Double Marker Test in Pregnancy: Early Risk Screening Made Simple
During pregnancy, there is a possibility that the chromosomes of developing featus might not form correctly, resulting in improper development of the baby. Such issue arises when there is an abnormal number of chromosomes. A screening method called the double marker test, or dual marker test, helps evaluate the likelihood of certain inherited conditions.
The double marker test is widely used to assess the chances of genetic variations. It helps in identifying the risk of conditions such as Down syndrome, Patau syndrome, and Edward syndrome. This test is part of early prenatal screening and is typically performed during the first trimester, within the first three months of pregnancy.
Certain couples may have a higher probability of having a child with birth defects. This risk increases with factors such as advanced maternal age, a previous history of congenital issues, diabetes, or the use of specific medications during pregnancy. Screening tests like the double marker test allow early assessment of such risks. It is also a key component of first trimester screening and helps detect possible chromosomal abnormalities, which may otherwise lead to developmental concerns or health complications after birth.
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What is the procedure?
It is a simple blood test that requires drawing a blood sample from a vein in the arm. It measures two important markers:
Free Beta hCG (human chorionic gonadotrophin)
PAPP-A (pregnancy-associated plasma protein A)
Higher levels of Free Beta hCG may indicate an increased risk of conditions such as Down syndrome or Trisomy 18. Lower levels of PAPP-A are also associated with a higher likelihood of Down syndrome. Trisomy refers to a condition where there is an extra chromosome present.
No fasting is required before the test. Variations in the levels of these markers can suggest a possible chromosomal imbalance.
In addition to the blood test, a nuchal translucency (NT) scan is usually advised. This ultrasound measures the fluid-filled space at the back of the babyโs neck and provides additional information for risk assessment.
The double marker test price may vary depending on the diagnostic center and location.
When is the test recommended?
The double marker test is often advised as a routine screening, but it becomes especially important in the following situations:
โข Women in their 35 and above
โข Those who have a family history of genetic or congenital disorders
โข Presence of diabetes or a strong family history of metabolic conditions
What is the purpose of the test?
This test is designed to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in the developing baby. It does not provide a definitive diagnosis but indicates whether further testing may be required.
Disclaimer: For personalised advice and further information, always consult your physician or qualified healthcare professional.
