Intermediate / Lesson 14: -๊ฒ ๋ค
์๋
ํ์ธ์ ์ฌ๋ฌ๋ถ! Hey everyone! A long time ago I made a lesson on the form -๊ฒ ๋ค, but looking back on it, itโs not a great lesson (Iโve learned a lot about Korean since I started this blog!), so I decided to remake it! Even Iโm not that familiar with all of the usages that I list, so any corrections are welcome :) I hope this is helpful!
1. -๊ฒ ์ต๋๋ค: Expressing Intention
Letโs start with how to use -๊ฒ ์ต๋๋ค. The first nuance this could have is expressing your intention to do something. Itโs usually translated as โI willโ in English, but has a stronger nuance than the plain future tense form, -ใน/์ ๊ฑฐ์์. These sentences tend to be more formal-sounding too. Iโve also heard that aside from set expressions like the ones below, this usage is not very common. Letโs see some examples:
์ ๋จน๊ฒ ์ต๋๋ค. = I will eat well. / Thank you for the food.
Youโve probably heard this expression before โ itโs said right before starting a meal when the food is served. This sentence expresses your intention/will to enjoy the food.
์ด์ฌํ ํ๊ฒ ์ต๋๋ค. = I will work hard.
You might say this when given a new project/task to do. This expresses your strong intention to work hard at it.
2. -๊ฒ ์ด์: Guessing; Assumption
-๊ฒ ์ด(์) is a way to use -๊ฒ ๋ค less formally. It can express your guess or assumption about the way something is or might be. For example:
(from Tammy Korean โ I really recommend this video!) ๋ด์ผ ๋ ์จ๊ฐ ์ข๊ฒ ์ด์. = It looks like the weather is going to be nice tomorrow.
The actual sentence that Tammy Korean features is ๋ด์ผ ๋ ์จ๊ฐ ์ข๊ฒ ๋ค์. In my opinion, ending it with -๋ค์ sounds more natural.
Here, youโre making a guess that the weather is going to be nice tomorrow. Maybe you watched the weather forecast and saw that itโs going to be warm and sunny.
๋ฏผ์ง ์จ์ ๊ณ ์์ด๋ ์ฃฝ์์ด์. ๋๋ฌด ์์ํ๊ฒ ์ด์. = Minjiโs cat died. She must be so upset.
Here, youโre making an assumption about how Minji feels based on what happened.
๊ทธ ์ํ ์์
์ ์ด๋ ต๊ฒ ๋ค์. = That math class must be difficult.
Youโre guessing that this math class is hard. Maybe your friend tells you theyโre taking a calculus class, which sounds very complicated.
-๊ฒ ๋ค is similar to the above usage. Iโm not sure if thereโs much of a difference in nuance, but I think that -๊ฒ ๋ค sounds even less formal/polite than -๊ฒ ์ด์ (someone correct me if Iโm wrong though!). Letโs see some examples:
๋ง์๊ฒ ๋ค! = It looks delicious!
This is another phrase youโve probably heard before. It expresses your guess that the food will taste good based on the way it looks.
๋จ์ ์น๊ตฌ๊ฐ ์๊ฒผ์ด์? ์ข๊ฒ ๋ค! = You got a boyfriend? Lucky you!
์ข๊ฒ ๋ค here literally means something like โit must be nice,โ or even in this particular sentence, โyou must be happy.โ
4. -์/์ด/์ฌ์ผ (ํ)๊ฒ ๋ค
In my experience, I think Iโve heard this usage the most. It combines -๊ฒ ๋ค with -์/์ด/์ฌ์ผ ํ๋ค, which means โhave toโ or โshould.โ If I were to compare this with just the plain -์/์ด/์ฌ์ผ ํ๋ค, I would say it is usually used when youโre talking to yourself, as if to tell yourself you should do something. Here are some examples:
์ค๋๋ฐค ์ผ์ฐ ์์ผ ํ๊ฒ ๋ค. = I should go to bed early tonight.
Often, this form omits the ํ. This can be shortened to ์ค๋๋ฐค ์ผ์ฐ ์์ผ๊ฒ ๋ค.
์์ ๋ฅผ ์ง๊ธ ํด์ผ๊ฒ ๋ค. = I should do my homework now.
You might say this to tell yourself to do your homework.
Thatโs about it for this lesson! I hope itโs helpful and better than my original lesson lol. As usual, if anyone has any corrections or questions about this grammar point, please let me know! See you in the next lesson! ๋ค์์ ๋ ๋ด์!
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