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Ticlopidine belongs to the drug class platelet aggregation inhibitors or anti-platelets. It is sold under the brand name Ticlid. Platelets are a type of blood cells that help in clotting blood. Ticlopidine prevents abnormal blood clotting by inhibiting platelets from clumping together. Due to its this property, the drug is useful for preventing stroke in patients who already had a stroke or those who are at risk of having one. It is also prescribed to patients for whom aspirin hasn’t been effective or those who can’t take aspirin for reasons such as allergy. It can also be used to prevent formation of blood clots in people with coronary stents, it as a metal tube that is inserted in clogged blood vessels using surgery, to keep the flow of blood uninterrupted.

Mechanism of action

 When the blood flows around the body, platelets move along the margins of inner wall of blood vessels, which is called endothelium. In normal conditions, platelets don’t stick to endothelium. But if the endothelium receives a damage or injury, sub-endothelium molecules are exposed, the main one of which is collagen that initiates clot formation. It is a thrombogenic molecule that binds to the special receptors on platelets. When platelets from the blood attaches to collagen, they are activated and their shape changes from biconvex discs into a dendritic shape. Upon activation, they produce Adenosine diphosphate (ADP). It is a prothrombotic molecule that attaches to specific receptors, accelerating further activation and attracting more platelets on the site of injury, result in blood clot formation.

Sometimes, portion of the blood clot may break from the site of injury and circulate in the bloodstream. It can block blood vessels in the brain or the heart, in which case, the brain and the heart will not receive enough blood. This can cause serious risks such as stroke or heart attack. Ticlopidine is used to avoid such risks in patients with certain cardiovascular conditions. The drug is taken orally and it works by inhibiting ADP from binding to platelet receptors. This blocks the process of blood clot formation and reduces the risk of heart attack and stroke in those patients.

Contraindication

 Ticlopidine is contraindicated with:

People with hemostatic disorder or active pathological bleeding, such as intracranial bleeding and bleeding peptic ulcer.

Patients with hematopoietic conditions such as thrombocytopenia, neutropenia or a history of aplastic anemia or TTP .

Patients of serious liver impairment

Ticlopidine should be taken with food. This increases the amount of medicine that is absorbed into the body. It may also lessen the chance of stomach upset.

Take this medicine only as directed by your doctor. Ticlopidine will not work properly if you take less of it than directed. Taking more ticlopidine than directed may increase the chance of serious side effects without increasing the helpful effects.

The dose of this medicine will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of this medicine. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

What is this medication?

TICLOPIDINE (tye KLOE pi deen) helps to prevent blood clots. This medicine is used to prevent strokes in patients who have already had a stroke, or those who are at high risk of having a stroke. This medicine may also be used in combination with aspirin to prevent blood clots in patients who have had a coronary stent placed.

This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions.

What should I tell my care team before I take this medication?

They need to know if you have any of the following conditions:

Anemia

High cholesterol

History of bleeding disorder

Kidney disease

Liver disease

Stomach ulcer

An unusual or allergic reaction to ticlopidine, other medications, foods, dyes, or preservatives

Pregnant or trying to get pregnant

Breast-feeding

How should I use this medication?

Take this medication by mouth with water. Take it as directed on the prescription label at the same time every day.

Take with food.

This medication is used to prevent strokes in people who cannot take aspirin or for whom aspirin has failed to work. It may also be used in combination with aspirin following certain types of heart procedures (such as coronary stent implant). Ticlopidine works by blocking platelets from sticking together and prevents them from forming harmful clots. It is an antiplatelet drug. It helps keep blood flowing smoothly in your body.

How to use Ticlopidine Tablet

Read the Patient Information Leaflet if available from your pharmacist before you start taking ticlopidine and each time you get a refill. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Take this medication by mouth with food or just after a meal as directed by your doctor, usually twice daily.