#line changes

They don’t always know. THis is always a hard question to answer for me because like, it’s kind of anti-climactic. They just...do it. Like there are some players with specifi roles and they know exactly how long tehy need to be out and in what situations. In the bruins/leafs series Patrice Bergeron, Zdeno Chara, and Charlie McAvoy jump onto the ice every single time Auston Matthews does. But matchups are a little bit different than line changes. 

So let’s say, how does a player know to change against an okay team, during a meaningless game, and it’s 5 minutes into the second and the team is up 3-1. At this point, people kind of admit to not knowing. They kind of go until something else on the ice suggests they should come off. Shifts are typically 30-60 seconds. 30 seconds is around where a fourth line winger would go and 60 seconds is about where your top d man goes. But that’s average, some shifts can go up to 2 minutes like how the leafs have ron hainsey play full  penalty kills. so guys will generally, know what that feels like, they’ll know who they’re supposed to be on the ice with, and they know the rules of the game. So like a player isn’t going to go for a line change after he ices the puck. But if the other team ices the puck they may need to ask their coach or at least look towards the bench. 

Line changes are less about calling a line off and more about arranging which players are supposed to be on the ice. For instance, if you’re the centre and you’re not looking towards the bench. But your winger decides it’s a good tiem to get off the ice you may realize it’s time for a change when you see that you have a different lines winger out there with you. It just isn’t always a good time to change lines. You generally want to change lines when possession changes zones and you want to do it in a staggered fashion with the d men. So you want to dump the puck towards a d man and then get off the ice. This would allow your team to remain in possession and for your forward line to get off the ice while the d waits for their players to come back out on the ice. Or you’re just skating by the bench through the neutral zone and as one player hops off another hops on. 

Line changes are notoriously really confusing. There’s this joke about how not even the players really know how line changes work. There are times where they work really well, like between stoppages of play you can just put a line out there that you want (except after your team commits an icing). But during play it can get more confusing. You may here the term “Dump and change” For instance and this means that the team who wants to change their line will dump the puck into the other zone, this will give them more time to get off the ice and the other players get on the ice and hopefully the other team will be so busy chasing the puck down that the other team will be allowed to change relatively unaffected. but sometimes bad line changes can directly cause goals, which is the worst. What you’ll usually see is that forward lines and defense pairs will not change at the same time. which as, you said, can sometimes put your team in a real bad spot.

There’s the other issue which you didn’t address specifically, but the idea of too many men. You’d think this wouldn’t happen as much because guys should know how many players are allowed to be on the ice. but line changes are confusing and sometimes guys will be caught on the ice during a change but the other line coming on won’t notice. The NHL does allow for a little bit of leeway here. Basically, you can have 6 guys on the ice as long as one of them is actively trying to get off the ice and the 6th guy cannot touch the puck until the guy he’s replacing is off the ice. As you can’t throw your whole team out on the ice to clog up the other team but if you have a guy who’s stepping onto the bench his replacement is allowed to already be off the bench. 

unfortunately line changes are one of the most complicated things in hockey and even players have said they don’t really know how they work. Generally players will know when to change themselves and the coach will focus more on which line will be up next. There can be a lot of strategy in it when the coach basically says “I want this match up” so a player will know to leave the ice if they matchup with a player their coach does not want them to. 

1st line:

Saader-Tazer-Shawzy

2nd line:

Kit-Stromer-Kaner

3rd line:

Kubi-Dach-Nyles

4th line:

Smitty-Carp-Kamper

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