#death dates

June 4

[1039] Holy Roman Emperor, Conrad II died.

[1615] The fortress at Osaka Japan, fell to Shogun Leyasu after a 6-month siege.

[1647] Parliamentary forces captured King Charles I and held him prisoner.

[1717] The Freemasons were founded in London.

[1738] King of Great Britain, George III was born.

[1783] The Montgolfier brothers demonstrated the first hot-air balloon.

[1792] British General, John Burgoyne died.

[1794] British troops captured Port-au-Prince, Haiti.

[1796] Napoleon Bonaparte commanded the Siege of Mantua, which resulted in the exclusions of Austrians from Northern Italy.

[1798] Italian adventurer, Giacomo Casanova died.

[1798] Irish rebel, Lord Edward Fitzgerald died.

[1867] President of Finland, Carl Gustaf Mannerheim was born.

[1887] Vice President of the U.S., William A. Wheeler died.

[1895] Italian official, Dino Grandi, conte di Mordano was born

[1895] Sultan of Johore, Abu Bakar died.

[1911] Gold was discovered in Alaska's Indian Creek.

[1917] The first Pulitzer Prize was awarded.

[1918] Vice President of the U.S., Charles Warren Fairbanks died.

[1919] The 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which gave women the right to vote, was passed by the Senate, two weeks after being approved by the House of Representatives.

[1920] The Treaty of Trianon was signed by representatives of Hungary on one side and the Allied powers on the other, concluding World War I.

[1937] The world's first shopping carts were introduced at Humpty Dumpty grocery stores in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

[1940] Dunkirk evacuation ended.

[1941] Emperor of Germany, William II died.

[1942] Japan was repulsed by the United States at the Battle of Midway in World War II.

[1944] Allied troops liberated Rome.

[1945] United States, Soviet Union, Britain and France agreed to divide up occupied Germany.

[1952] President of Poland, Bronisław Komorowski was born.

[1970] The Kingdom of Tonga achieved independence within the British Commonwealth.

[1989] Thousands died in the Tiananmen Square Massacre.

June 03

[1492] Martin Behaim presented the world's first globe.

[1808] President of Confederate States of America, Jefferson Davis was born.

[1844] Vice President of the United States, Garret A. Hobart was born.

[1853] British archaeologist, Sir Flinders Petrie was born.

[1864] Considered one of the worst Northern defeats of the American Civil War, the second Battle of Cold Harbor (Virginia), which would result in the loss of about 7,000 Union soldiers under General Ulysses S. Grant, began.

[1865] King of the United Kingdom, George V was born.

[1899] Austrian composer, Johann Strauss II died.

[1901] Chinese warlord, Zhang Xueliang was born.

[1929] Chile and Peru signed the Treaty of Lima, finally resolving their boarder dispute from the War of the Pacific (1879-1883). Chile kept Arica and Peru regained Tacna.

[1937] Some six months after abdicating the British throne, Prince Edward, Duke of Windsor (formerly Edward VIII) married American socialite Wallis Simpson (who became Duchess of Windsor).

[1943] A mob of 60 from the Los Angeles Naval Reserve Army beat up everyone perceived to be Hispanic, starting the week-long Zoot Suit Riots.

[1982] The Israeli ambassador to the U.K. was shot.

[1989] Pro-democracy protest in Tiananmen Square crushed by Chinese military.

[1998] 101 people died in the Eschede train disaster.

Things I Don’t Want to Write About

I’m sitting here mentally sifting through possible blog topics to expound on for today’s posts, but there’s so much I don’t want to write about, I’ve already written about, or don’t know enough to write about and don’t care to delve deeper into the matter. I don’t want to write about is the advertisement that appears on top of the page when I have opened a document in Word. I bought the program,…

June 24

[79] Roman Emperor, Vespasian died.

[451] 10th recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet.

[843] Vikings destroyed Nantes.

[1128] Alfonso I of Portugal defeated the army of his mother, Theresa.

[1322] Jews were expelled from France for the 3rd time.

[1441] Eton College founded in England by Henry VI.

[1497] John Cabot became first European to set foot in North America since the Vikings.

[1509] Henry VIII was crowned King of England on Westminster Abbey, London.

[1519] Italian noble, Lucrezia Borgia died.

[1532/1533] English noble, Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester was born.

[1533] English Princess, Mary Tudor died.

[1540] English King Henry VIII commanded his 4th wife, Anne of Cleves, to leave the court.

[1692] Kingston, Jamaica, was founded.

[1768] Queen of France, Marie Leszczyńska died.

[1793] 1st republican constitution in France adopted.

[1795] U.S. and Great Britain signed Jay Treaty, 1st U.S. extradition treaty.

[1812] Russia invaded by Napoleon and his Grand Armée.

[1859] The Battle of Solferino, the last engagement of the second War of Italian Independence was fought Lombardy.

[1860] King of Westphalia, Jérôme Bonaparte died.

[1901] 1st exhibition by Pablo Picasso aged 19, opened in Paris.

[1902] King of England, Edward VII developed appendicitis, delaying his coronation.

[1908] President of the United States, Grover Cleveland died.

[1932] The Promoters Revolution, a bloodless coup, overthrew Prajadhipok, the King of Thailand, ending the absolute monarchy and initiating the so-called Constitutional Era.

[1987] Football player, Lionel Messi, one of the game's premier players, was born in Argentina. 🇦🇷

[2002] Africa's worst ever train disaster killed 281.

June 23

[930] World's oldest parliament, the Icelandic Parliament, the Alþingi (anglicized as Althing or Althingi), was established.

[1298] German King Adolf of Nassau was deposed in favour of Albert I.

[1305] French-Flemish peace treaty signed at Athis-sur-Orge.

[1314] Battle of Bannockburn began.

[1532] Henry VIII of England and Francois I of France signed secret treaty against Emperor Charles V.

[1658] Dutch troops occupied last Portuguese Fort at Jafnapatnam in Ceylon.

[1661] Marriage contract for Charles II of England and Catharina of Portugal.

[1683] William Penn signed friendship treaty with Lenni Lenape Indians in Pennsylvania; only treaty "not sworn to, nor broken".

[1703] Queen of France, Marie Leszczyńska was born.

[1724] Russia and Turkey signed Treaty of Constantinople.

[1763] Empress of France, Joséphine was born.

[1794] Russian Empress Catherine II (Catherine the Great) granted Jews permission to settle in Kiev.

[1794] French Noble, Alexandre, Viscount de Beauharnais died.

[1865] The Cherokee chief and Confederate General, Stand Watie, surrendered at the close of the American Civil War - one of the last Confederate commanders to do so.

[1868] American inventor, Christopher Latham Sholes and two others were granted a patent for a typewriter.

[1894] The International Olympic Committee (IOC) was founded.

[1894] King of the United Kingdom, Edward VIII was born.

[1925] An expedition under A.H. MacCarthy and H.F. Lambert became the first to reach the summit of Mount Logan, the second highest mountain in North America.

[1960] 1st contraceptive pill was made available for purchase in the U.S.

[1961] The Antarctic Treaty was enacted.

[1972] Hurricane Agnes became America's costliest natural disaster, affecting 15 states, with 119 deaths and $3 billion in damage.

[1989] Movie "Batman" premiered.

[1992] Yitzhak Rabin's Labor Party won the election in Israel.