Beginnerâs Guide to Bare-Root Fruit Trees in the San Francisco East Bay
Thereâs something really special about walking into your yard, picking a sun-warmed peach or crisp apple, and knowing you planted that tree yourself. In the San Francisco East Bay, bare-root fruit trees are one of the easiest, most budget-friendly ways to start that journey.
If youâve ever seen bare-root trees at a nursery and thought, âThat just looks like a stick with roots,â youâre not alone. This guide will walk you through what they are, when to plant them, and exactly how to get them off to a great start in your East Bay garden.
What Is a Bare-Root Fruit Tree?
Bare-root trees are sold without soil around their roots and usually without a pot. They look simple and a little underwhelmingâbut theyâre full of potential.
Easier to carry and transport
Often more affordable than potted trees
Quick to establish once theyâre planted correctly
The only catch: their roots are exposed and delicate. Youâll want to keep them moist, out of hot sun and wind, and get them into the ground as soon as you can.
The Best Time to Plant in the East Bay
In our area, bare-root fruit trees have a âsweet spotâ for planting: late January through early March, while theyâre still dormant.
Planting during this cool, quiet period:
Gives roots time to settle in before spring growth explodes
Helps trees handle our dry, warm seasons better later in the year
If you bring one home, try not to let it sit around. Plan your planting day within a day or two.
Step 1: Pick the Right Spot in Your Yard
Think of this as choosing a long-term home for your tree. A little planning now saves headaches later.
Sunlight
Most fruit trees love sun. Aim for a place that gets at least 6â8 hours of direct sunlight each day. The more light, the better your chances of getting great fruit.
Soil Drainage
Roots hate sitting in cold, soggy soil. Good drainage is one of the most important (and most overlooked) parts of fruit tree success.
Try this simple drainage test:
Dig a hole where you want to plant.
Fill it with water and let it drain completely.
Fill it again and see how long it takes this time.
Hereâs how to read the results:
20 minutes to a few hours: Youâre in good shape.
Just a few minutes: The soil drains too fast; youâll need to add organic matter and keep an eye on watering.
Several hours or more: Drainage is poor; consider moving to a different spot or planting in a raised bed or mound.
If youâre really unsure about your soil, talking with a nursery staff member or an Alameda County Master Gardener can be very helpful.
Space to Grow
Check the mature size of the tree youâre buying. Picture its full-grown height and branch spread:
Keep it away from power lines and rooflines
Give it space from fences, patios, and other trees
Make sure thereâs room to walk around it and harvest comfortably
Step 2: Prep the Hole and the Soil
This part is a bit of work, but it makes a huge difference in how quickly your tree settles in.
Make the hole about twice as wide as the root system.
Deep enough so the roots fit without being bent or jammed.
Loosen the bottom of the hole so roots can grow into it more easily.
For the soil youâre putting back in, aim for roughly a 50/50 mix of native soil and amendments, based on what your drainage test told you:
Fast-draining soil: Add a soil conditioner or compost to give it more structure and help it hold moisture.
Heavy clay soil: Mix in small fir bark, peat moss, or coconut coir so more air and water can move through. A bit of tiny drainage rock (often called scoria) can also help.
Hydrate the Roots
Before planting, set the roots in a shallow bucket of water for up to an hour. This rehydrates them and gives them a better start, especially if they look a little dry.
Step 3: Planting Your Bare-Root Tree
Now for the satisfying part.
Make a small, firm cone of soil in the center of the hole.
Place the tree on top of this cone and gently spread the roots down and outward over it.
Find the graft unionâthe slightly swollen area near the bottom of the trunk where the fruiting variety was joined to the rootstock. This should sit 2â4 inches above the finished soil level to prevent rot.
A handy trick: lay your shovel handle across the hole to show where ground level will be so you donât accidentally set the tree too low.
Add your amended soil a bit at a time, working it in around the roots.
Gently firm it with your hands as you go, breaking up big clumps.
When the hole is almost full, add water to help settle the soil and remove hidden air pockets. If the tree sinks too low, carefully lift and wiggle it up a bit before adding the rest of the soil.
Create a Watering Basin
Use the remaining soil to build a low berm around the tree, like a big donut. This creates a basin that helps water soak in right where the roots are.
Give the tree a slow, deep watering, trying to keep the trunk itself as dry as possible to avoid fungal problems.
Step 4: Caring for Your New Tree
Your tree is plantedânow it just needs steady, gentle care to establish.
Spread 3â4 inches of wood chip mulch or similar mulch around the tree.
Leave a wide âdonut holeâ around the trunk, so mulch isnât piled up against the bark.
Mulch keeps moisture in, keeps weeds down, and improves soil as it breaks down.
For the first growing season, aim for soil thatâs moist but not soggy.
Deeply water about once a week, more often during heat waves or windy spells.
Check the soil a few inches downâif it feels dry, itâs time to water again.
Pruning
Most bare-root trees arrive with simple, thin branches, so you may not need to prune much on planting day. When you are ready to shape the tree, good pruning helps create a strong structure and easier fruit picking down the road. Watching a reputable pruning video or getting quick guidance from a nursery is often the easiest way to learn.
Growing Your Own Fruit for Years to Come
Planting a bare-root fruit tree is a small project that pays you back for yearsâwith shade, blossoms, and homegrown fruit you can share with family and friends. With a sunny spot, decent drainage, good soil prep, and regular water, your tree will reward you season after season.
If youâre ready to add Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Nectarines, Peaches, Pears, Persimmons, or Plums to your East Bay garden, the team at Evergreen Nursery in San Leandro is happy to help. Our staff can walk you through choosing the right variety, explain rootstocks in plain language, and answer questions about planting and care so you feel confident from the very first tree you plant.
