Letâs Talk about COVID19 (Part 2 of 5) - Things People Should Know
Handwashing remains one of the best forms of disease prevention. Bleach-based cleaning products like many household wipes are useful for surface cleaning for surfaces that are more likely to have high concentrations of viruses. These include doors, handles, toilet and bathroom fixtures and personal items like smart phones, computers, keyboards and controllers. However, in terms of reducing your risk to contracting COVID19 (and, more importantly, preventing you from spreading it to others), vigorous hand washing for 20 sec (In American hospitals, we are taught to sing the first line of âHappy Birthdayâ), proper hand drying followed with application of a hand sanitizer is likely to be more effective. It is also very important to minimize touching your eyes, nose and mouth whenever possible. This is because most viruses cannot survive outside the body for more than a couple hours. Cleaning your hands is not about killing the virus, but rather about the physical process of rubbing and rinsing, thus removing the virus from your skin's surface so in the event you do touch your nose, mouth, eyes, or any other exposed mucous membranes, you are less likely to have stuff on your hands that could infect you.
What is the incubation period? 2 weeks max.
Who is getting sick? This disease affects some segments of the population more than others: The elderly and immunocompromised (i.e., Anyone with a health condition or lifestyle factor that would make it harder for their bodies to fight off infections). One of the few saving graces about COVID19 is that unlike influenza, most young children do not seem to become seriously ill even if infected (Hence why closing schools is being proposed in many parts of the world. Children would be able to easily transmit the disease to adults despite showing no symptoms). Many people who are healthy will instead experience something not unlike a bad cold or flu, but people who are more vulnerable run the risk of developing pneumonia as a result of a serious infection. However, compared to other densely populated countries, Chinaâs population skews much older, which is part of why the disease is more of a problem for their healthcare system. Youâll notice the mortality for this disease is quite low, but the severe infection rate is quite high. Â Itâs not that COVID19 is unusually deadly, but that more people in China who have contracted it thus far were very vulnerable to developing and dying from pneumonia.
So why are we worried? Well, this disease affects people who will likely need acute medical care and/or people who already need receive medical care. That burdens the medical infrastructure of most regions (Aka surge capacity). Because COVID19 is a new disease, we donât know which treatments work the best, aside from treating pneumonia  with oxygen masks and ventilators and providing antivirals that we think may work). In short, we wonât be able to treat large numbers of people rapidly. Most patients can be treated effectively in a medical setting, but if a hospital with 200 open beds suddenly has to treat 300 people, thatâs difficult. We also are concerned about asymptomatic infections (wherein a person doesnât seem or feel sick, but is infected, and thus continues with their normal routine), which might result in a more vulnerable person falling sick (i.e. community transmission).
The places we really worry about are places like India, where there are many people with chronic conditions, but weaker, less dense medical infrastructure (particularly rural areas), or cities like Shanghai and parts of Japan with large numbers of senior citizens, or cities like LA, with large number of homeless people (many of whom are both elderly and have chronic illnesses). If many people get sick at the same time, our existing health systems will have difficulty coping, and thatâs what doctors and public health workers worry about. However, for the private citizen, this is not a super big deal as long as the infection doesnât progress to pneumonia (which it wonât for most people).