#pump-action

American Mossberg 500 Shotgun cal. 12-gauge w/ Standoff Barrel

One of the most famous and popular of the Remington shotgun lines became the Remington M870 (Model 870) series. The type overtook the Remington Model 31 line in 1951 and has seen constant production since with an estimate 10,000,000 units sold - undoubtedly a commercial success for the storied concern. Design of the M870 is collectively attributed to L. Ray Crittendon, Phillip Haskell, Ellis Hailston and G.E. Pinkney to which their work has gone on to find roles as a sporting, civilian home defense, general security, law enforcement, frontline military and special forces close-quarters system. It has proven reliable, robust and very manageable while being generally inexpensive.

The Model 870 is a wholly-conventional pump-action slide shotgun offering. The design constitutes a rectangular receiver housing the requisite internal action, a forend slide assembly over the tubular magazine with barrel mounted over and a full shoulder stock incorporating a pistol-type grip. Shells are loaded individually through the underside loading gate to which the operator then manages the pump-action slide to introduce a fresh shell into the chamber whilst ejecting any possible spent casing within. Spent casings are ejected through an oblong port along the right side of the receiver. Depending on the model and caliber, the M870 can house four to seven shells in its tubular magazine with an extra shell already in the chamber ready-to-fire. Barrel lengths also vary based on model and chosen barrel installation and this directly effects overall weight of the system (7lbs to 9lbs). Iron sights are provided though rifle-type scopes can be affixed as required through special added mounts.

The M870 has appeared in numerous forms throughout its long and storied history. The firearm has come available in the well-accepted 12-gauge form but has also appeared in 16-, 20- and 28-gauge as well as a .410 bore system capable of firing slug, buckshot and flare rounds. One of the more popular M870 sub-models is the "Wingmaster". Accessories include a forward hand grip along the slide with tactical pistol grip for a more compact overall form.

Operators of the M870 are many and include Australia (military), Austria (special forces), Bangladesh (army), Canada (army, police); China (army, marines), Finland (army), Germany (army), Greece (special forces, police), Hong Kong (police), Hungary (military), Ireland (army), Israel (army), Luxembourg (special police), Malaysia (special forces), South Korea (navy special forces), Sweden (army), Switzerland (army), the United Kingdom (special forces) and the United States (military, border patrol, security and police). The M870 is under illegal production in China under the NORINCO brand label as the HP9-1.

Specifications for the Remington Model 870 (M870):

Country of Origin: United States

Manufacturer: Remington Arms Company - USA / NORINCO - China

Initial Year of Service: 1950

Overall Length: 1280mm (50.39in)

Barrel Length: 760.00mm (29.92in)

Weight (Empty): 7.50lbs (3.40kg)

Caliber: 12-, 16-, 20- or 28-gauge; .410 bore

Action: Pump-Action Repeating

Feed: 4- or 7-round tubular magazine

Rate-of-Fire: 15 rounds per minute

Sights: Base Iron; Optional Optics

Variants:

Model 870 - Base Series Designation

Model 870 Mark 1

Model 870 Express

Model 870 Express Combos

Model 870 Express Deer Gun

Model 870 Express Slug Gun (12 & 20)

Model 870 Express Synthetic

Model 870 Express Synthetic 18"

Model 870 Express Synthetic Deer Gun

Model 870 Express Turkey

Model 870 Express Turkey Camo

Model 870 Express Super Mag

Model 870 Express Super Mag Combo

Model 870 Express Super Mag Synthetic

Model 870 Express Super Mag Turkey

Model 870 Express Super Mag Turkey Camo

Model 870 Express Super Mag Waterfowl

Model 870 Marine Magnum

Model 870 SPS (Special Purpose Synthetic) Super Mag Camo

Model 870 SPS-T Camo Thumbhole

Model 870 SPS-T Super Mag Camo

Model 870 Wingmaster

Model 870 Wingmaster NRA Edition

Model 870 Wingmaster Dale Earnhardt Tribute

Model 870 Wingmaster Classic Trap

Model 870 Wingmaster LW-Small Bore

Model 870 Wingmaster Super Mag

Operators:

The Franchi SPAS-12 was a semi-automatic, 12-gauge shotgun noted for its variable-mode firing method in which the weapon could be fired via a gas-operated, semi-automatic mode (featuring self-loading) or a manually-actuated, pump-action / slide-action system. The SPAS-12 could, therefore, fire up to four rounds per second in the former mode, its dual-mode system managed by way of a two-position selector switch near the foregrip. The SPAS-12 was specifically designed as a combat shotgun and anti-riot measure but eventually marketed as a sporting system to civilians. Production of the series - handled by Luigi Franchi Development of Brescia, Italy (Franchi S.p.A), known for good quality shotguns - ran from 1979 to 2000 to which global operators became Austria, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia and the United States. The Franchi firm was eventually sold to SOCIMI of Milan, which filed for bankruptcy in 1993, leaving Franchi to come under the experienced leadership of the famed Beretta concern. its imposing external characteristics made it a popular featured firearm in Hollywood films such as "Terminator", "3,000 Miles to Graceland", "Underworld" and "Jurassic Park".

Despite its futuristic appearance and dual-function fire mode, design of the SPAS-12 was somewhat conventional as a whole. The shoulder stock (detachable wooden, synthetic or folding metal) was appropriately set at the rear behind the pistol-type grip with the trigger system protected by an oblong ring. The receiver was mostly rectangular in shape with clean straight lines throughout and sported the cartridge ejection port along the right hand side. Perhaps the forend hand guard / slide of the SPAS-12 was its most identifiable design element, wrapping around the tube magazine fitted underneath the barrel. Shells were inserted into the tube magazine one behind the other. Sights were optional as were muzzle accessories, broadening the tactical scope of the weapon. General iron sighting was accomplished by a rear aperture and front blade arrangement. Beyond standard slug and spread rounds common to shotguns, the SPAS-12 could also "fire less-than-lethal" ammunition for the purposes of riot control - hence its interest by security parties. While fitted with an integrated lever safety, issues with the system resulted in a product recall.

There were few variations in the SPAS-12 production line and early forms were actually completed with a wooden fully detachable stock but this eventually gave way to the more common folding metal version. A synthetic stock was also later offered. The metal version could also be fitted with an optional folding underarm "loop" for improved single-handed firing - though this was always thought as impractical to most, considering the sheer weight and recoil of the weapon. The SPAS-12 family could subsequently be found sporting between 18- and 24-inch barrel systems and ammunition counts ranging from 5-, 6- and 8-rounds.

The SPAS-12 attempted to break the civilian sporting gun market but the system ultimately proved too unwieldy and generally complex for big game hunting or competition and the shotgun was eventually outlawed from import in the United States for its very "militaristic" features (high ammunition count, semi-automatic fire mode, heat shield for sustained firing, etc...). With the American gun market out of reach and global interest limited, Franchi ended production of their SPAS-12 in 2000. However, the lessons learned in its design and development went on to forge the later SPAS-15 series of automatic shotguns.

In the military market, the Franchi SPAS-12 found a home with Austria's EKO Cobra counter-terrorism units. Similarly, Indonesia fielded the SPAS-12 with their Komando Pasukan Katak and Komando Pasukan Khusus special warfare groups. Malaysia assigned the shotgun to their Special Operations Force and Bangladesh purchased the weapon in quantity for their Presidential Special Security Force. In the United States, SWAT teams were given access to the SPAS-12 for a time but the shotgun never found a permanent military home with the American military.

Incidentally, the acronym used to designate the SPAS-12 stood for "Sporting Purpose Automatic Shotgun", this being something of a psychological effort on the part of Franchi S.p.A. to help counter import bans and other restrictions arising within several countries by making the gun appear as more of a "sporting" system than the obvious. Regardless of its limitations and reach, the SPAS-12 went on to become one of the most recognizable shotguns in history.

    Specifications for the Franchi SPAS-12.

    Country of Origin: Italy

Manufacturer: Franchi S.p.A. - Italy.

Initial Year of Service: 1979.

Overall Length: 1041mm (40.98in)

Barrel Length: 546.00mm (21.50in)

Weight (Empty): 9.70lbs (4.40kg) 

Cartridge: 12-Gauge.

Action: Gas, Semi-Automatic / Pump-Action.

Feed: 8-Round Tubular Magazine.

Rate-of-Fire: 4 rounds per minute.

Range: 131ft (40m; 44yds)

Sights: Optional. 

Variants:

SPAS-12 - Metal Folding Stock; 8-round capacity.

SPAS-12 - Synthetic Fiber Stock; 5- or 6-round capacity.

LAW-12 - Based on the SPAS-12 - Semi-Automatic Fire Only.

SAS-12 - Based on the SPAS-12 - Pump-Action Fire Only. 

Operators:

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