praat, hier is `n paar riglyne.

Asseblief en dankie.

Al glo ek vas dat hierdie dwars oor die wêreld gebruik word, word dit gesien as hoogs ongemanierd wanneer jy nie Die Tower Woorde™ gebruik nie. Afrikaans sprekendes kan jou van verskeie kere vertel waar `n ouer persoon hul gevra het, ‘en hoe vra jy?’ (dit maak geen sin in Engels nie, maar “and how do you ask?”).

Adresseer vreemdelinge.

Al is die vreeslik formeel, word vreemdelinge en mense van hoër gesag geadresseer as “u” (hou in gedagte, dit is onderkas). Daar is geen Engelse gelyke nie, omdat die Engelse taal gebruik maak van you.

“U” (hoofletter) is ook `n manier waarop Christene die Here adresseer.

Ma, Pa en ouer mense.

Die is baie belangrik. Wanneer daar met die bogenoemde gepraat word, word daar glad nie gebruik gemaak van voornaamwoorde nie - hoogs disrespekvol en word op neergekyk.

Byvoorbeeld,

‘Ma, kan Ma asseblief Ma se spieël met Ma se lipstiffie aangee?’

Dit maak geen sin (uit my ervaring) in Engels nie, maar in Afrikaans is dit lewe (dit vat ook baie lank om `n sin klaar te maak en irriteer die mense rondom jou).

Maniere om mense formeel aan te spreek.

‘Mevrou’ - Afrikaanse vorm van “Mrs”, afkorting - Mev.

‘Meneer’ - Afrikaanse vorm van “Mr”, afkorting - Mnr.

‘Mejuffrou’ - Afrikaanse vorm van “Ms”, afkorting - Mej.

What is onomatopoeia?

According to a popular dictionary entry, onomatopoeia is a word that imitates or replicates the sound that is referred to by the word itself. Examples of onomatopoeia include “meow”, “roar” and everyday sounds like “tick-tock”.

Unfortunately, it is not shared across languages, for instance, Rice Krispies are characterized by their familiar “snap, crackle, and pop”. In German, you will sound crazy, since Germans use “Knisper! Knasper! Knusper!”

Here follows some Afrikaans examples.

South African birds: Piet-my-vrou (directly translated “Pete-my-wife”, called this because of the bird’s call), koekoek (cuckoo).

Insects: tjirp (chirping of crickets), tok-tok (tock-tock, after the “Toktokkie” or the Darkling beetle).

Animals: miauw (meow), woef (woof), bê (baa).

________________________________________________________________

Wat is klanknabootsing?

Volgens `n populêre woordeboekinskrywing, is klanknabootsing `n woord wat `n klank naboots of repliseer waarna die woord self verwys. Voorbeelde van klanknabootsing sluit in “miauw, “brul” en allerdaagse klanke soos “tik-tok”.

Ongelukkig word dit nie oor tale gedeel nie, byvoorbeeld, Rice Krispies wat geken word aan die bekende “snap, crackle and pop”. In Duits, sal jy mal klink, aangesien Duiters gebruik maak van “Knisper! Knasper! Knusper!”

Hier volg `n paar Afrikaanse voorbeelde.

Suid-Afrikaanse voëls: Piet-my-vrou (direk vertaal “Pete-my-wife”, so genoem danksy die voël se geluide), koekoek (cuckoo).

Insekste: tjirp (chirping of crickets), tok-tok (tock-tock, vernoem na die Toktokkie of die Darkling-besie).

New Afrikaans lesson! Talking about appearance :D

Some words:

Lank: tall Kort: short Lang hare: long hair Kort hare: short hair Vet: fat Maer: skinny

Here’s a takeaway sentence: Dit is lelik om vir iemand te se hulle is vet. It is rude to tell someone they are fat.

Constructing a sentence in Afrikaans is relatively simply since one needn’t worry about cases, conjugations or even gender agreement. All that matters is syntax (or word order).

I’ve attempted to cover quite a lot in this post– briefly. Feel free to send an ask for a more detailed explanation of a specific aspect

► Normal sentences

► most importantly, Afrikaans is a V2 language, which means the verb is always the 2nd element in the sentence. Keep an eye out for this because it’s always true (in main clauses).

► All other elements are pretty flexible. The general word order rule is STOMPI which stands for: Subject – Time – Object – Manner – Place – Infinitives and participles (although sometimes the object can go after the adverb of manner). Together with the V2-rule, that gives you SvTOMPI — you needn’t follow it too rigidly, but it’s a good guideline.

For example, some basic sentences:

My naam is Sam  (My name is Sam)

Ek eet soggens ʼn appel  (I eat an apple in the mornings)

Ek wil môre biblioteek toe gaan  (I want to go to the library tomorrow)

Here is a longer sentence :

Ek skryf elke dag ʼn artikel stilletjies by die werk om te blog   (I write an article quietly at work every day, to post on my blog)

for emphasis, you can start the sentence with almost any of the elements. But remember, no matter what you start with, the verb will be in the 2nd position and everything else follows the pattern :

Ek skryf elke dag ʼn artikel stilletjies by die werk om te blog

Notice in the following sentences that the subject comes after the verb! This is different from English!

Elke dag, skryf ek ʼn artikel stilletjies by die werk om te blog

Stilletjies skryf ek elke dag ʼn artikel by die werk om te blog [*poetic]

By die werk skryf ek elke dag ʼn artikel stilletjies om te blog

Starting with the infinitive adds the nuance of : “In order to …”

Om te blog, skryf ek elke dag ʼn artikel stilletjies by die werk

And starting with the object only works in the passive voice:

ʼn Artikel word elke dag deur my stilletjies by die werk geskryf om te blog

►Questions

Similarly, questions start with a question word, the verb follows in the 2nd position, and then STOMPI

Hoe gaan dit vandag met jou?  (How are you today?)

Waarvoor wil jy môre biblioteek toe gaan? (Why do you want to go to the library tomorrow?)

Other questions simply invert the subject and the verb. In these instances, the verb will be in the 1st position:

Gaan jy môre biblioteek toe? (Are you going to the library tomorrow?)

► Tense

the same rules apply to the past and future tenses. Just remember that participles go at the end with the infinitives.

Present: Ek skryf ʼn artikel by die werk (I write an article at work)

Past:  Ek het ʼn artikel by die werk geskryf

Future: Ek sal ʼn artikel by die werk skryf

You should also be aware of separable verbs. These are best left for a post specifically about verbs, but since it influences word order, this is how it works:

Present: Ek gooi die rommel weg  (I throw the rubbish/trash away)

Past:  Ek het die rommel weggegooi

Future: Ek sal die rommel weggooi

► Conjunctions

Above, were the word-order rules for a single sentence. Now, when joining two sentences together, they type of conjunction used will have an effect on the word order in the subordinate clauses (the second sentence)

Ek gaan biblioteek toe   (I’m going to the library)

My boek is reeds laat   (My book is already late)

► GROUP 1 consists of maar (but), en (and), of (or), want (because). The word order of both clauses stays the same. For example:

► GROUP 2 consists of dan (then), daarna (thereafter), dus, daarom (therefore), toe (then), anders (otherwise), al (although). Here the verb come directly after the conjunction :

► GROUP 3 consists of dat (that), omdat (because), totdat (until), nadat (after), sodat (so that), wat (who, what), alhoewel (although), toe (when), terwyl (while), sedert (since), as, of (if), tensy (unless). After Group 3 conjunctions, the verb goes to the end of the 2nd clause:

Verbs

be - om te wees (present: is, past: was)

there is - x (present: daar is, past: daar was)

have - om te hê, gehad (present: het)

do - om te doen, gedoen

create (aka “make”) - om te maak, gemaak / om te skep, geskep

cause (aka “make”) - om te maak, gemaak / om te veroorsaak, veroorsaak

go - om te gaan, gegaan

say - om te sê, gesê

speak - om te praat, gepraat

know - om te weet, geweet (facts) / om te ken, geken (people)

think - om te dink, gedink

want - om te wil, gewil (past: wou)

like - om te hou van, gehou van

can - om te kan (past: kon)

need - om te moet (past: moes)

should - sou

try - om te probeer, geprobeer

feel - om te voel, gevoel

work (also as a noun) - om te werk, gewerk / die werk, werke

learn - om te leer, geleer

get (meaning “obtain”) - om te kry, gekry

use - om te gebruik, gebruik

start - om te begin, begin

eat - om te eet, geëet

see - om te sien, gesien

write - om te skryf, geskryf

give - om te gee, gegee

sleep - om te slaap, geslaap

Phrases

hello - hallo / goeie dag (formal) / haai (informal)

goodbye - totsiens

“Nice to meet you.” - Lekker om jou te ontmoet. (informal) / Bly te kenne. (formal) / Aangename kennis. (formal)

yes - ja

no - nee

okay - oukei

please - asseblief

thank you - dankie

you’re welcome - dis ‘n plesier

sorry - jammer

excuse me (to catch someone’s attention) - verskoon my

well (as in “Well, I think that…”) - wel

Conjunctions

that (as in “I think that…” or “the woman that…”) - dat

and - en

or - of

but - maar

though - hoewel

because - omdat

therefore - dus

if - as

Prepositions

before (also as a conjunction) - voor after (also as a conjunction) - na

of - van

from - uit / van to - na

in - in

at (place) - by

at (time) - by

with - met

about - oor

like (meaning “similar to”) - soos

for (warning, this one has several meanings that you need to take care of) - vir

Adjectives and adverbs

a lot - ‘n baie a little - ‘n bietjie

good / well - goed, goeie, comparative: beter, superlative: beste bad / badly - sleg, slegte

more (know how to say “more … than”) - meer (…as) / comparative form

most - mees / superlative form

enough - genoeg, genoeg

even - selfs

Adjectives

the, a (technically articles) - die - ‘n

this (also as a noun) - hierdie / dié that (also as a noun) - daardie / dié

all - al, alle some - sommige, sommige no - geen…nie, geen…nie

other - ander, ander

any - enig, enige

easy - maklik, maklike hard - moeilik, moeilike

early - vroeg, vroeë, comparative: vroeër late - laat, late, comparative: later

important - belangrik, belangrike

cool (as in “that’s cool”) - fantasties, fantastiese

different - verskillend, verskillende

beautiful - pragtig, pragtige

Adverbs

very - baie

too (as in “too much”) - te

also - ook

only - enigste

now - nou

here - hier

maybe - miskien

always - altyd sometimes - soms

today (also as a noun) - vandag yesterday - gister tomorrow - môre

almost - amper

still - nog

quickly - vinnig, vinnige

Nouns

thing - die ding, dinge

person - die persoon, persone

place - die plek, plekke

everything - alles something - iets nothing - niks

time (as in “a long time”) - die tyd, tye

time (as in “I did it 3 times”) - die keer, kere

friend - die vriend, vriende

mother, father, parent - die moeder, moeders - die vader, vaders - die ouer, ouers

daughter, son, child - die dogter, dogters - die seun, seuns - die kind, kinders

wife, husband - die vrou, vroue - die man, mans

girlfriend, boyfriend - die vriendin, vriendinne - die kêrel, kêrels

breakfast - die ontbyt, ontbyte

lunch - die middagete, middagetes

dinner - die aandete, aandetes

money - die geld, geld

day - die dag, dae

year - die jaar, jare

hour - die uur, ure

week - die week, weke

house - die huis, huise

office - die kantoor, kantore

language - die taal, tale

name - die naam, name

word - die woord, woorde

company - die maatskappy, maatskappye

Internet - die Internet, x

Question Words

who - wie

what - wat

where - waar

when - wanneer

why - waarom

how - hoe

how much - hoeveel

Pronouns

I - ek

you - jy

she, he - sy - hy

it - dit

we - ons

you (plural) - julle

they - hulle

Desember — December Somer — summer die hitte — the heat dis so warm — it’s so warm dis bloedig warm buite — it’s boiling hot outside dis vuurwarm — it’s very hot ek kry warm — I’m hot (I’m getting hot)

★ so warm dat die kraaie gaap — so hot the crows are yawning (idiom : it’s very hot)

’n dors — a thirst ek is dors — I’m thirsty ek wil … hê, asseblief — I would like … please ek wil … drink — I’d like to drink … jy drink graag … — you enjoy drinking … om te drink — to drink water — water yswater — ice water koeldrank — cooldrink, soda (vrugte) sap — (fruit) juice melk — milk wyn — wine bier — beer gemmerbier — ginger beer roomys — ice cream waatlemoen — watermelon

saans is dit bietjie koeler — in the evenings, it’s a bit cooler daar waai ’n koel bries/windjie — a cool breeze is blowing om in die rivier te swem — to swim in the river om op die strand te speel — to play on the beach om see toe te gaan — to go to the sea

Normally, a verb takes the second position in the sentence. After conjunctions, in dependent clauses, the verb will take a certain position in the clause based on what the conjunction is.

Verb second

When the verb is second, it just looks like a normal sentence.

Conjunctions: 

en - and

maar - but

want - because

of - or

Verb first

The verb and the subject swap their normal places, with the subject taking the second position

Conjunctions:

dan - then (present and future)

toe - then (past)

anders - otherwise

al - even if

daarom - therefore

dus - thus

gevolglik - consequently

hierdeur - by this

daardeur - by that

tog - yet

verder - furthermore

intussen - in the meantime

daarna - thereafter

Verb last

The verb is pushed to the end of the sentence, making it subject-object-verb order. The negative “nie” is added in between the subject and object, as well as at the end, as usual. With an auxiliary verb, the other verb(s) will follow the main verb at the end, except for “het” and the past participle, where the participle comes before “het.”

Conjunctions:

ALL QUESTION WORDS (ex.: hy het gevra wie die boeke gekoop het - he asked who bought the books)

dat - that

omdat - because

sodat - so that

voordat - before

nadat - after

totdat - until

soos - like

sodra - as soon as

solank - as long as

as - if (conditional)

of - if ( _ or not?)

sedert - since

alhoewel - although

tensy - unless

aangesien - seeing that, since

wat - who

wanneer - when (present and future, not question)

Woordeskat 008: Rigtings - Directions

die noorde, x - north

noord, noord - north

die noordooste, x - northeast

noordoos, noordoos - northeast

die ooste, x - east

oos, oos - east

die suidooste, x - southeast

suidoos, suidoos - southeast

die suide, x - south

suid, suid - south

die suidweste, x - southwest

suidwes, suidwes - southwest

die weste, x - west

wes, wes - west

die noordweste, x - northwest

In English, the present participle is formed by adding “ing” to the end of a verb. In Afrikaans, you add “ende” to most verbs (ex.: om te sing - to sing, singende - singing) for the attributive adjective (die singende seun - the singing boy) and “end” (ex.: singend - singing) for the adverb (die seun het singend gekom - the boy came singing). The following changes occur:

A long vowel changes how it is written, since there is now the VCV pattern (ex. om te eet - to eat, etend(e) - eating)

A short vowel doubles the consonant to avoid the VCV pattern (ex.: om te sit - to sit, sittend(e) - sitting)

Top it off, English spelling is a goddamn catastrophe, if wii speld klosr tu the wae wii talkd things would look a lot different! Afrikaans wasn’t written until the 19th century, it’s pretty new and hasn’t got all the archaic whatnot English spelling does (then look at old English, also a mess). 

Basically just take a hot second before you say shit like this about languages. Language are the way people function in the world. Languages are personal and political, and I would never want to hear something so close to me talked about in such a casually derisive manner. 

This is what’s called linguistic snobbery and being a outright humourless cunt.

And for anyone who’s wondering: Afrikaans is related to Dutch and although it might have English influences (I don’t really know), for the most part it evolved COMPLETELY separately from English. Because both English and Afrikaans are new low germanic languages, they have some degree (albeit very, very little) of mutual intelligibility especially in the written form. This makes it seem weird for one speaker to read the other – almost like it is familiar. As my American friend say, reason Afrikaans is like reading English with Schwarzenegger accent… I don’t really see that but I see the humour because c’mon look at the similarities.

Oh yeah – and AFRIKAANS AINT A FUCKING CREOLE YA BLOODY IGNORAMUS

hopefully op won’t reblog this and start a shitstorm, but whatever worst things have happened – and for the record I loved the graphic it’s amazing and informational and cute and I really don’t have any issue with the op, it’s the guy above that ticked me off

interessant, interessante - interesting

dat - that

hierdie, hierdie - this, these

die mens, mense - person, human being, people

die moeite, x - trouble, difficulty, effort, pains

die taal, tale - language

om te leer, geleer - to learn

en - and

dan - then, than

die herkoms, x - origin, descent

daarvan - of that

om te beledig, beledig - to insult, offend

om te doen, gedoen - to do

bietjie - a bit, a little

goed, goeie, comparative=beter, superlative=beste - good

die navorsing, navorsings- research

om te volg, gevolg - to follow

volgend, volgende - following, next

die keer, kere - time, turn

die invloed, invloede - influence

uit - from

die eeu, eeue - century

om te dink, gedink - to think

voor - before

om te oordeel, geoordeel - to judge

om te stem, gestem - to vote

saam - together

te - too

min, min, comparative=minder - little

om te weet, geweet - to know, be aware of

op - on, up, upon

eerste, eerste - first

die indruk, indrukke - impression

iets - something

negatief, negatiewe - negative

om te sê, gesê - to say

dis -it’s

lekker, lekkere, comparative=lekkerder - nice, good, tasty, fun

nog - still, yet

om te ontmoet, ontmoet - to meet, encounter

om te belangstel, belang gestel - to take an interest in, be interested in

aangenaam, aangename, comparative=aangenamer - pleasant, enjoyable, agreeable