#fatosphere

For decades, mainstream media has dominated the portrayal of ideal beauty, often presenting narrow and exclusionary standards for women (Henriques & Patnaik 2021). This "thin ideal" has typically favoured young, white, and able-bodied individuals, while marginalizing and demonizing fat bodies (Grabe, Ward & Hyde 2008). These representations depict fatness as grotesque, destined for ill health, and a burden on the public purse (Ata & Thompson 2010). Traditional media platforms offered limited opportunities for individuals, particularly those with fat bodies, to stand up for themselves or confront and criticize negative representations and descriptions of these negative portrayals.

The proliferation of digital technologies and social media platforms has empowered diverse voices, particularly those representing marginalized identities (Ren, Wu & Zheng 2022). Technological advancements, such as smartphones and laptops, have empowered individuals to create, share, and reclaim their narratives. This democratization of media has enabled fat individuals to curate and disseminate self-representations that challenge traditional beauty norms and promote body positivity. The ubiquitous practice of "selfies" exemplifies this shift, allowing individuals to portray themselves on their own terms, free from the constraints of mainstream media filters (Hampton 2015).

Social media has further fostered the development of the "Fatosphere," a virtual community where fat individuals can connect, share experiences, and advocate for social change (Dickins et al. 2016). The Fatosphere serves as a platform for self-affirmation, information sharing, and collective action aimed at challenging societal perceptions of larger bodies and individuals (Lupton 2016). The Fatosphere facilitates collective action and activism, challenging societal perceptions of fatness and advocating for greater inclusivity and acceptance (Williams 2017). This includes utilizing hashtag activism to raise awareness and promote positive change (Chen, Pain & Barner 2018). Despite its positive contributions, the Fatosphere faces criticism. Some argue that it promotes unhealthy lifestyles or delegitimizes public health concerns (Dickins et al. 2011). However, it is crucial to acknowledge the movement's core tenets: fostering self-acceptance, empowerment, and community building (Betton et al. 2015).

Tumblr, known for its diverse content and explicit content, has played a significant role in fostering fat-positive communities (Amundsen 2022). There are thousands of Tumblr sites dedicated to “fat liberation” and “body acceptance” (Schultz 2015). It serves as a gateway to resources and discussions related to body acceptance, activism efforts, and personal experiences shared among fat-identified individuals (Reif, Miller & Taddicken 2022). Tumblr has supported fat communities on the platform that reflect and illustrate the broader online fat acceptance movement as well as providing a wealth of knowledge worth observing about fat bodies and fat people (Lupton 2016). 

Reference list

Amundsen, R 2022, ‘Sex and Social Media’, Information, Communication & Society, vol. 25, no. 12, pp. 1845–1848.

Ata, RN & Thompson, JK 2010, ‘Weight Bias in the Media: a Review of Recent Research’, Obesity Facts, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 41–46.

Betton, V, Borschmann, R, Docherty, M, Coleman, S, Brown, M & Henderson, C 2015, ‘The Role of Social Media in Reducing Stigma and Discrimination’, British Journal of Psychiatry, vol. 206, no. 6, pp. 443–444.

Chen, GM, Pain, P & Barner, B 2018, ‘“Hashtag Feminism”: Activism or Slacktivism?’, Feminist Approaches to Media Theory and Research, Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, pp. 197–218.

Dickins, M, Browning, C, Feldman, S & Thomas, S 2016, ‘Social Inclusion and the Fatosphere: the Role of an Online Weblogging Community in Fostering Social Inclusion’, Sociology of Health & Illness, vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 797–811.

Dickins, M, Thomas, SL, King, B, Lewis, S & Holland, K 2011, ‘The Role of the Fatosphere in Fat Adults’ Responses to Obesity Stigma’, Qualitative Health Research, vol. 21, no. 12, pp. 1679–1691.

Grabe, S, Ward, LM & Hyde, JS 2008, ‘The Role of the Media in Body Image Concerns among women: a meta-analysis of Experimental and Correlational studies.’, Psychological Bulletin, vol. 134, no. 3, pp. 460–476.

Hampton, C 2015, ‘#nomakeupselfies: the Face of Hashtag Slacktivism’, Networking Knowledge: Journal of the MeCCSA Postgraduate Network, vol. 8, no. 6.

Henriques, M & Patnaik, D 2021, ‘Social Media and Its Effects on Beauty’, Beauty - Cosmetic Science, Cultural Issues and Creative Developments.

Lupton, D 2016, ‘Digital Media and Body weight, shape, and size: an Introduction and Review’, Fat Studies, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 119–134.

Reif, A, Miller, I & Taddicken, M 2022, ‘“Love the Skin You‘re In”: an Analysis of Women’s Self-Presentation and User Reactions to Selfies Using the Tumblr Hashtag #bodypositive’, Mass Communication and Society.

Ren, S, Wu, Y & Zheng, Y 2022, ‘Exploring the Impact of Social Media on Female Self Image’, Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, vol. 664.

Schultz, K 2015, Fat Activism and Collective accountability: from Virtual Community Fat Activism and Collective accountability: from Virtual Community to Embodied Coalition to Embodied Coalition, Thesis, College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences Theses and Dissertations, p. 194.

Peggy Elam tells the world that fat activists are fighting back:

There is growing recognition of the existence of weight stigma and the harm it does to body, mind and spirit. There is the birth of the fat studies field and associated publications. There is a vibrant Fatosphere allowing body liberation activists and advocates to connect across the globe. There is even a small press whose mission includes publishing fat positive fiction. (Ahem.)

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