#basic law

Basic Law of the Federal Republic of Germany

I. Basic Rights

Article 1 [Human dignity – Human rights – Legally binding force of basic rights]

(1) Human dignity shall be inviolable. To respect and protect it shall be the duty of all state authority.

(2) The German people therefore acknowledge inviolable and inalienable human rights as the basis of every community, of peace and of justice in the world.

(3) The following basic rights shall bind the legislature, the executive and the judiciary as directly applicable law.

Article 2 [Personal freedoms]

(1) Every person shall have the right to free development of [their] personality insofar as [they] do[...] not violate the rights of others or offend against the constitutional order or the moral law.

(2) Every person shall have the right to life and physical integrity. Freedom of the person shall be inviolable. These rights may be interfered with only pursuant to a law.

Article 3 [Equality before the law]

(1) All persons shall be equal before the law.

(2) Men and women shall have equal rights. The state shall promote the actual implementation of equal rights for women and men and take steps to eliminate disadvantages that now exist.

I have concerns about the Nation-State bill passed in Israel. From its text, it calls for:

1. “The actualization of the right of national self-determination in the state of Israel is unique to the Jewish people.” 2. “Hebrew is the language of the state. [and] The Arabic language has a special status in the state; the regulation of the Arab language in state institutions or when facing them will be regulated by law.” 3.  The state views Jewish settlement as a national value and will labor to encourage and promote its establishment and development.

The first point draws a clear line of who is entitled to self-determination in Israel (Jewish people) and who is not (Palestinians), even though Palestinians also have claims to their land and their rights within Israeli territory.

Secondly, even if the section about language states that Arabic’s status will not change, it’s clear that Hebrew has been elevated to a higher plane.

Finally, the language of the law makes clear that the proliferation of Israeli settlements--however illegal and however they may infringe on the rights of Palestinians--will remain a priority.

Reports are that the US is building up its military forces in the UK.   Is an invasion of Greenland imminent? “The western hemisphere is ours,” declared US Secretary of State, Marco Rubio, after the US successfully entered Venezuela.   If it was ok for the US to invade Venezuela, why isn’t it ok for Russia to invade Ukraine? Or for China to invade Taiwan?  We are in a more dangerous world…

New Post has been published on https://china-underground.com/2019/08/25/interview-with-isaac-cheng-vice-chairman-of-demosisto-the-hong-kong-government-must-respond-to-the-five-demands/

Interview with Isaac Cheng, vice-chairman of Demosistō: the Hong Kong government must respond to the five demands

Isaac Cheng is the vice-chairman of Demosistō, currently a year three student in Sociology at Shue Yan University.

He was inspired by the protests against the National Education curriculum and proceeded to join Demosisto (香港眾志) when he was in secondary school. Cheng specializes in education and youth policies, especially issues regarding brainwashing education and pressure on students. He has also cooperated with education organizations to express opinions and hand in petitions to the Education Bureau in response to its policies.

Demosistō was initially established on 10 April 2016 as a political party. The organization aims to achieve democratic self-determination in Hong Kong, through direct action, popular referenda, and non-violent means. Secretary-general Joshua Wong is the leader of the organization.

During a press conference, Cheng said secondary students plan to boycott classes on Mondays when schools resume in September to protest against the government response to the extradition bill. He also defended the planned boycott, rejecting criticism that they are too young to take such a decision.

Cheng said he believes high school students are mature enough to decide whether or not they want to join. He said almost 20,000 of students had taken part in their survey held about the issue & they had made judgements on their own.

The five demands of the Hong Kong protesters

withdraw the extradition bill

leader Carrie Lam to step down

inquiry into police brutality

those who have been arrested to be released

greater democratic freedoms

Related: Interview with Badiucao, political cartoonist and activist

What’s the next step of the democratic movement? What will happen next?

I think the most important thing to understand is that the protests and assembly marches will continue in the coming weeks. There will be also an assembly to strike for secondary school students and university students. We are aiming to just extend our movements and ask the government to respond to the five demands of the protesters.

Do you think the Hong Kong Basic Law is still valid?

Yes because I think the Hong Kong government and the Beijing regime didn’t keep the promise of ‘One Country Two Systems’. For example, the basic law promises that there will be universal suffrage and elections for a Legislative Council completely elected by the people of Hong Kong, but those promised didn’t achieve. The promises of the Sino-British Joint Declaration that would have ensured among other things the right to freedom and democracy have not been maintained. And they also called the Joint Declaration as a historical document.

the HONG KONG government must respond to the five demands and not create a platform of dialogue to cool out the people

What the Hong Kong authorities will do in the next days?

They’re setting up a dialogue platform between protesters and the government. But I think that the dialogue platform is not really working, because the five demands are really clear and the government has to achieve the five demands asked by the protestors. So we urge that the government must respond to the five demands and not create a platform of dialogue to cool out the people.

Do you think China will retaliate? Or if so how and when?

I think there may be chances for the government to restrict the power of the Legislative Council or maybe Hong Kong people in the future. But for us, we have to keep protesting to protect the rights that we previously have. So I can’t tell you precisely when the government will restrict us, but as soon as we take to the streets and join the protests we will be able to extend this time before their intervention.

What is the thing that impressed you the most during these protests?

The thing that impressed me most is that every Hong Kong people knows his role. They take part in the discussion of the strategies and the ways of protest and even they are putting a lot of efforts on PR making photos to spread the information to the international society. We are truly seeing the unity of the Hong Kong people and also the power of the Hong people.

At this point what is your major concern?

My biggest concern is a possible intervention by Chinese troops stationed in Shenzhen to crush protests in Hong Kong. This can happen. So we urge the international society to contain China and do something for Hong Kong.

Did you receive moral support from abroad?

I don’t think the international society is giving enough support. For example, the US is still giving riot gears to the Hong Kong’s police, and they are still providing that, while EU and Germany didn’t do enough for the Hong Kong issues. So we are hoping the international society will give more effort to support the Hong Kong people.

What do Chinese netizens think about the protests in Hong Kong?

I think that the Chinese people don’t know the full picture because there is a lot of censorship inside China and there is a lot of fake news gathering inside Chinese networks.

Does your family support you?

No.

Are they worried about you?

Yes, Because there is just a lot of thing touching the political part of Hong Kong because the Communist Party didn’t give us the rights and the freedom of thought.

Registrar to an issue:-

Person who is responsible for maintaining the details of shareholders (register of members) on behalf of the company.

Provide share holding patterns to the company on regular intervals.

Collect applications from investors with respect to the issue of securities.

Maintain record of application and fund received from the investor or payment made to the seller of securities.

Determining the basis of allotment of securities in consultation with the stock exchange, finalising the list of persons who are entitled for the allotment of securities.

Processing and dispatching the allotment letter, refund order, certificates and other related documents with respect to the issue.

Share transfer agent:-

Person responsible for maintaining the details of all transfer transactions.

To facilitate the transfer of shares when the securities are in physical form.

Deal with all matters connected with the transfer and redemption of securities.

Yesterday while I was watching a lecture online my professor had asked an interesting question to the students which was “What is the criteria for a state to be given the title of a state?”At first this question may sound a little simple. After I read and researched a little about this question I realised it isn't. In fact it sounds so silly that I wouldn’t have asked myself this question otherwise. Well this can be called a summary of what are the essential conditions a state must fulfill to get the statehood.

The international community is the community of sovereign states at an international platform. For any state to enjoy the rights, duties and obligations of international law and to be a member of the international community, recognition of the entity as a state is very important. Only after recognition of the entity as a state, it becomes acknowledged by other states who are a member of the International Community. International law considers the act of recognition as an independent act of the existing statehood community.

Essentials for recognition as a state:

Under the International Law, Article 1 of the Montevideo Conference, 1933 defines the state as a person and lays down following essentials that an entity should possess in order to acquire recognition as a state:

It should have a permanent population.

A definite territory should be controlled by it.

There should be a government of that particular territory.

That entity should have the capacity to enter into relations with other states.

Legal effects:

When a state acquires recognition, it gains certain rights, obligations and immunities such as.

It acquires the capacity to enter into diplomatic relations with other states.

It acquires the capacity to enter into treaties with other states.

The state is able to enjoy the rights and privileges of international statehood.

The state can undergo state succession.

With the recognition of state comes the right to sue and to be sued.