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Course Code: MASS2113\10

ID:123473

TEDTalks4: History of blood transfusion

Blood transfusion started in the date of 1881 by coincidence, when a person called William Halsted went to help his sick sister. The sister was in hard situation and she was losing much of blood after she gave birth. Her brother and who was doctor at the same time bring a needle in order to transfer the blood from his body to his sister body. A while later the sister opened her eyes and start feeling well, that happened because of blood type sharing between the doctor and his sister.

However, in the year 1667, the premier blood transfusion among humanity is come to light by John Baptiste Denné who is a French physicist. The function of this operation happened when Denné transfers the blood of a goat to a sick man called Antoine Mauroy. In the first time the results were positive, but in the second time of this operation Mauroy health turned upside down. The fever came to his body with a pain feeling in his back and other health problems occurred to him.

Bill Schutt said “immune response was happen in Mauroy body, then something called antibodies which is a kind of proteins was produced because of this immune response”. He continued “antibodies Knows the foreign proteins when inter the body making it easy to destroy them”. The destroyed proteins go out the body by the help of urine but destroying much of cells can lead to health diseases like clots. Because of that failure, blood transfusion was forbidden for lots of centuries in all of Europe.

While in the date of 1901, the story of knowing the blood types (O), (A), (B), (AB) begin by an Austrian physician called Karl Landsteiner. As a result of that, blood transfusion made a big achievement between people. For that, Landsteiner do an experiment when he mixed two different type of blood, he saw that the cells destroyed, which could lead to the formation of clots. On the other hand, when he mixed two same types of blood the cells not destroyed as for that no clots formation will happen.

Later on, specially in 1907, people lives were in save hands since doctors around the world try another method in order to make blood transfusion goes effectively. They mixed small quantity of blood before transferring it into people’s body. Since that, direct blood sharing between people was the successful transfusion because no clots formation was happened even if was touched or polluted by the air. For that, no blood loosing was happened when the person was bleeding because of this procedure.

In 1914 and 1916, researchers discovered two different remedy which stops clots formation. The first one was chemical sodium and the second one was the heparin which is used until now. In addition, heparin and equipments that carry blood were there in World War 1 in the battlefields, American and British researchers developed these equipments. And then it became one of the most important tools used in hospital around the world.