#railbikes

Railriders Cycling: Oregon Coast runs three routes along the renowned beauty of the Tillamook County shoreline, running on tracks of the Port of Tillamook Bay Railroad and sharing space with the Oregon Coast Scenic Railroad. The three routes currently on offer form one of three operations in the Northwest established by Kim and Anita Metlen, the pioneers of organized railbiking in Oregon and Washington. I rode the two routes described below on June 20th and 21st, 2019, although I unfortunately didn’t have time to schedule the Wheeler South route into my travel plans. 

Vitals

Phone: 541-786-6165

Email: [email protected]

Website: https://ocrailriders.com/

Check-in Locations

Bay City to Tillamook: 5400 Hayes Oyster Drive, Bay City, OR

Wheeler North and South: 130 Marine Drive, Wheeler, OR

The Routes

The Wheeler North and South routes both start at a turnoff of in the north end of Wheeler, just as Highway 101 enters town. The 9-mile (14.5 km) round-trip Wheeler North route runs out of town along a vineyard and past dairy pastures before running on a trestle over the Nehalem River and then through ferny Northwestern forest.

As noted in the introduction, I was unfortunately unable (or too absent-minded?) to fit the 10-mile (16 km) round-trip Wheeler South route into my travel plans. However, as I describe in greater detail in the Travel Notes below, my bicycle ride down the coast took me along the tracks where it was easy to appreciate the views offered along the Nehalem Bay. I’ll have to return to the area to ride this route.

The Bay City route also starts starts along Highway 101, 17 miles (27 km) to the south of Wheeler and just north of Tillamook. The 12-mile (19 km) round-trip ride commences by what I took to be the world’s largest mound of oyster shells (see the intro photo above), but when describing it to my Connecticut coast born and bred mother, she made it sound as if 3-story heaps of blue point shells were round every corner in Bridgeport and Norwalk. The route offers a mix of Tillamook Bay views and open farmland, crossing many bridges and trestles over wildlife filled bogs, all under the hills of the Northern Oregon Coast Range.

As noted above, the three routes described here are part of a larger family of railbike tours founded by Kim and Anita Metlen, who deserve great admiration for the work they’ve done to promote cycling and recreation in the Northwest.

The routes stand out from others I’ve pedalled in that the line is still formally active and under the jurisdiction of the Federal Railroad Administration. While the line doesn’t currently handle freight in the vicinity of the railbike operations, the railbikes do share track with the Oregon Coast Scenic Railroad, subjecting the railbikes to federal safety regulations that treat them as inspection vehicles. The result is that riders wear safety vests and Railrider Cycling staff members are trained to operate safely in the manner of railroad maintenance workers. Given that I was riding my bicycle between the routes in northwestern drizzle, I was already wearing a high-vis raincoat and qualified to ride directly without an additional vest.

The line was originally constructed between 1906 and 1911 by the Pacific Railway and Navigation Company (PRN) to carry timber and agricultural products over the Northern Oregon Coast Range to Portland. Given the arduousness of maintaining a railroad in sopping coastal terrain, the line was dubbed Punk Rotten Nasty (PRN) by its workers. It was taken over by the Southern Pacific Railroad in 1916, and then the Port of Tillamook Bay Railroad as a shortline in 1990. Major storms in 1990, 1996 and 2007 segmented the line and mostly cut it off from the national network, although it has not been formerly decommissioned from future revenue service and a portion of the port operations, far from the segment used by the railbikes, still serves at least one lumber yard.

The Oregon Coast Scenic Railroad has been running excursion trains on the line since 2003. Raiilriders Cycling: Oregon Coast began the Bay City railbike route in 2016, and then expanded to the Wheeler North route in 2018 and the Wheeler South route in 2019.

The Vehicles

While all of the Railriders Cycling sites use a variant of the Railriders aluminum-framed and polyurethane-wheeled concept, the four-seat vehicles at  Raiilriders Cycling: Oregon Coast regularly undergo creative re-engineering to ensure maximum performance and reliability. I rode the Wheeler North route with site manager Nate Bell (with Tara, half of the lovely couple running the three routes), who described his work in the engineering and economics of preventing wheel and hub wear, shaft flexion, and other concepts familiar to my work in railroad operations. Nate has been involved in the construction of all Railcyclers railbikes and told me that the “railbikes are ever-evolving, it’s the fun part about making them!”.

To my view, the quality of vehicle hardware was found in the seats, seat belts, and use of proven components such as Shimano chain tensioners.

Travel Notes

I pedalled the sites described above as part of a rail and cycling journey through the Northwest, reaching the coast after several days of enjoying the bikey-beery offerings of Portland. The obvious way to reach the coastal railbiking sites is by car, but I did find another option readers might enjoy. I picked up a folding bicycle in Portland, which I took on the Northwest Point bus to Cannon Beach, and then rode the 18 miles (30 km) to Wheeler to pedal the railbikes. Conveniently, both the seat and bike reservation can purchased through the Amtrak app on a smart phone. The Salmonberry Saloon in Wheeler offers fresh, local seafood and views of the Nehalem River.

After railbiking in Wheeler, I continued cycling south on the coast for another 17 (27 km) miles to Bay City to spend the night before railbiking there. I stayed in a cabin at the the Sheltered Nook, which I found on AirBnB and highly recommend. After leaving Bay City the next day, it was a short 5.5 mile (8.8 km) ride to Tillamook where I caught the NW Connector bus (bike rack on the front and space aboard) back to Portland.

Here is the beauty of riding a folding bike along the Oregon Coast:

I hope that it’s apparent to any reader of this blog that, in addition to the post-apocalyptic attraction of pedalling carts along former economically critical infrastructure, I find pleasure and diversion in mobility. To that end, I offer this photo of progressive Portland, where urban mobility hits its resonant frequency in the point convergence of an aerial tramway, streetcar, bikeshare dock, and parking for about 400 bicycles. (and I took the photo from a pedestrian bridge alongside an outdoor, urban elevator where a scootershare was carelessly left in the way)...(and the blue thing in the upper left is a crane for loading and unloading barges on the Willamette River)...

Running on the tracks of the Joseph Branch of the Wallowa Union Railroad, Railrider Cycling: Joseph Branch has offered railbike excursions in and around Joseph, Oregon since 2015. The three routes currently on offer collectively form one of three operations in the Northwest established by Kim and Anita Metlen, the pioneers of organized railbiking in Oregon and Washington. I rode the two routes described below on the weekend of June 16th and 17th, 2019, they have already added another.

Vitals

Phone: (541) 786-6149 or (541) 605-8295

Email: [email protected]

Website: https://jbrailriders.com/

Check-in Locations

Jospeh to Enterprise: 501 W Alder Street, Joseph, OR

Minam to Wallawa and Minam to Rondowa: 72601 Highway 82, Minam, OR

The Site

Railrider Cycling: Joseph Branch offers three separate and distinct rides, each on a regular schedule.

Check-in for the Joseph to Enterprise ride is at a baby-barn office on the edge of Joseph (see Travel Notes below for more details), where I was greeted by the Site Manager Robert Nichols and a Guide named Marshall, a true local whose family also offers horseback excursions in the surrounding mountains.

The Minam to Wallowa ride starts from a turnoff along Oregon Route 82, beside the Minam Store outfitter. I was the only rider on the day I pedalled this route, and my guide Zane was a young, fit football player just out of high school. We surely broke the course record that day.

Since my time there, they’ve added a third route from Minam to Rondowa, running in the opposite direction as the Minam to Wallowa ride.

As noted above, the three routes described here are part of a larger family of railbike tours founded by Kim and Anita Metlen, who deserve great admiration for the work they’ve done to promote cycling and recreation in the Northwest.

The Site Manager Robert Nichols notes that, “our branch options are so much fun because they are such a simple and enjoyable way to get away from it all. A few minutes of pedaling and you can escape the day to day craziness and enter into peaceful wilderness.”

The Routes

The Joseph to Enterprise 12-mile (19.3 km) round-trip runs through open farmland surrounded by the snow-capped Wallowa Mountians. The Minam to Wallowa 26-mile (42 km) round-trip runs through the Wallowa River canyon and includes a lunch break in Wallowa. On each route, riders can expect to see local fauna; I saw osprey, killdeer, deer, and snakes.

(Joseph to Enterprise)

(Minam to Wallawa)

The line was initiated in 1890 by the Oregon Railway Extensions Company as a branch from the Union Pacific mainline from La Grande to Elgin, then extended to Joseph in 1905-1908 by the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company, totaling 63 miles (101 km). The line was intended to move timber from the dense forests of the region, but passenger service was offered as well. Ownership of the line was eventually transferred by consolidation to the Union Pacific Railroad in steps in 1910 and 1936, which operated mixed freight and passenger service until the 1960s (see the image just below) and freight from local timber operations until it was sold as a shortline to Rio Grande Pacific in 1993. In 2003, Elgin to Joseph tracks came under the ownership of the newly formed Wallowa Union Railroad Authority, which currently oversees freight and Eagle Cap excursion trains and, of course, railbikes.

(1960 Timetable, found at trainweb.org)

The Vehicles

While all of the Railriders Cycling sites use a variant of the Railriders aluminum-framed and polyurethane-wheeled concept, Joseph Branch stands out in that they only run two-seater tandem vehicles. Site Manager Robert Nichols described some of the modifications they made to the original design, which are generally found in the nuts-and-bolts details providing increased reliability with decreased maintenance. Robert also notes that, “our retractable seatbelts are really handy, and...our brakes and the placement of where we have the handle works well and is convenient for our guests.”

See the image below of the Joseph to Enterprise guide vehicle, which has been outfitted with electric assist (compare to the vehicles at the Skunk Train). Also of interest is that Railriders Cycling sourced their own wheels. When writing about railbiking in Buffalo Creek, West Virginia, I noted that they had replaced the front wheels with cast-iron Speeder wheels to prevent them from climbing up the tracks and derailing in tight curves. This was accomplished on the Minam to Wallowa route by molding a harder compound of polyurethane (below in orange).

Travel Notes

I visited Joseph as part of a trip through the Northwest, from the Amtrak stop in Pasco, Washington and the neighboring Tri-Cities and inland port on the Columbia River. While Greyhound offers service to Joseph, neither transit nor cycling fit into my tight weekend schedule, so I opted to travel the 292-mile (470 km) round trip by rental car. The scenery along the ride was impressive, through farmlands, forest, high-desert scrub, around the the majestic Nine Canyon Wind Farm, and ultimately along the tracks of the Joseph Branch.

Joseph, formally a city of population 1,081 (what we’d call a hamlet in NY), is at the core of a region rich in outdoor activity, including hiking and horseback riding in the Wallowa Mountains, boating in Wallowa Lake, and fishing and kayaking on local rivers. I also saw rodeo grounds by the start of the railbike tour. The city caters well to visitors and includes art galleries, cafes and beerhalls and was recognized by the New York Times as the Oregon town to “try next.” From experience, I can recommend the Stein Distillery and the Jennings Hotel, which I booked on AirBnB.

6 miles (10 km)  south of Joseph is is the must-see, must-do, must-ride Walowa Lake Tramway aerial cable car 3700 ft (1128 meter) ascent to the top of Mount Howard. Beyond the outdoor restaurant atop one can find paths leading to views of the lake and surrounding mountains, plus joyful creatures looking for treats.

The North Pend Oreille (”pon-der-ay”) Valley (NPOV) Lion’s Club Rail Riders commenced their second season of railbiking on the tracks of the Pend Oreille Valley Railroad on the weekend of June 15th and 16th, 2019. Running six full weekends through the season, this all-volunteer run service organization dedicates itself to betterment of the community of Ione and the “Forgotten Corner” of northeast Washington.. I pedalled the route though the valley from Ione on June 15th, 2019.

Vitals

Phone: 844 RAIL RIDE (844-724-5743)

Email: [email protected]

Website: https://lionsrailriders.com/

Check-in Address: 101 Railroad Ave, Ione, WA 99139

The Site

Check-in is at the station in the small village Ione, which formerly served the NPOV Lion’s Club excursion train (and across a parking lot from a bar and grille).

While the history of the line is summarized below, I’ll also share this direct quote from the NPOV Lions Club, describing the contributions they’ve made to the region over the years.

In 1981, NPOV Lions Club started a train ride...with a single flat car, wooden benches with chicken wire fencing...that carried 60 passengers along the scenic Pend Oreille River from Ione to Metaline Falls. The success of the ride over the years had increased to 7 train cars (including a caboose!) and ridership to over 10,000 guests each season. From humble beginnings, North Pend Oreille Valley Lions Excursion Train Ride rolled to a stop after 35 years of providing family fun on October 23, 2016.

This created a new challenge for NPOV Lions Club.  Funds raised from the train ride supported local, regional, and international projects. Nothing could replace the train but NPOV Lions now have a new, exciting, family fun event…RAIL RIDERS!

The Route

The initial route is a 6-mile (9.7 km) round trip from the Ione station along the river to the turnaround at the trestle overlooking the magnificent Box Canyon Hydroelectric Dam. Upon return to the station, riders are offered an additional 3-mile (4.8 km) round trip through farmlands and forest south of Ione.

The line was originally constructed from 1909 to 1911 as the Idaho and Washington Northern (I&WN) to carry lumber and cement from the valley to larger, mainline markets. I cannot readily find evidence of passenger service, although it is easy to imagine that locals used the freight services as connections to mainline passenger services. Through various financial transactions, operation of the line was taken over by the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railroad before being sold to the Milwaukee Road, who ran the line from 1916 until bankruptcy in 1979. This was followed by the public creation of the Port of Pend Oreille, which took over maintenance and operation of the newly named Pend Oreille Valley Railroad (POVA).

While the new venture initially served cement, newsprint and lumber operations, the NPOV Lions Club began running excursion trains in 1981. These trains ran a slowly expanding fleet until the cost of regular line inspections led to the 2016 discontinuance of rail service in the northern part of the line, opening the opportunity for railbiking, which commenced in 2018. Freight operations and the Newport Priest River Rotary Club SPORT (Scenic Pend Oreille River Train) continue further south on the line.

The Vehicles

As seen in many railbiking operations around the country, the NPOV Lions built their own bike based on the Railriders aluminum-framed and polyurethane-wheeled design. Lion Larry Pollack showed me the design and construction modifications he and the rest of the Lions made, including converting bolted connections to welds and moving the front wheels and axles to to the extreme front of the vehicles.

Moving the wheels to the front logically offers increased vehicle stability, but also created the challenge of decreasing seat adjustment range, potentially affecting taller riders. Larry explained that he has plans to deal with this and I look forward to seeing his next design update.

Travel Notes

I travelled to Ione as part of a trip through the Pacific Northwest while staying in Spokane, Washington. I didn’t see any good options for using public transit to reach Ione from Spokane for a day trip. Also, given that Ione is 85 miles (137 kms) north of Spokane, it would have been impractical to cycle there and back in the time I had, so I opted for a rental car. The drive was impressively scenic, running through hills and farmlands and ultimately paralleling the Pend Oreile River and Railroad. Nearby attractions include the Seattle City Light Boundary Dam and the Tiger Historical Museum.

The cultural and entertainment offering in Spokane (note to fellow North-Easterners: it’s apparently pronounced Spo-can) far exceed expectation with classic spots such as the Davenport Hotel and contemporary offerings such as the Volstead Act. The Spokane River waterfront is a charming park comprised of bicycle and pedestrian trails and bridges, featuring the Numerica SkyRide aerial tramway over the Spokane Falls hydro-electric generator.

Railfans, and fans of Americana in general, will appreciate Frank’s Diner, housed in a former Barney Smith railcar that once served as the presidential car for the Northern Pacific Railroad.

Amtrak’s once-per-day westward Empire Builder is scheduled to leave Spokane at 02:45. The train was delayed just enough for me to enjoy the sunrise as I boarded.

Sharing track with the Newport and Narragansett Bay Railroad, Rail Explorers Rhode Island Division runs two separate routes from their Portsmouth Grove station near the historic, seaside city of Newport, Rhode Island. Both rides run along bays on northern Aquindeck Island and offer their own, unique experiences. I pedalled both of these routes in July of 2017, so some of the details might have changed since then. The 2019 season launched on May 11 and is running five to seven days per week.

The Routes

The Northern Ramble is a 6-mile (9.7 km) one-way ride through varying scenery and terrain, from trestles over New England bogs to coastal forest canopy along the Narragansett and Mount Hope bays. At one point, it feels as if the rails are being engulfed by a golf course, at the next riders pedal under the majesty of the Mount Hope Bridge. I pedalled this route in both directions to enjoy the scenery from each perspective and highly recommend this to anyone up for 12 miles (19.3 kms) of railbiking.

The Southern Circuit is a six-mile (9.7 km) round-trip along the Weaver Cove and East Passage of the Narraganset Bay. The picnic area at the Bayside Station turning point is ideal for special event tours, such as the Fireside Friday, Sunday Brunch with mimosas, and enjoying the sunset over the bay.

Rail Explorers Rhode Island Division runs on track used by the Newport & Narragansett Bay Railroad Co., which has been running excursion and dinner trains since 2014. Former heritage railroads along the route included the Newport Dinner Train founded in 1997 and the Old Colony and Newport Scenic Railway founded in 1979. The line originally ran from Fall River, Massachusetts, ending scheduled passenger service as early as 1938 and freight service before 1973. A barge collided with the Sakonnet River rail bridge in 1988, resulting in the removal of the bridge in 2006, which then isolated the remaining section on Aquindeck Island from the national network.

Coincidentally, our AirBnB host told us that he was a member of a coalition dedicated to the conversion of the line to a rails-to-trails mixed-use path. I haven’t been able to find much evidence of such a coalition online, although there is a proposed plan from 2016 supporting this idea. However, per Rail Explorers founders Mary Joy Lu and Alex Catchpoole, the Rhode DOT has dominion over the use of the line and have given multi-year track use commitments to Rail Explorers and  the Newport and Narragansett Bay Railroad.

This blogger fully supports rails-to-trail projects on disused railroads.

The Vehicles

The railbikes are the same steel frame and wheel models described in posts about the Rail Explorers Catskill Mountain and Las Vegas divisions shown here in Las Vegas in the Rail Explorers Instagram feed.

View this post on Instagram

A post shared by Rail Explorers USA (@railexplorersusa) on Dec 16, 2018 at 2:28pm PST

Travel Notes

When the ferries are running in the summer, there are many alternative routes for reaching Newport. On the outward journey, we took Amtrak from Penn Station to Providence where we transferred to the ferry to Newport. We returned by taking the morning ferry to Block Island, after touring the island taking the ferry to New London, CT, and then returning to NY by Amtrak.

Other potential routes include a combination of Long Island Rail Road to Greenport and ferry to Block Island or New London, Long Island Rail Road to Montauk and ferry to Block Island or New London, or the ferry from Jamestown.

Any of these journeys includes lighthouses, oysters, and arrival at the ferry terminal in Newport, where bicycle rentals can be found steps away at Hooley. The ride to Rail Explorer’s starting point is an easy 8.5 miles (13.7 kms) away.

Last note: Newport is a tourist town and full of top-notch dining options, so many restaurants fill up on summer weekends. Reservations are strongly recommended.

Running through the Pudding Creek estuary below the coastal town of Fort Bragg, California, the California Western Railroad has recently commenced their second season of railbike tours. The 7-mile (11.3 km) round-trip takes riders across several small bridges over the milky Pudding Creek and under patches of redwood trees, all surrounded by the nature of coastal California. I rode this route on March 9th, the second day of the 2019 season, which lasts until November.

The Site

Check-in was in downtown Fort Bragg at the “Skunk Train” station, named for the former gas-burning, self-propelled railcars that ran along the line, said to emit such an odor that the locals would quip, "You can smell 'em before you can see 'em." Upon arrival, the excursion train was was out on a run, but there was still one historic passenger coach in the yard to admire. The Mendocino Coast Model Railroad and Historical Society is next door.

The railbike route starts at a short walk across downtown, which has an active business district for lunch and shopping. Note that this is one of only a few examples of lines on which railbikes and tourist trains are run by the same outfit, so ticketing and other operations are completely integrated.

The Route

Leaving town, the line runs down a relatively steep grade to the Pudding Creek estuary. It was raining when we rode, so we didn’t see any of the native heron or osprey but, as noted above, the creekside and redwood forest scenery were outstanding.

The turnaround is in a clearing called Glen Blair Junction where there a is switch for a former branch to an erstwhile logging camp. There is no turntable or other mechanism for turning the bikes around, they are light enough for two people to lift and turn themselves.

As noted by the Chief Skunk Robert Jason Pinoli, “the thing that is so cool about the Railbikes as it meshes with the 134-year-old Skunk Train operation is that someone who has been a previous passenger of ours and has ridden the rails countless times and loves the Redwood Route™ will surely want to come back for this new experience.” He also notes that the railbikes speak to people of all ages and are a natural extension of of the open-air rail cars, in that they provide “that same awe-inspiring sense of being amongst the giant redwoods, coupled with your inner kid being unleashed on a bike.”

Past, Present & Future

The 3.5 miles (5.6 kms) of track used for the railbike route are part of the 40 miles (64 kms) of the California Western Railroad (CWR), which runs inland from the Pacific Coast at Fort Bragg to meet the Northwestern Pacific Railroad at Willits, California. The CWR started as the Fort Bragg Railroad in 1885 to move timber from nearby logging operations to the coast for shipment. Over the following 25 years, it was extended in sections to Willts and passenger service was introduced. While the route flourished in the first half of the 20th century, passenger services gradually declined to only tourist excursion trains while freight services ended completely by 2001.

In 2016, Tunnel #1, which connects the Pudding Creek and Noyo River valleys, was blocked from storm damage, isolating the 3.5 mile (5.6 km) Pudding Creek section from the rest of the line and the national network. The Skunk Train runs tourist trains on both sides of the blocked tunnel, and, according to Pinoli, “we are looking to build 12 more bikes and run them in the Noyo River canyon. Not to mention we are looking to build some to run out of Willits whereby you’d take the train to the ‘launch’ point, do the ride and then catch the returning or next train.”

The tunnel is currently under repair and will eventually reconnect the line to Willits, where there are proposals of connecting to expansions of either the Northwestern Pacific Railroad or the Sonoma-Marin Area Rail Transit (SMART). Moreover, when the tunnel is repaired, Pinoli also intends to run his railbikes through the 1,122-foot (342 m) tunnel.

The Vehicles

Skunk Train built their own frames from scratch, using urethane wheels from RailRiders in Colorado and electric assist drivetrains from the the Australian Engineering firm Dillenger. I tested the assist a bit on the return climb and could feel a significant boost up the hill. It was also fun being able to see our speed displayed along the way.

On another note, it rained fairly heavily on our return ride, which gave me the opportunity to test hard braking of urethane wheels on smooth, wet tracks. I was able to get the vehicle to slide, but only for a short distance before it came to a stop.

Travel Notes

Running on the tracks of the former Buffalo Creek and Gauley Railroad, the Buffalo Creek Recreational Trail (BCRT) offers railbike and open-air railcar tours in a relaxed, interactive and highly hospitable environment. Under the umbrella of the Clay County Business Development Authority, the burgeoning trail is the grassroots beginning of an 18-mile (29-km) eco-tourism corridor for railbiking, cycling, horseback riding, kayaking, fishing, camping and Speeder-powered rail excursions. I pedalled the route on April 13th, 2019, the opening day of their second season of railbike tours. 

The Site

Check-in is at 867 Buffalo Creek Road, just outside of the town of Clay and near the confluence of the Buffalo Creek and Elk River. BCRT has a gift shop at the check-in office, which, as the staff explained to me with great pride, was stocked only with locally made product, contributing thousands of dollars into the local economy to support crafts and handiwork. The start of the ride is collocated with an active little league baseball field and a campground and lodge, all coming together as an exhibit of the strong sense of local community.

While this is one of only a few routes to be reviewed in this blog that is in no way connected to a heritage rail operation, BCRT does offer powered options to enjoy the scenery of the Buffalo Creek. In addition to railbikes, they run a Speeder pulling bespoke open-air trailers, and optionally will tow the railbikes as well.

The Route

We rode 12 miles (19.3 kms) round trip on a section of the 18-mile (29-km) former  Buffalo Creek and Gauley Railroad. The railroad was opened in 1904 and ran coal transport continuously until 1965, notably being the last US line to run steam engines in commercial operation. The route was reopened twice in the early 1970s and mid-1990s by other coal-related commercial interests, but saw its final revenue service in 1999. 

While the section of track we rode is in relatively good shape, much of the line was destroyed by a flood in 2016. FEMA funds are in the works for restoration of the entire line, which would create opportunities to expand the railbike excursions well beyond the current route. BCRT staff shared ideas they had for the future of the line, such as setting up cabins along the way and renting railbikes to campers and fishermen for longer stays. 

We were on the first run of the opening day of the season, so as it turned out, I was the only railbiker riding behind the speeder and trailers. We stopped several times to enjoy sights along the way, where BCRT staff shared history and local lore. While the entire route is through scenic forest canopy right along the Buffalo Creek, some of the noteworthy sites include former rail infrastructure, the remains of a derailed coal hopper, water-honed rock formations and a waterfall. The route passes through a clearing that was once a railroad company town called Adair, the only evidence left being a well-maintained cemetery. As described on a plaque in the clearing, the local school only gave instruction up to the eighth grade, so children rode the scheduled coal trains to get to Clay High School and back.

The Vehicles

In the DIY spirit of the the old coal rail line, BCRT keeps things simple. The railbikes are no-frills models from Railriders in Colorado. There are no seat belts and seat adjustments are held in place with eye bolts. This stripped down approach makes for a fast, fun ride, especially on the gradual slope of the return ride (where I had the fortune of riding 6 miles (9.7 kms) completely alone).

The only significant modification is the replacement of the stock urethane front wheels with cast iron wheels similar to those used on the Speeder and trailers. BCRT staff explained that the line has especially tight curves in which the urethane wheels would climb up the rails and derail, but the cast iron wheels slide through the curves. They also told me about some ideas they had for future modifications, such as adding motors and experimenting with driving the two front wheels independently (each wheel driven separately by each pedaller).

At the turnaround, BCRT staff had installed a jack-fitted lift for rotating the vehicles for the return trip. But it wasn’t necessary, the vehicles are light enough to pick up and turn.

Travel Notes

Clay is 47 miles (75.6 kms) from the West Virginia capital Charleston. A sane person would arrive there by car. At the risk of simultaneously bragging and revealing my lack of sanity, I arrived by bicycle. I loaded my road bike onto the Amtrak in NY and rode to Charleston the day before, then rode my bike to Clay and back to Charleston. I’m not sure if the mixed modes count as a century ride, but I did pedal over 100 miles, adding the distances of the bicycle and railbike.

Welcome and thank you for visiting the Railbike Blog, a place that I intend to develop as the premier resource for railbiking in North America. Over the coming months, not only will I write reviews of each of the excursions currently on offer, I’ll also explore the people, politics and technology that have shaped modern railbiking. 

What is railbiking? While I offer a more specific definition below, it is exactly as it sounds: pedal-powered vehicles used on railroad tracks.

In the past two years, I’ve pedalled 8 routes and count another 8 across the continent to pedal this year. Please let me know if there are any excursions I’ve missed and should add. Also, if anyone knows of a legal opportunity to ride a bicycle fit with an outrigger for rail travel (photo above right), please let me know. Here is the list of North American routes to the best of my knowledge.

Previously Pedalled:

Rail Explorers Rhode Island Division: The Northern Ramble and the Southern Circuit

Rail Explorers Las Vegas Division: The Southwest Ramble

Rail Explorers Catskills Division (NY): The River Run

Rail Explorers Adirondack Division (NY): Saranac Lake to Lake Clear and “Into the Wild” from Tupper Lake to Lake Clear (neither currently on offer)

Rail Explorers Delaware Division: Brandywine Valley (not currently on offer)

Revolution Rail Co: North Creek, NY

Planned to Pedal:

Railriders (WA): North Pend Oreille Valley Lions Club 

Railriders Joseph Branch (OR): Joseph to Enterprise and Minam to Wallowa

Oregon Coast Railriders (OR): Bay City to Tillamook and Wheeler

Vance Creek Railriders (WA): Camp 1 to Shelton

Adirondack Scenic Railbike Adventures (NY): Round trip Thendara to Carter Station

Belfast and Moosehead Lake RailCyclers (ME)

Please read below for my working definition of modern railbikes, along with a brief history of the concept. In coming posts, I’ll offer more detail on how the current vehicles and routes came to be. I look forward to sharing this with you.

Definition

For the purposes of this blog, a Railbike is a non-motorized, pedal-powered rail vehicle used for inspection and maintenance-of-way or for recreation on railroad lines. Railbikes are distinguished from motorized draisines in that they are pedal-powered in the manner of bicycles. For the same reason, they are further distinguished from handcars, velocipede handcars, and hand-powered draisines (NB, European systems tend not to use this distinction and use the generic term draisine universally). While initially used for track inspection and light transport of rail materials, typical modern examples are for recreational tourist excursions. Most modern railbikes run on disused railroads or on shared track with tourist railroads, although this does not preclude railbikes from operating on purpose-built tracks.

(The author on a Rail Explorers tandem railbike during the “Into the Wild” excursion in October of 2016, Tupper Lake - Lake Clear, Adirondacks, NY)

A Brief History

Unsurprisingly, the evolution of the railbike is tied closely to the evolution of both the railroad and the bicycle. Given the need for a lightweight rail inspection vehicle, light enough to be easily removed from tracks to clear the way for oncoming trains or to reverse direction of travel, the inventors Perry and Aspinwall patented the original three-wheeled velocipede hand-car, which was later improved and mass-produced by the George S. Sheffield Company of Three Rivers, Michigan, US in 1883 [1] [2].

(Advert for Geo S. Sheffield's early three-wheeled handcar, 1883 [4])

Following the introduction of the chain-driven bicycle in the late 1860s, which was mass-produced starting in 1885 by British inventor John Kemp Starley as the Rover Safety Bicycle, Charles N. Teetor of Hagerstown, Indiana, US, patented a four-wheeled pedal-powered railbike called the Railway Velocipede, one of the earliest examples of a pedal-powered railway vehicle [3]. A side-by-side tandem version with passenger seating was produced by Orenstein & Koppel of Berlin, Germany six years earlier [4].

(Sketch of Teetor's pedal-powered, chain-driven Railway Velocipede from the original 1895 patent [3])

(Orenstein & Koppel side-by-side tandem with passenger seating, c.1890 [4])

Following Dunlop's 1887 invention of the pneumatic bicycle tyre and subsequent mounting improvements by Michelin in 1891, the Sears and Roebucks Catalog offered the "Harris 20th Century Railroad Attachment" in 1908. The catalog described the attachment as transforming "the ordinary bicycle into the most practical and durable device obtaining high speed on railroad tracks, making a regular railroad velocipede out of an ordinary bicycle...this attachment has become very popular with railroad and telegraph employees, both male and female" [1] [4]

(Harris 20th Century Railroad Attachment as seen in the Sears and Roebuck catalog, 1905 [1])

Abandonment Creates Room for Recreational Railbikes

The 20th-century trend toward the use of private automobiles, buses and airplanes decreased the use of trains in many countries [5]. Large-scale abandonment of railroads followed the Beeching cuts in the UK in 1963 and the Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act in the US 1976, the latter leaving almost 35,000 miles (56,000 km) of disused track [1]. By the mid-1970s, the magazine Popular Mechanics advertised conversion kits for using standard bicycles on abandoned railroads available from the American Railbike Association [6]. Thus, the abandoned railroads created a space for a new form of leisure.

(Advert for conversion kit, Popular Mechanics,  February, 1976)

References

Melin, B., Railbike: Cycling on Abandoned Railroads, Balboa Publishing, San Anselmo, CA, 1996

US Patent RE10303 E, Handcar, https://www.google.com/patents/USRE10303

US Patent 569683 A, Railway Velocipede, https://patents.google.com/patent/US569683A/

Thomas, J., Historic Builders of Velocipedes and Other Hand Powered Vehicles, http://velocipedes.blazerweb.co.uk/newsletters/Newsletter19b.pdf

Gallamore, Robert E. and Meyer, John R., American Railroads: Decline and Renaissance in the Twentieth Century, Harvard University Press, 2014