Part two of Māori pronunciation: Vowels
Part one was consonants. To be able to actually say anything in Māori you need vowels; in Te Reo Māori consonants cannot stand alone.
There are five vowles in Māori;
“a” in haka (a type of dance)
“e” in whare (house)
“i” in Hinemoa (personal name)
“o” in noho (to sit)
“u” in ngutu (lips)
In Māori vowels can be either short or long. Long vowels are shown by placing a macron (a bar) above the letter (like the “ā” in Māori). This is important, because there are words that differ only in vowel length, but have an unrelated meaning.
“kaka” (dress) with “kākā” (a native parrot)
“keke” (cake) with “kēkē” (armpit)
“pipi” (type of shellfish) with “pīpī” (baby bird)
“koko” (shovel) with “kōkō” (fat tūī (a bird))
“ruru” (morepork (a native owl)) with “rūrū” (handshake)
Vowels can be combined, to create diphthongs;
“ai” in kai (food)
“ae” in Kae (personal name)
“ao” in kao (dried kūmara)
“au” in kau (cow)
“ea” in hea (where)
“ei” in hei (hay (for animals))
“eu” in heu (to shave)
“eo” in eo (lice)
“ia” in pia (gum, sap)
“ie” in hie (scram, get lost)
“iu” in piu (to throw)
“io” in pio (many, majority)
“oa” in moa (an extinct type of bird)
“oi” in moi (a noise made to call a dog)
“oe” in moe (to sleep)
“ou” in kou (to hoot (a bird))
“ua” in tua (“th” make a number ordinal)
“ui” in tui (to sew)
“ue” in ue (to push)
Diphthongs also make use of short vs. long vowels, such as;
“kae” (personal name) with “āe”(yes)
“kao” (dried kūmara) with “kāo” (no)
It is possible for three vowels to appear after each other, for example;
“aue” in aue (an expression of surprise)
This as well make use of short/long vowels;
“aue” (an expression of surprise)
“auē” (to cry, howl)
That’s it for vowels. I did mention on the consonant post that I’d give more examples of “ng” so you can practice saying it with all vowels, so;
“nga” (a suffix used to make verbs into nouns)
“ngā” (the for plurals)
“ngē” (to screech)
“ngō” (to wheeze)
“ngū” (to be silent)
“kahurangi” (blue, precious, a personal name) <– My name, so now everyone can correctly say my name !