#kufic script

Persian, Samanid dynasty (Nishabur) earthenware plate. The translation of its adornment in Kufic script reads: "planning before work protects you from regret."

A Mihrab in Kufic Script, ca. 1800 ink on paper

[Ring in a style was common in the arabic speaking region. The text on the stone reads Allah in arabic Kufic script. from about 800 - 1099. found in Birka, a viking age period trading port located in modern day Sweden. Photo: Christer Åhlin. SHM archeological collection]

I am trying to drop subtle hints that:

1. islam was most likely a known religion for the norse iron age people of the viking age period. someone during the viking age period used this ring in Birka after all!

2. the nordic countries never were, and never have been, isolated from the rest of the eurasian continent+african continent.

Literature references

Mikkelsen, E. 2008. The Vikings and Islam. I Brink, S. & Price, N. (red.).The Viking World. London & New York

Jansson, I. 1988. Wikingerzeitlicher orientalischer Import in Skandinavien. I Oldenburg – Wolin – Staraja Ladoga – Novgorod – Kiev. Handel und Handelsverbindungen im südlichen und östlichen Ostseeraum während des frühen Mittelalters. Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission Band 69. Mainz