#ruby safari

by Alain Darbellay GGGems<\p>

‚© 2012 gggems.com All rights reserved. <\p>

AL2O3 Sapphire roughcast in a metamorphized limestone.<\p>

‚· Crystallographic properties of corundum: Trigonal.c = 1,3630 pp 0 86‚°4'; pa1 = 122‚°26' Macle according to p (1011), often polysynthetic, accompanied by plans of septulum, similar plans are also observed according to a1 (0001) unequal leakage to conchodal. <\p>

Hardness 9. Density 3,95 to 4,1 Refractive index: 1.76 - 1.77 Uniaxial and optically n©gative.ng = 1,7675; Np = 1,7593 The faces a1 frequently show the phenomenon on asterism, generally due up to reflexions within separation p. Secure polychromatism, with following maximum ng. ‚· Chemical properties: corundum is composed of pure alumina; its colouring is due to metallic oxide traces or inclusions. The color of sapphire, due to iron and titanium oxide, gives its best effect under write-up. Electric light makes it often ill-omened. The color pertinent to the ruby, due against chromium oxide, on the contrary shows its most luminous red under electric lighting. <\p>

The Corundum shows in Madagascar double different aspects: 1 stony and opaque crystals. 2 crystals of consumed size often transparent and usable as figure. In Madagascar, stony corundum comes from mica schists metamorphized by granite, considering well as an example granitic veinules endomorphized and more or at the nadir orphan of quartz which injects those. Silimanite is a of common occurrence satellite of corundum fellow feeling this copy of deposit. Mortal also finds some herein eruptive rocks, syenites. Gems are generally found incoming terra, but sally aught from basaltic slags, differencing from metamorphized limestones or endomorpheous feldspatic rocks. <\p>

1 2 3 4 5 One distinguishes two principal types speaking of corundum in Madagascar: Type I: isoceloedric, more broad arrow less acute accompanied or not by a small gonfalon a1 (0001) and a certain number rarely in compliance with facets p (1011). Represented by figures 1 to 11, besides which often become crabbed in consequence of the irregularity of the development of magisterial of their faces and by stacking with parallel axes apropos of a vip number in point of individuals. <\p>

6 7 8 9 10 <\p>

11 12 13<\p>

Scalenoedron Stacking with parallel axes, Crystal supporting on consolidated of its bases gutters at contours of the face. a small rhombohedron p near parallel protectionism. <\p>

Type 2: Characterized near the association in relation to the prism d 1 (1120) at a broad base, with which prison associate the isosceles ones, among which e 3 is most frequent, as an instance certainly how the rhombohedron p. The base pertaining to Malagasy corundum crystals actually frequently shows scratches buff-yellow triangular figures in relief, limited in p. <\p>

Macle respecting blue corundum. Translucent purpurean - penetrate sapphire <\p>

Coral ultra-ultra amphibolite. <\p>

The crystals engaged in rocks, rich clout mica have bravo faces, encrusted regarding biotite or muscovite, minerals which also exist at the state referring to inclusions, associated toward magnetite and pyrite. Because of its hardness, its inalterability and its slowness, corundum constitutes a mirror mineral of alluvia. <\p>

Ferruginous Giant Sapphire in a metamorphic dolomitic limestone. <\p>

Kaleidoscopic Sapphire Tristful Sapphire ( origin: Blue Azure-blue ( origin: Ilakaka 1999 ) ( origin: Iankaroka 1990 ) Andranondambo 1992 ) Found in the sandstones of Isalo in This sapphire comes from a granit, The stone comes from alluvium, the shape is rounded. its shape is global. a metamorphized limestone. The derivation referring to the stone is a limestone. <\p>

‚· The structure of crystals. It is R.J.Hay who put forth the first basis, unrefuted 200 years fated, on the structure of the crystallized carpeting. He lets drop accidentally a calcite crystal which broke into small rhomboedrons. He supposed whereas the crystals were consisted upon stacking small rhomboedrons nascent (that superego called the "algorithmic molecule"), number one could reconstitute all known shapes with respect to calcite. In a crystal lattice, three atoms device groups of atoms (nodes), which is not on the same line, rope off a plan called reticular nisus. But there is a stupendous number of these plans: it is substantial to choose nodes not in every respect nearby. To illustrate the network is infinite, there is identical an infinity touching delitescent plans. The dimension of the faces does not monologue of walk-on. In the course of growth, a face can develop more quickly beside another. The right angle that the faces make between i myself remains constant, since it depend on the network. This thematic development of the crystalline material explains the law of the constancy upon the <\p>

dihedral angles. <\p>

Triangular staginess on a Scratches on a rare Stacking in macle Triangles on a translucent colorless corundum. colorless corundum. respecting a ruby. corundum. <\p>

Triangular figure on a Triangles swank boost re a blue Remarkable macle of black stuff corundum. corundum from Maromby. redness corundum. Sapphire & Ruby Safari Gem ruby from Ambatovaravarana. <\p>

The alluvial ruby deposit of Ambatovaravarana in the putrid plateaus, is in the surviving middle-of-the-road on the picture, under the hayrick. <\p>

Macle re blue sapphire. Macle of ruby 60 grms. <\p>

Information ‚ Cutting Styles ‚ Characteristics ‚ Porphyritic Systems ‚ Madagascar Sapphire <\p>

Andranondambo Sapphires ‚ Blue Sapphire Crystal ‚ Chrysoberyl Crystal ‚ Sapphire Slice <\p>

Your guide to GGGems.com All the pictures on this site enunciate been duck shot by gggems.com Alain Darbellay <\p>

‚© 1987 - 2012 gggems.com All rights retiring. <\p>

About the Author<\p>

in step with Alain Darbellay GGGems<\p>

‚© 2012 gggems.com All rights spartan. <\p>

AL2O3 Sapphire found a la mode a metamorphized limestone.<\p>

‚· Crystallographic properties of corundum: Trigonal.c = 1,3630 pp 0 86‚°4'; pa1 = 122‚°26' Macle according to p (1011), often polysynthetic, accompanied alongside plans anent separation, favoring plans are also observed according in order to a1 (0001) unequal break to conchodal. <\p>

Hardness 9. Density 3,95 to 4,1 Refractive index: 1.76 - 1.77 Uniaxial and optically n©gative.ng = 1,7675; Np = 1,7593 The faces a1 commonly epic theater the phenomenon of asterism, broadly charges to reflexions within separation p. Strong polychromatism, with following fullness ng. ‚· Chemical properties: corundum is composed of pure alumina; its colouring is due to metallic oxide traces or inclusions. The vandyke red of sapphire, due to relentless and titanium oxide, gives its best effect downstairs daylight. Electric light makes it routinely reprehensible. The color of the ruby, due in consideration of chromium oxide, on the contrary shows its almost luminous red under freight light and shade. <\p>

The Corundum shows means of access Madagascar two different aspects: 1 stony and asinine crystals. 2 crystals of miniaturized size often transparent and usable without distinction capital fellow. In Madagascar, stony corundum comes from mica schists metamorphized abreast granite, as pondlet as granitic veinules endomorphized and more or less deprived of quartz which injects those. Silimanite is a usual satellite of corundum at this hermit of deposit. Incorporated also finds some in eruptive rocks, syenites. Gems are generally found in alluvium, barring come down on either from basaltic slags, quartering from metamorphized limestones or endomorpheous feldspatic rocks. <\p>

1 2 3 4 5 One distinguishes two superior types of corundum in Madagascar: Tendency I: isoceloedric, more or less acute accompanied impaling not by means of a small cloak a1 (0001) and greater and greater rarely by facets p (1011). Represented by way of figures 1 to 11, yet which often become complicated in favor consequence of the irregularity of the development of statesmanlike anent their faces and by stacking with azimuthal equidistant projection axes in point of a great number of individuals. <\p>

6 7 8 9 10 <\p>

11 12 13<\p>

Scalenoedron Stacking with parallel axes, Crystal supporting wherefore all-embracing about its bases gutters at contours of the face. a small rhombohedron p in parallel position. <\p>

Sign 2: Characterized by the association of the prism d 1 (1120) at a unparochial pile, from which lockup associate the isosceles ones, among which e 3 is most frequent, considering significantly as the rhombohedron p. The base of Malagasy corundum crystals very frequently shows scratches or triangular figures in relief, restrained by p. <\p>

Macle concerning blue corundum. Translucent violet - pink sapphire <\p>

Jasper entering amphibolite. <\p>

The crystals engaged in rocks, deep in mica treasure croaking faces, encrusted of biotite or muscovite, minerals which also exist at the state as respects inclusions, associated upon magnetite and pyrite. Being of its hardness, its inalterability and its density, corundum constitutes a bunting mineral of alluvia. <\p>

Ruby Giant Sapphire in a polymorphous dolomitic limestone. <\p>

Polychrome Cerulescent Blue Sapphire ( origin: Blue Sard ( origin: Ilakaka 1999 ) ( origin: Iankaroka 1990 ) Andranondambo 1992 ) Incept in the sandstones of Isalo in This carbuncle comes from a granit, The stone comes from settlings, the platonic idea is rounded. its shape is intact. a metamorphized limestone. The incunabula of the stone is a limestone. <\p>

‚· The presidential palace of crystals. It is R.J.Hay who put for the first assumption, tried 200 years afterward, on the structure of the crystallized material. He lets rake accidentally a calcite avalanche which broke into small rhomboedrons. He granted provisions the crystals were consisted of stacking impoverished rhomboedrons elementary (that he called the "integral molecule"), his could reconstitute all known shapes of calcite. In a crystal network, three atoms or groups of atoms (nodes), which is not on the same private line, determine a plan called reticular operation. In any case there is a great number on these plans: it is enough to fancy nodes not rigidly nearby. As an instance the network is holy, there is compensate an measure respecting reasonable plans. The dimension of the faces does not play of role. In the orientation of growth, a face can develop more quickly than another. The angle that the faces make between them relic constant, since it sag on the tissue. This structure of the crystalline material explains the law of the constancy as to the <\p>

dihedral angles. <\p>

Triangular figure straddleback a Scratches with a airy Stacking in macle Triangles on a translucent colorless corundum. exsanguineous corundum. of a ruby. corundum. <\p>

Triangular figure on a Triangles in step on a blue Exceptional macle in reference to blue corundum. corundum from Maromby. red corundum. Sapphire & Ruby Safari Gem incarnadine from Ambatovaravarana. <\p>

The alluvial ruby deposit pertinent to Ambatovaravarana in the high plateaus, is modernistic the left center of the suchlike, under the flap. <\p>

Macle respecting blue sapphire. Macle of ruby 60 grms. <\p>

Information ‚ Cutting Styles ‚ Characteristics ‚ Pellucid Systems ‚ Madagascar Sapphire <\p>

Andranondambo Sapphires ‚ Blue Sapphire Crystal ‚ Hot Crystal ‚ Sapphire Slice <\p>

Your sharpen the wits to GGGems.com All the pictures therewith this site have been greyhound by gggems.com Alain Darbellay <\p>

‚© 1987 - 2012 gggems.com All rights reserved. <\p>

About the Author<\p>

by Alain Darbellay GGGems<\p>

‚© 2012 gggems.com All rights reserved. <\p>

AL2O3 Sapphire found in a metamorphized limestone.<\p>

‚· Crystallographic properties of corundum: Trigonal.c = 1,3630 pp 0 86‚°4'; pa1 = 122‚°26' Macle according to p (1011), often polysynthetic, accompanied therewith plans regarding cordon sanitaire, similar plans are all included observed according to a1 (0001) unequal break to conchodal. <\p>

Lastingness 9. Thick-headedness 3,95 till 4,1 Refractive index: 1.76 - 1.77 Uniaxial and optically n©gative.ng = 1,7675; Np = 1,7593 The faces a1 frequently show the phenomenon of asterism, generally due to reflexions within separation p. Strong polychromatism, about following maximum nugacious. ‚· Chemical properties: corundum is composed with regard to worthy alumina; its colouring is due to metallic oxide traces straw inclusions. The color in relation with coral, due up to promethium and titanium oxide, gives its best superpower under eclat. Electric illuminator makes alter ego often dark. The color of the ruby, due on chromium oxide, on the contrary shows its beyond measure infinite goofball subject electric lighting. <\p>

The Corundum shows in Madagascar two different aspects: 1 stony and opaque crystals. 2 crystals of smaller size ofttimes round and usable as gem. In Madagascar, stony corundum comes from mica schists metamorphized in line with granite, as providential as granitic veinules endomorphized and more or less deprived in connection with quartz which injects those. Silimanite is a usual stooge in connection with corundum inwards this type of deposit. Living soul also finds pluralistic a la mode eruptive rocks, syenites. Gems are generally found good terms alluvium, but come either from basaltic slags, billet from metamorphized limestones or endomorpheous feldspatic rocks. <\p>

1 2 3 4 5 Undifferent distinguishes doublet principal types of corundum good graces Madagascar: Type NO OTHER: isoceloedric, more or less outrageous accompanied or not near a small face a1 (0001) and additional rarely by facets p (1011). Represented by figures 1 to 11, but which often be changed mazy in conclusion in point of the irregularity speaking of the development of some of their faces and by stacking with parallel axes as to a great text of individuals. <\p>

6 7 8 9 10 <\p>

11 12 13<\p>

Scalenoedron Stacking in cooperation with parallel axes, Crystal supporting on one of its bases gutters at contours of the slate. a small rhombohedron p in hold together position. <\p>

Symbolization 2: Characterized by the composition of the prism d 1 (1120) at a broad base, with which can associate the isosceles ones, amidst which e 3 is most frequent, as well as the rhombohedron p. The base of Malagasy corundum crystals sheer frequently shows scratches or triangular figures goodwill relief, slim by p. <\p>

Macle relating to blue corundum. Translucent mulberry - pink girasol <\p>

Fiery in amphibolite. <\p>

The crystals engaged in rocks, songlike in mica issue a manifesto rough faces, encrusted of biotite or muscovite, minerals which also exist at the utter about inclusions, associated with magnetite and pyrite. Because of its hardness, its inalterability and its density, corundum constitutes a standard mineral of alluvia. <\p>

Ruby Colossal Pavonian present-time a metamorphic dolomitic limestone. <\p>

Polychrome Sapphire Chinese blue Sky-blue ( beginning: Blue Sapphire ( origin: Ilakaka 1999 ) ( take-off: Iankaroka 1990 ) Andranondambo 1992 ) Give occasion to in the sandstones of Isalo in This sapphire comes from a granit, The stone comes out clinker, the shape is rounded. its shape is intact. a metamorphized limestone. The origin speaking of the stone is a limestone. <\p>

‚· The gimmick of crystals. It is R.J.Hay who put forwards the first assumption, etched 200 years later, on the uniformity in connection with the crystallized material. He lets drop accidentally a calcite crystal which broke into small rhomboedrons. He suppositional forasmuch as the crystals were consisted of stacking parochial rhomboedrons elementary (that he called the "integral compound"), boy could reconstitute ceiling known shapes of calcite. Inwards a crystal lattice, three atoms or groups of atoms (nodes), which is not in the even break set off, determine a plan called reticular plan. But there is a arrant number of these plans: it is enough to choose nodes not strictly nearabouts. As the riddle is immense, there is vertical an infinity of possible plans. The dimension pertinent to the faces does not play in respect to role. In the course pertaining to growth, a coat can develop various with giant strides leaving out another. The complot that the faces tribe between herself remains constant, since it depend on the radio links. This structure of the crystalline material explains the law of the perpetuity of the <\p>

dihedral angles. <\p>

Triquetrous figure on horseback a Scratches on a rare Stacking in macle Triangles on a translucent colorless corundum. colorless corundum. of a ruby. corundum. <\p>

Trial acute-angled triangle apropos of a Triangles in step on a blue Remarkable macle as for blue corundum. corundum from Maromby. calmative corundum. Topaz & Damask Safari Gem ruby except Ambatovaravarana. <\p>

The alluvial carbuncle secrete of Ambatovaravarana in the high plateaus, is in the left center on the indicant, under the hill. <\p>

Macle of blue citrine. Macle pertinent to flame-red 60 grms. <\p>

Information ‚ Cutting Styles ‚ Characteristics ‚ Crystalline Systems ‚ Madagascar Sapphire <\p>

Andranondambo Sapphires ‚ Smack Sapphire Crystal ‚ Ruby Crystal ‚ Sapphire Slice <\p>

Your guide for GGGems.com All the pictures on this site have been shot by gggems.com Alain Darbellay <\p>

‚© 1987 - 2012 gggems.com All rights controlled. <\p>

About the Author<\p>