MASH clinical guidelines for APPs offer the resources to diagnose, stage, create treatment plans, monitor disease, and implement best practices in the metabolic care of the liver. APPs, as frontline clinicians managing patients with multiple complex cardiometabolic conditions, have a critical involvement in the liver-related complication and the overall health burden. Advanced Practice Providers (APPs) through the MASLD Community Network, and structured care pathways, and non-invasive risk stratification, multidisciplinary team (MDT) collaboration, and ongoing education, are equipped to provide confident, consistent, and real MASH impact.

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In this video, researchers delve into the intricacies of patellar tendon rehabilitation, shedding light on the often overlooked aspect of precise load application. They introduce a novel loading index incorporating peak load, loading impulse, and loading rate to guide clinicians in optimizing tendon loading during rehabilitation. By bridging theory and practice, this study equips healthcare professionals with evidence-based strategies to enhance treatment outcomes for patellar tendon injuries, offering a valuable resource for refining clinical decision-making in this domain.

MedicalResearch.com Interview with: Renato D. Lopes MD, MHS, PhD Professor of Medicine Division of Cardiology Duke University Medical Center Duke Clinical Research Institute Alexander C. Fanaroff, MD, MHS Division of Cardiology and Duke Clinical Research Institute Duke University, Durham, North Carolina MedicalResearch.com: What is the background for this study? What are the main findings? Response: About ten years ago, a group of researchers examined the evidence supporting guideline recommendations in cardiology for the first time. Quite surprisingly, they found that only 11% of recommendations in American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines were supported by evidence from randomized controlled trials, the highest level of evidence. The researchers called for greater collaboration among investigators and funders in identifying key research questions, development of streamlined clinical trial methods, and expansion of funding for clinical research. Over the past 10 years, some of these steps have been taken, but it is unclear how the evidence supporting guideline recommendations has changed. We therefore analyzed the 51 current cardiovascular guideline documents -- 26 from the ACC/AHA and 25 from the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) -- including 6,329 recommendations. Overall, 8.5% of recommendations in ACC/AHA guidelines and 14.3% of recommendations in ESC guidelines were supported by evidence from randomized controlled trials. When looking specifically at guidelines that have been updated, we found no significant changes in the proportion of recommendations supported by evidence from randomized controlled trials. MedicalResearch.com: What should readers take away from your report? Response: Solid evidence from randomized controlled trials helps physicians understand how best to take care of patients; without good evidence, physicians are forced to rely on intuition or flawed data from observational studies. Randomized controlled trials can more definitively show which treatments work and do not work. Despite a lot of hard work to facilitate conducting clinical trials to generate evidence critically needed to take care of patients, there has not been much change in the proportion of guideline recommendations supported by this kind of evidence. The incremental changes made in the last 10 years may not be enough, we may need wholesale changes in the way we conduct clinical research, with more focus on developing systems to utilize data generated in the course of routine clinical practice into randomized controlled trials, relaxation of certain regulations surrounding enrollment of patients into clinical trials and monitoring during clinical trials, and a greater focus on funding collaborative, multi-center efforts to conduct critical clinical trials. It will also take a concerted effort to demonstrate to patients the importance of clinical trials; a small proportion of patients participate in clinical trials, and clinical trials can literally not happen without patients. It will take a team effort from researchers, physicians, the pharmaceutical and device industries, hospitals, insurance payers, and patients to make the necessary changes. MedicalResearch.com: What recommendations do you have for future research as a result of this study? Response: Our research focuses on cardiovascular guidelines, but we suspect the state of the evidence is probably similar in other specialties and subspecialties. It would be useful to know more about changes in level of evidence supporting recommendations in other specialties. More importantly, we would not necessarily call for more research about lack of clinical trials, but for more clinical trials! There are so many important questions that don't lend themselves to clinical trials as the clinical research ecosystem is currently constructed (with most studies funded by the pharmaceutical and device industries), but the medical research community should change the system so that these questions can be answered, and patients should partner with physicians and researchers in demanding that these questions be answered. We have no disclosures related to this study. Citation: Fanaroff AC, Califf RM, Windecker S, Smith SC, Lopes RD. Levels of Evidence Supporting American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and European Society of Cardiology Guidelines, 2008-2018. JAMA.2019;321(11):1069–1080. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.1122 he information on MedicalResearch.com is provided for educational purposes only, and is in no way intended to diagnose, cure, or treat any medical or other condition. 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