#ticlid

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Ticlopidine belongs to the drug class platelet aggregation inhibitors or anti-platelets. It is sold under the brand name Ticlid. Platelets are a type of blood cells that help in clotting blood. Ticlopidine prevents abnormal blood clotting by inhibiting platelets from clumping together. Due to its this property, the drug is useful for preventing stroke in patients who already had a stroke or those who are at risk of having one. It is also prescribed to patients for whom aspirin hasn’t been effective or those who can’t take aspirin for reasons such as allergy. It can also be used to prevent formation of blood clots in people with coronary stents, it as a metal tube that is inserted in clogged blood vessels using surgery, to keep the flow of blood uninterrupted.

Mechanism of action

 When the blood flows around the body, platelets move along the margins of inner wall of blood vessels, which is called endothelium. In normal conditions, platelets don’t stick to endothelium. But if the endothelium receives a damage or injury, sub-endothelium molecules are exposed, the main one of which is collagen that initiates clot formation. It is a thrombogenic molecule that binds to the special receptors on platelets. When platelets from the blood attaches to collagen, they are activated and their shape changes from biconvex discs into a dendritic shape. Upon activation, they produce Adenosine diphosphate (ADP). It is a prothrombotic molecule that attaches to specific receptors, accelerating further activation and attracting more platelets on the site of injury, result in blood clot formation.

Sometimes, portion of the blood clot may break from the site of injury and circulate in the bloodstream. It can block blood vessels in the brain or the heart, in which case, the brain and the heart will not receive enough blood. This can cause serious risks such as stroke or heart attack. Ticlopidine is used to avoid such risks in patients with certain cardiovascular conditions. The drug is taken orally and it works by inhibiting ADP from binding to platelet receptors. This blocks the process of blood clot formation and reduces the risk of heart attack and stroke in those patients.

Contraindication

 Ticlopidine is contraindicated with:

People with hemostatic disorder or active pathological bleeding, such as intracranial bleeding and bleeding peptic ulcer.

Patients with hematopoietic conditions such as thrombocytopenia, neutropenia or a history of aplastic anemia or TTP .

Patients of serious liver impairment