#usrr

Хвилину тупо дивлюся на інформацію, що для саундтреку «Атомік хард» використали мелодію «Утомлённого солнца» з дуже дивними відчуттями. Відкинувши все моє фе до гри і її творців, фінт логічний, бо в СРСР це танґо було дико популярне, а гра то саме про совок, але є нюанс. Навіть декілька. Малеееесньких таких. Мікроскопічних. Перший. Мелодія «Солнца» зовсім не російська (як несподівано, правда?)). І навіть не з теренів тодішнього СРСР. Вона польська. І має альтернативний (точніше оригінальний) і досить похмурий текст, де немає ніяких сонць, а є чоловік, що просить про останнє побачення дівчину, яка його кидає. Написали її у 1935 лірик Зенон Фрідвальд та композитор Єжи Петербурзький, обидва польські євреї, а виконання Мєчіслава Фоґа принесло композиції неймовірну популярність. Дуже скоро з'являються версії на їдиш (співав її ще один польський єврей Адам Астон) і та сама злегка підаранджована російська (знову ж таки, нічого кримінального, кавери і зараз не заборонені, тим паче Петербурзький з росіянами співпрацював). Зміст там, правда, зберегли лише назагал, а атмосферу і зовсім поміняли: композицію з явним самогубчим підтекстом цензура б не пропустила. Тільки от тут виникає другий нюанс: ходять чутки що автор росмовного тексту Йосиф Соломонович Израїлевич, він же Альвек, теж єврей за походженням, за цю саму пісню, як за занадто буржуазну, отримав неофіційний вовчий білет, що в купі з Другою світовою залишило його без роботи і продовольчих талонів. Подейкують що на фоні цього Альвек вчинив самогубство, хоча насправді біографічних даних про нього кіт наплакав (навіть дата смерті точно невідома), так що як воно там було, один бог і, можливо, архіви знають. Що, звісно, не заважає росіянам вважати «Солнце» своєю культурною спадщиною і гордо писати на платівках «Классика ретро-музыки». А от польські автори та виконавці «Останньої неділі» не лише пережили війну, а й дожили до старості. Петербурзький під час війни служив в військово-повітряних силах, гастролював територією Білорусі, жив у Львові, згодом переїхав на територію СРСР, де знову працював композитором, а після відновлення дипломатичних стосунків між СРСР і Польщею приєднався до армії Андерса (якщо коротко, це була набрана з польських полонених армія у складі СРСР, якщо довго — окрема цікава історія), з нею і потрапив на Близький Схід, а потім в евакуацію до Ірану. Помотався світом, пожив у Єгипті, Аргентині, Бразилії і Венесуелі та, зрештою, у 1968 повернувся до Варшави, де ще й сином встиг розжитися у сімдесят років. Фрідвальда, як працівника Міністерства Військових Справ Польщі в 1939 евакуювали зі Львова спершу до Румунії, а потім через Грецію і Туреччину до Палестини, звідки він перебрався до Ізраїлю, де й осів і був досить відомим у повоєнних колах. Астон, як і Петербурзький у складі армії Адамса виїхав за кордон, жив спочатку в ПАР, а потім в Лондоні. Фоґ на початку війни виконував пісні для поранених польських солдат у Варшаві, тоді переїхав до Львова, однак через місяць вернувся до столиці і почав співпрацю з підпільною Армією крайовою під псевдо Пташек. Співав по кабаре, через пісні амудрився нарватися на конфлікт з гестапо, перейшов на роботу офіціантом. Брав участь у Варшавському повстанні, давав виступи у шпитальках і на барикадах, допомагав друзям-євреям. В повоєнний час продовжив виступати, активно гастролював. Умудрився прожити дев'яносто років, з яких лише тридцять не був на сцені. Ось така хуйня, малята. А «Останню неділю» у виконанні того самого Фоґа я вам таки прикріплю. А то трохи образливо, що оригінал, на відміну від того самого «Солнца» в нас менше знають.

І ще одне, сучасне виконання з їдиш, яке мені дуже подобається.

Google translation:

Back to the past. Nine evidence that Russia has returned to the USSR

Under Vladimir Putin, Russia becomes an exact copy of the Soviet Union. What worked during the USSR is applicable in modern Russia. The war in Ukraine brought the country into the past even more clearly. Russia is retreating to the USSR. Striking similarities.Shops will be opened in Russia for diplomats where they will be able to pay in foreign currency. The USSR introduced exactly the same solution by establishing Bieriozka stores This is not the first time that the Russian authorities have brought back to life phenomena typical of the Soviet era The tradition of informing can be found in the history of Russia as early as the early Middle Ages, but it was in the USSR that it became commonplace. Contemporary Russians are bolder and bolder in reporting what the Kremlin is making use of In modern Russia, even more relics of the past return. They are returning to favor, among others pioneers, Moskvich cars and punishment for criticizing the authorities.

Bieriozka stores

What was in the USSR:

Free circulation of currency was prohibited in the USSR, therefore, in 1961, a chain of Bieriozka stores was established for foreigners and Soviet foreign workers, where goods could be bought for "check rubles", and these, at various times, cost from one and a half to two Soviet rubles.

What's coming back:

There will be duty-free shops in Moscow and St. Petersburg for diplomats, consuls, employees of international organizations and their families. You will only be able to get there with official documents and buy retail. These stores will offer alcohol, tobacco products, perfumes and cosmetics, sweets, jewelry, smartphones and watches.

The owners of the stores will be a legal entity that will be established by an institution belonging to the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and a company that will be selected as a result of an "open tender".

Punishing "currency speculators"

What was in the USSR:

The criminal law of the USSR contained penalties for currency transactions: for example, the Criminal Code of the Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) of the 1960 version threatened all currency transactions with penalties up to and including the death penalty (Article 88).

What's coming back:

In early April, it became known that the Federal Tax Service instructed territorial authorities to cooperate with the Ministry of the Interior in order to identify currency speculators. The agency noted that cases of illegal purchase and sale of foreign currencies have recently become widespread. Therefore, the Federal Tax Service believes that hand-to-hand sales of foreign currency should be tracked via social networks, via Telegram channels and online advertisements.

Reports

What was in the USSR:

The tradition of informing can be traced in the history of Russia from the early Middle Ages, but in the USSR this phenomenon became mass-reporting: the state encouraged citizens to report. "Reporting about irregularities" at work was particularly widespread: employees handed over their colleagues to the authorities, also for their own promotion. Another type of denunciation widespread at that time was a home denunciation, when the informer and his victim were linked not by work, but by personal relationships.

What's coming back:

After the war broke out, denunciations on the Russians began to appear because of their attitude towards the actions of the authorities and their anti-war attitude - both “domestic” and “professional” denunciations.A student recorded a teacher saying that "every war is bad". The denunciation went to the police. This is how propaganda works in a Russian school.

At the end of March, Gennady Bondarenko, a 53-year-old chemistry and biology teacher from the village of Malokurilskoye on the island of Shikotan in the Kuril region, received four reprimands for "discrediting" the Russian army on the basis of four denunciations from his colleagues. In mid-July it turned out that his own mother denounced her son in Moscow for avoiding military service "on important days for the country".

Officials are also encouraging denunciations: on August 4, Duma deputy Alexander Chinsztejn boasted that after his denunciation, the police detained a resident of Moscow, Jelizaveta Smirnova, who had torn off the stand by the church in the village of Busharino in Moscow army) and threw it in the trash.

Sentences for criticizing the Soviet regime

What was in the USSR:

"Anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda" was considered a crime for almost the entire period of the existence of the USSR. Pursuant to the provision of the Criminal Code The 1960 RSFSR for "slanderous slander slandering the Soviet state and social order" faced the perpetrator from six months to seven years in prison.

What's coming back:

In April, Vladimir Putin signed a punitive law for identifying the role of the USSR and Germany in World War II, and for denying the "decisive role of the Soviet people" in the victory over fascism. The violation of the law is punishable by a fine from 1 to 2 thousand. rubles or administrative arrest up to 15 days; legal persons - a fine from 10 thousand up to 50 thousand rubles, officials - a fine from 2 to 4 thousand. rubles. If the offense is repeated, the amount of the fine will increase.

At the end of July, a criminal case was launched against a resident of the Stavropol Territory for a negative assessment of the Red Army. The allegations were made on the basis of photos posted on his page on the VKontakte website. The man is threatened with a fine of up to 3 million rubles or imprisonment for up to three years according to the article "Rehabilitation of Nazism".

Art advice

What was in the USSR:

The art councils acted as the censorship body that decided whether a work could reach a mass audience. Apart from representatives of the professional community (including, for example, members of the Composers 'and Writers' Union), such councils included party and Komsomol officials as well as social activists.

What's coming back:

Work on the draft law on public councils on television, theater and cinema is underway in the Duma, said one of the authors of the document, MP Nikolai Burłaev. After the passing of the law introducing such councils, he said, it would be necessary to "designate people who would regulate the process of selecting films for distribution".

Teachers, doctors, law enforcement and clergy - those who "think about what the next generation will be" - are expected to be members of public councils on television, theater and cinema.

Lists of "banned artists"

What was in the USSR:

Rock music was considered a "manifestation of hostile Western culture", the dissemination of which the authorities fought. There is a well-known document "Preliminary list of foreign music bands whose repertoire includes ideologically harmful pieces" from 1985, which indicated undesirable Western bands and the reasons for their inclusion on the list: Sex Pistols (punk, violence), Iron Maiden (violence, religious obscurantism ), Judas Priest (anti-communism, racism) etc.

What's coming back:

After the outbreak of the war, it turned out that unofficial lists of performers appeared who would be banned from performing in Russia due to anti-war statements. They include rappers Noize MC, Oxxymiron, Face, vocalists of Zemfira, Monetoczka, Maniża, DDT groups, Maszina Wremieni, Akwarium and others.

Duma Deputy Jelena Drapieko expressed her support for the idea: - Today, under the conditions of a "special operation", the content of what is happening on the stage should also be assessed. These are probably some administrative measures to ensure that calls against our "special operation", against our soldiers, against our country are not heard from the stage.

Attack on Literature

What was in the USSR:

Books that were not censored could not be published. At the same time, there were cases of withdrawing and destroying original works. An example is Daniil Andreyev's novel "Night Wanderers" about the repression of the 1930s. The author was arrested in the article "Preparation of an Act of Terrorism" and in 1948 he was sent to prison in Vladimir for 25 years (released in 1957, rehabilitated). All the copies of the book and the manuscript found were burned.

What's coming back:

In mid-April, Dmitry Silin was sitting at a small table in the center of Ivanovo. The man arranged several books by George Orwell, "1984," which he distributed for free to the townspeople. Suddenly, a uniform appeared at his "stand". Silin was arrested and put on trial. He is to hear the accusation of "discrediting the Russian army". "Pure Orwell" - comments Makarova in his social media.

At the end of July, copies of the children's book "Wormwood" about the fate of the Volga Germans during World War II were withdrawn from libraries in the Sverdlovsk Oblast. The reason for the withdrawal was the conclusion of Ivan Popp, associate professor of the Ural State Pedagogical University that the text of the book "aims to distort historical facts, create various speculations and myths", has a "liberal European direction" in comparing Hitler and Stalin and lacks stories with a positive view on representatives of the Soviet elite.

Pioneers

What was in the USSR:

The organization was founded in the USSR in 1922. Nadieżda Krupska thought it as a children's organization - "scout in form and communist in content".

The state made extensive use of the Pioneers for propaganda among children: Pavlik Morozov was named the model Pioneer, who is said to have denounced his father. It is known that in the 1930s there were cases where pioneers became involved in the fight against "anti-Soviet elements."

What's coming back:

In mid-July, the president signed the law on the creation of the all-Russian movement of children and youth. Its authors promised that participation would be voluntary, with the potential number estimated at 18 million. The declared goals of "new Pioneers" are shaping "a world view based on traditional values, love of the homeland and diligence" Children participating in the official initiation ceremony of the youth organization "Young Pioneers", on Red Square in Moscow, May 22, 2022. Photo: NATALIA KOLESNIKOVA / AFP / AFP Children participating in the official initiation ceremony of the youth organization "Young Pioneers" on Red Square in Moscow on May 22, 2022.

In July, the name of the future organization became known as Bolsha Pieremiena. Vladimir Putin will be the head of the supervisory board of the movement. Detailed decisions on the new Russian movement for children and youth will be made in December 2022.

Moskvich car

What was in the USSR:

The factory that produced one of the most famous Soviet cars, Moskvich, was opened in 1930 to assemble American Ford cars and trucks. In 1933, however, the company became a subsidiary of GAZ - it began to assemble the GAZ-A and GAZ-AA cars.

What's coming back: