some attempt to sort ancient gallifrey into an easy resource
look, ancient gallifrey is complicated and makes no sense, and sometimes you literally cannot make things line up. but here's my best stab at it post-pythia. sources i've read for this: time's crucible, omega (audio), lungbarrow, lungbarrow by loomlight, the infinity doctors, the scrolls of rassilon, the show, plus some tardis.wiki scrolling. this is intended to be short and readable i have a lot more thoughts and know a lot more about it. obviously my word is not gospel
rassilon: musician, politician, military commander, engineer, biologist, architect, academic. what can't this guy do. he has an unnamed wife and a stillborn daughter
omega: of the house of arca. solar engineer. married to patience. opposed to rassilon's military takeover of gallifrey, but did nothing about it. rassilon called him a democrat. was originally called peylix but pitched his time travel theory mid exam and failed it so badly he got a grade so low he was the first to ever get it (omega)
the other: the timeless child grown up; the source of regeneration. rassilon's advisor/servant. generally hooded. raised by tecteun. has a lot of otherworldly powers. rassilon considers them a friend but also says he doesn't know anything about them and also rassilon appears to be afraid of them. the hand of omega stalks them for some reason. kills themselves via loom, eventually being reloomed as the doctor. potentially the child of leela and andred
urizen (had a lot of god-themed baggage, subject to a coup)
pandak (during the vampire wars, overthrown by rassilon)
rassilon (ruled for just under a thousand years before being put in the death zone in that tower)
temus: the only one of pandak's high council to attempt to shoot back. was killed.
zabor: survivor of pandak's high council post-coup. sent off to the south of gallifrey
lady norin: survivor of pandak's high council post-coup. sent off to the south of gallifrey
mayeron: survivor of pandak's high council post-coup. sent off to the south of gallifrey
we know rassilon seemed to be running the thing
gimel: a general and very very close to rassilon, appears to have been taking orders directly from him. really doesn't like thremix. had a lot of people including omega watched. was eventually killed off by rassilon in a coup attempt
jelen: worked under rassilon directly. had access to the details of the sash of rassilon as was able to manipulate the material into a forcefield for an attempted coup. was killed during said coup by rassilon
vandekirian: omega's assistant, but potentially given to omega by rassilon as people theorised that vandekirian was rassilon's plant to kill omega
artron: artron energy is named after him. as this comes from the time vortex and the eye of harmony and is in tardises etc this makes sense for him to be an engineer. however as he apparently started experimenting with healing maybe he was booted over to the biologists side...?
tecteun: the technolodger. tortured the timeless child with looms to get regeneration energy. was presumably the first to regenerate. although in other accounts this is rassilon
rassilon: worked on looms, transforming them from tecteun's regeneration energy stealing machines into the way of creating new time lords
thremix: an obscure biologist not taken seriously by the rest of gallifrey's biology community. created the "immortality disease", as per the scrolls of rassilon, which are probably fictionalised in universe anyway, but probably had something to do with regeneration anyway. was apparently killed by gimel before gaining the ability to regenerate, but can definitely regenerate in lungbarrow by loomlight, so.
patience: of the house of blyledge. omega's wife. the other's wife, after omega's death. had thirteen children with the other. grandmother to susan. her family was slaughtered on order of the technolodger (tecteun). was having an affair with the other while married to omega, which omega seems weirdly chill about. omega doesn't think she loved him. either pulled off having thirteen children and a grandchild in less than 10 years (from omega's death to the other's suicide) or omega didn't notice her getting pregnant thirteen times OR he noticed and was fine with it for whatever reason. tutored the other
eutenoyar: related to the founding in some way. has a cult.
apeiron: related to the founding in some way. has a cult.
the red handed jackal: a yssgaroth/vampire who may or may not be a past life of the other. i cannot parse how this makes sense so just roll with it. was (consensually) killed by the other as part of a ritual also involving rassilon, omega, and thremix in order to create a concrete start to the vampire wars
i hope this is helpful to someone, maybe