#3.1.3

The gamins love going to the theater, where everything is turned upside down.

“Bestow on an individual the useless and deprive him of the necessary, and you have the gamin.”

‘Give the person the unnecessary and deprive him of the essential, what you have is the gamin’ and here we come to one of the thesis statements of the book. The plight of the child without education, without shelter and without maternal love. Hugo has highlighted that such things are necessary from his Preface. The gamin is one of his miserables who needs education to be raised out of poverty and darkness.    

The gamin exists in the public sphere almost completely and he has both literary and artistic tastes, this despite not having much education. He is not a classicist, obviously and therefore makes fun of the plays performed in the classical style. I’m always amused at Hugo taking a swipe at Classicism, it’s extremely hilarious. The gamin is extremely Romantic, and he lends a rowdiness to the theatre, which Hugo appreciates maybe because he also employed his community of friends as claques during Hernani and a very rowdy battle ensued.   

The Parisian gamin becomes an embodiment of Paris, perhaps – ‘goes to all the theatres in Paris, sings, hunts in the sewer, fishes in the gutter, perks up life on the street.’ He is also concerned about the little things such as having trousers without any fob-pockets.  But despite everything he takes growing up on the streets, ‘he wallows in the dungheap and emerges from it covered in stars.’ He himself is untouched and innocent, considering that he is connected with Paris and the future of Paris. The gamin represents the people of Paris, and Paris atomised is the gamin.

Even if he were to face a mythical monster of the sea like Adamastor he would not be deterred. And he is facing a mythical monster of sorts in the way society is excluding him from the necessary to keep him in darkness and ignorance.

A little ramble on the gamins (extremely speculative and therefore liable to be wrong) under the cut:

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This one is just... just kind of gross and I did not enjoy reading it.

“At the epoch, nearly contemporary by the way, when the action of this book takes place, there was not, as there is to-day, a policeman at the corner of every street (a benefit which there is no time to discuss here)”

On average, 260 homeless children were picked up annually by the police.

“All crimes of the man begin in the vagabondage of the child.”

However, vagabond children in Paris are different, and something in them remains intact that doesn’t in homeless children in other cities.

This is not to say that homeless children in Paris is not a sad thing.

“Let it be said by the way, that this abandonment of children was not discouraged by the ancient monarchy. A little of Egypt and Bohemia in the lower regions suited the upper spheres, and compassed the aims of the powerful.”

What?

“Besides this, the monarchy sometimes was in need of children, and in that case it skimmed the streets.”

What?!?!

They sent them to the galleys for being fifteen and homeless.